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#3601
Bible Study / Ruth 3:12 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:23:15 PM
Ug karon matuod nga ako haduol nga kaubanan mo; apan adunay usa ka kaubanan nga labing haduol pa kay kanako.
Ruth 3:12

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#3602
Bible Study / Ruth 3:11 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:22:44 PM
Ug karon, anak ko, ayaw kahadlok; buhaton ko kanimo ang tanan nga imong gipamulong; kay ang tibook nga ciudad sa akong katawohan nanghibalo nga ikaw babaye nga may katakus.
Ruth 3:11

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#3603
Bible Study / Ruth 3:10 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:21:46 PM
Ug siya miingon: Binulahan ikaw ni Jehova, anak ko; ikaw nagpakita kanako ug kalolot sa kaulahian labi pa kay sa sinugdan, sanglit ikaw wala monunot sa mga batan-on nga lalake, bisan kabus kun adunahan.
Ruth 3:10

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#3604
Bible Study / Ruth 3:9 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:21:14 PM
Ug siya miingon: Kinsa ba ikaw? ug siya mitubag: Ako si Ruth ang sulogoon mong babaye: busa buklara ang imong kapa ibabaw sa imong ulipon nga babaye; kay ikaw ang usa ka haduol nga kaubanan.
Ruth 3:9

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#3605
Bible Study / Ruth 3:8 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:20:43 PM
Ug nahitabo nga sa pagkatungang gabii, ang tawo nahikurat ug miliso sa iyang kaugalingon; ug, ania karon, usa ka babaye naghigda sa iyang tiilan.
Ruth 3:8

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#3606
Bible Study / Ruth 3:7 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:20:11 PM
Ug sa nakakaon ug nakainum na si Booz, ug ang iyang kasingkasing nagmalipayon, mihigda siya sa kinatumyan sa ginalab: ug siya mihinay pagduol, ug gibuksan ang iyang tiilan ug mihigda siya.
Ruth 3:7

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#3607
Bible Study / Ruth 3:6 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:19:36 PM
Ug siya miadto sa giukan, ug gihimo ang tanan nga gisugo kaniya sa iyang ugangan nga babaye.
Ruth 3:6

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#3608
Bible Study / Ruth 3:5 Bisaya
June 08, 2022, 08:19:04 PM
Ug siya miingon kaniya: Ang tanan mong gipamulong akong pagabuhaton.
Ruth 3:5

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#3609
Bible Study / Ruth 3:4 Bisaya Cebuano
June 08, 2022, 08:18:25 PM
Ug mahitabo, nga kong siya mohigda na, timan-an mo ang dapit nga iyang pagahig-daan, ug sumulod ka, ug buksan mo ang iyang tiilan ug humigda ka; ug siya magasugilon kanimo sa imong pagabuhaton.
Ruth 3:4

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#3610
Bible Study / Ruth 3:3 Bisaya Cebuano
June 08, 2022, 08:17:36 PM
Busa maligo ka sa imong kaugalingon, ug pamubho ka, ug isul-ob mo ang imong saput, ug lumakaw ka ngadto sa giukan; apan sa imong kaugalingon ayaw pagpaila sa tawo, hangtud nga siya makakaon ug makainum.
Ruth 3:3

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#3611
History / Islam and Muhammad
June 08, 2022, 08:08:49 PM
The man who would be remembered by history as the Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca into an upper middle-class family around the year 570. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by family members and as an adult he became a successful merchant.

Muhammad was about 40 years old when, according to Islamic tradition, he began to receive revelations from God and was visited by the angel Gabriel. Arab culture at the time was polytheistic but Muhammad proclaimed that there was only one God—the same God worshipped by Jews and Christians. Initially Muhammad shared the messages secretly, only with his family and close acquaintances. But in around 613, when he was in his mid-40's, he began to declare "Islam" (derived from an Arabic word meaning "submission") publicly, eventually prompting a severe backlash from Meccans and particularly the religious leadership.

After years of persecution, during which the new faith also acquired many new followers, Muhammad and his followers (called "Muslims") emigrated to Medina, a city about 200 miles north of Mecca, where they established a theocratic Islamic community. Armed conflict with Mecca eventually evolved into a full-scale war, and in 629 a Muslim force led by Muhammad captured the city. In the 630's, strengthened by thousands of new converts, Islam spread rapidly and by 635 the entire Arabian Peninsula had been conquered.

