Author Topic: Lake Baikal  (Read 1010 times)

hubag bohol

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Lake Baikal
« on: August 11, 2013, 08:04:52 AM »
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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #1 on: August 11, 2013, 08:06:58 AM »
Lake Baikal is a rift lake in the south of the Russian region of Siberia, between the Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Buryat Republic to the southeast.

Lake Baikal is the most voluminous freshwater lake in the world, containing roughly 20% of the world's unfrozen surface fresh water, and at 1,642 m (5,387 ft), the deepest. It is also among the clearest of all lakes, and thought to be the world's oldest lake at 25 million years.

Similar to Lake Tanganyika, Lake Baikal was formed as an ancient rift valley, having the typical long crescent shape with a surface area of 31,722 km2 (12,248 sq mi). Baikal is home to more than 1,700 species of plants and animals, two thirds of which can be found nowhere else in the world and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. It is also home to Buryat tribes who reside on the eastern side of Lake Baikal, rearing goats, camels, cattle and sheep, where the regional average temperatures vary from a minimum of −19 °C (−2 °F) in winter to maximum of 14 °C (57 °F) in summer. Lake Baikal is nicknamed "Older sister of Sister Lakes (Lake Khövsgöl and Lake Baikal)". --Wiki

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #2 on: August 11, 2013, 08:07:39 AM »
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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #3 on: August 11, 2013, 08:09:37 AM »
Lake Baikal was known as the "North Sea" in historical Chinese texts. It was situated in the then Xiongnu territory that stretched from the empire of the Han Dynasty in the south, to the Siberian taiga north of the lake, and saw military excursions led by the army of the Han Dynasty engaging the Xiongnu during the Han-Hun Wars. Little was known to Europeans about the lake until Russia expanded into the area in the 17th century. The first Russian explorer to reach Lake Baikal was Kurbat Ivanov in 1643. --Wiki

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #4 on: August 11, 2013, 08:10:53 AM »
Baikal's age is estimated at 25–30 million years, making it one of the most ancient lakes in geological history.[citation needed] It is unique among large, high-latitude lakes, in that its sediments have not been scoured by overriding continental ice sheets. U.S. and Russian studies of core sediment in the 1990s provide a detailed record of climatic variation over the past 250,000 years. Longer and deeper sediment cores are expected in the near future. Lake Baikal is furthermore the only confined fresh water lake in which direct and indirect evidence of gas hydrates exists.

The lake is completely surrounded by mountains. The Baikal Mountains on the north shore and the taiga are technically protected as a national park. It contains 27 islands; the largest, Olkhon, is 72 km (45 mi) long and is the third-largest lake-bound island in the world. The lake is fed by as many as 330 inflowing rivers. The main ones draining directly into Baikal are the Selenga River, the Barguzin River, the Upper Angara River, the Turka River, the Sarma River and the Snezhnaya River. It is drained through a single outlet, the Angara River.

Despite its great depth, the lake's waters are well-mixed and well-oxygenated throughout the water column, compared to the stratification that occurs in such bodies of water as Lake Tanganyika and the Black Sea. --Wiki

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #5 on: August 11, 2013, 08:12:31 AM »
Lake Baikal is rich in biodiversity. It hosts 1,085 species of plants and 1,550 species and varieties of animals.[citation needed] More than 80% of the animals are endemic. Epischura baikalensis is endemic to Lake Baikal and the dominating zooplankton species there, making up 80 to 90 percent of total biomass. The Baikal Seal or nerpa (Pusa sibirica) is found throughout Lake Baikal. It is one of only three entirely freshwater seal populations in the world, the other two being subspecies of Ringed Seal. Perhaps the most important local species is the omul (Coregonus autumnalis migratorius), a smallish endemic salmonid. It is caught, smoked and then sold widely in markets around the lake.

Of particular note are the two species of golomyanka or Baikal oil fish (Comephorus baicalensis and C. dybowskii). These long-finned, translucent fish normally live in depths of 200–500 m (650–1,600 ft) and are the primary prey of the Baikal seal, representing the largest fish biomass in the lake. The Baikal grayling (Thymallus arcticus baicalensis), a fast swimming salmonid, popular among anglers and the Baikal sturgeon (Acipenser baerri baicalensis), are both important endemic species with commercial value. The lake also hosts rich endemic fauna of invertebrates. Among them turbellarian worms, snails and amphipod crustaceans are particularly diverse.

The watershed of Lake Baikal has numerous flora species represented. The marsh thistle, Cirsium palustre, is found here at the eastern limit of its geographic range. --Wiki

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #6 on: August 17, 2013, 08:01:10 PM »


Mountains at the banks of the Baikal

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diablo

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #7 on: August 17, 2013, 08:07:36 PM »
looy man kang tawhana. ningkamot sapawan ahong topic. okey lang because my topics are not meant for public consumption. they were written especially for you. nalipay ka nga naka labay ka ug agosto 17.
wait baby cakes. naa pay agosto 26

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #8 on: August 17, 2013, 08:16:25 PM »


The Baikal seal is endemic to Lake Baikal

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diablo

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #9 on: August 17, 2013, 08:19:00 PM »
will you miss me when i am gone mr. hubak :-*

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #10 on: August 17, 2013, 09:43:18 PM »
Several organizations are carrying out natural research projects on Lake Baikal. Most of them are governmental or associated with governmental organizations. The Baikal Research Centre is an independent research organization carrying out environmental educational and research projects at Lake Baikal.

In July 2008, Russia sent two small submersibles, Mir-1 and Mir-2, to descend 1,592 m (5,223 ft) to the bottom of Lake Baikal to conduct geological and biological tests on its unique ecosystem. Although originally reported as being successful, they did not set a world record for the deepest fresh water dive, reaching a depth of only 1,580 m (5,180 ft). That record is currently held by Anatoly Sagalevich, at 1,637 m (5,371 ft) (also in Lake Baikal aboard a Pisces submersible in 1990).

Russian scientist and federal politician, Artur Chilingarov, the leader of the mission, also took part in the Mir dives.

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hubag bohol

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Re: Lake Baikal
« Reply #11 on: August 17, 2013, 10:40:00 PM »


Lake Baikal as seen from the OrbView-2 satellite

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