In June 632, Muhammad died at his home in Medina, at about age 62.

According to Islamic tradition, as word of Muhammad's death spread, a crowd gathered outside the house, demanding to know if it was true. Umar, Muhammad's father-in-law, is said to have to have declared that anyone who says Muhammad is dead is a traitor to Islam and should be killed. Abu Bakr, Muhammad's closest advisor (and also his father-in-law) then emerged from the house and said, "For any who worship Muhammad, he is dead. For any who worship Allah, he is alive and will never die."

Abu Bakr succeeded Muhammad as "Caliph" (Islamic leader) and under his leadership the faith continued to grow and spread into new areas. Within a hundred years of Muhammad's death the Muslim Conquests had established an Islamic empire stretching from Spain and Morocco in the west, to modern Pakistan in the east. There are today over 1.8 billion Muslims, about 25% of the world population.

The Islamic prophet Muhammad died on June 8, 632, one thousand three hundred ninety years ago today.

The photo is of the Green Dome in Medina, built over the tombs of Muhammad, Abu Bakr, and Umar.

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#3612
Boxing forecast: Naoya Inoue Afraid of John Riel Casimero

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#3613
UAAP FOOTBALL STAR KIETH ABSALON'S MONUMENT FINALLY UNVEILED IN HIS FIRST DEATH ANNIVERSARY IN MASBATE
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IN THE NEWS: Serves as a perpetual reminder of football star Kieth Absalon who was mercilessly killed by the New People's Army (NPA), the armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines – National Democratic Front (CPP-NDF) exactly a year from today (June 6), a monument to honor his exemplary life was unveiled at the Masbate Sports Complex.

In commemoration of his first death anniversary, Vilma Absalon, the mother of Kieth, said, "Ito ay magpapa-alala sa aking anak. Napakasakit man ng pangyayari na di malilimutan kailanman. Magsisilbi ito sa mga kabataan, na ang sports ay maaaring daan para makapag-aral," during a special press briefing of the National Task Force to End Local Communists Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC) also held in Masbate.

"His short-lived life will serve as an inspiration to Masbateños, that there is a future in sports. I am really happy to be part of this commemoration, and the journey of Kieth and his education, how he got to FEU," Nene Merioles, Masbate School Superintendent who also knew Absalon as a student, said.

Merioles said that even before the pandemic and the tragic incident that befell the Absalon cousins, provincial schools have been encouraging students to be involved in sports, citing Kieth's achievements, who even at a young age of 12-years-old was already a scholar. Through football, Kieth was also able to get a college scholarship with the Far Eastern University (FEU) where he was eventually awarded the Most Valuable Player (MVP) title.

Investigation revealed that Kieth, together with his cousin Nolven and some friends and relatives were biking in the area when the NPA deliberately detonated an anti-personnel mine. Kieth and Nolven were severely wounded and as they were lying on the ground with their hands raised, the two begged for mercy. But their pleas fell on deaf ears when they were mercilessly shot to death by NPA rebels whose aim was to sow fear and terror in Masbate. At the time of his death, Kieth was only 21 years old.

The NPA thereafter issued a statement admitting the killing of the Absalons.

Absalon's mom, Vilma after acknowledging those who helped build the monument, particularly officials of NTF-ELCAC and other government agencies, pleaded that the next administration of newly elected President Ferdinand "Bong Bong" Marcos Jr. continues outgoing President Rodrigo Roa Duterte's whole-of-nation approach to end the more than five-decades of terrorism courtesy of the CTGs.

"Ipagpatuloy po sana ninyo ang NTF-ELCAC at ang aming laban sa mga komunistang-terorista, para sa ating mga kabataan," Absalon's mother pleaded.

READ MORE: https://bit.ly/3QaWf9m

#NSCGovPH #GoodGovernance #NSCPH #InformInformInform #NSCNewsPH #ActivismIsNotTerrorism #EO70 #NPA #CounteringTerrorism #NTFELCAC #FactsNotFiction #DismissDisinformation #nscphilippines #cpp #CPPNPANDF #CPPNPA #EO70ELCAC

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#3614
Facts and Trivia / Dimsum Break Free Chopao
June 08, 2022, 04:23:30 PM
Free Chopao for all fully vaccinated kids until June 30, 2022!

Give your kids a delicious dessert after lunch by being vaccinated against the virus. Complete the meal with this little treat for the family!

Mechanics:

1. For every required minimum purchase, customer gets two (2) Chopao for vaccinated kids 5-11 years old.
2. Minimum purchase: Php 300 (DB); net amount will be considered (total amount less Senior/ PWD discount)
3. Customer must be present with child's vaccination card and any ID to avail
4. Valid for dine-in transactions only.
5. Not valid with any other promotions

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#3615
History / General James Gavin the Jumping General
June 08, 2022, 03:35:12 PM
General James Gavin (The Jumping🪂General) and the command staff of the 82nd Airborne Division geared up for take off aboard their C-47.

General Gavin made four combat jumps during the war including D-Day where he led roughly  7,000 men into the battle before dawn on June 6, 1944. His trademark was leadership by example. During the first anxious days of the invasion of Normandy, he repeatedly exposed himself to heavy fire in order to motivate young men who were seeing combat for the first time. At a vicious battle for the causeway along the Merderet River, some paratroopers froze under the heavy fire from the Germans. Gavin joined them on the causeway, encouraging the men to go forward with a calm, "Son, you can do it."

At 37 years old, General Gavin was the youngest major general to command a division in World War II. He was awarded two Distinguished Service Crosses and several other decorations for his service in the war.

The 746th FEAF Band recorded the only known album by a frontline band unit in the jungles of the Pacific. Stream and add these veterans music to your Spotify and Apple Music playlists or download a digital copy of the album for free on the band website. Your streams and downloads will help these World War II veterans earn a Best Historical Grammy nomination later this year. Streaming is free....freedom is not.

Digital album https://746thfeaf.com/music

Spotify https://open.spotify.com/artist/4pv6OK7a0IpNlYIe8Y4mmm?si=B51UnJJ6QHmRvFziE0Oc7w

Apple Music https://music.apple.com/us/artist/746-feaf/1536981458

Pandora https://pandora.app.link/W4GbXuglxqb

Deezer https://deezer.page.link/wzN81222qPgx2E6N8

YouTube Music https://music.youtube.com/channel/UC1N9B9ct2aXR9NnPFi1MsUw?feature=gws_kp_artist&feature=gws_kp_artist

#ww2 #WWII #WorldWarII #worldwar2 #history  #military #army #unitedstates #usa #veterans #europe #spotify #streaming #applemusic #pandora #Youtube #music #jazz #jazzmusic #spotifyplaylist #playlist #apple #RIP #hero #france #DDay #normandy #airborne #heroes #deezer

Photograph and colorization sourced by the talented Colourised PIECE of JAKE

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#3616
Facts and Trivia / NASA's Europa Clipper Mission
June 08, 2022, 02:06:40 PM
NASA's Europa Clipper Mission takes a big step forward!

The main body of the spacecraft has been delivered to the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Over the next two years there, engineers and technicians will finish assembling the craft by hand before testing it to make sure it can withstand the journey to Jupiter's icy moon Europa. Set to launch in October 2024 as part of The Planetary Missions Program Office, Europa Clipper will conduct nearly 50 flybys of Europa, which scientists are confident harbors an internal ocean containing twice as much water as Earth's oceans combined.

More HERE:

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#3617
Facts and Trivia / World Bank Helps Ukraine
June 08, 2022, 01:20:13 PM
The World Bank's executive board approved $1.49 billion of additional financing for Ukraine on Tuesday to help pay wages for government and social workers, expanding the bank's total pledged support to over $4 billion.

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#3618
History / George III, King of the United Kingdom
June 08, 2022, 01:05:40 PM
June 4, 1738: George III, King of the United Kingdom, was born at Norfolk House to Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. Known primarily as the king who lost the Colonies (USA) or as Mad King George, he was in fact quite a capable ruler, one born in Britain, who spoke English as his first language, and who never visited his German kingdom of Hanover.
http://www.history.com/topics/british-history/george-iii

#KingGeorgeIII #UnitedKingdom #HouseofHanover #TodayInHistory
[Portrait by Liotard]

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#3619
History / Poles in Normandy
June 08, 2022, 08:44:07 AM
POLES IN NORMANDY

On D-Day, June, 6, 1944, Allied forces launched Operation 'Overlord', a combined naval, air and land operation in France. The Allied landings on five beaches - Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword – marked the start of a long and bloody campaign to liberate north-west Europe from German occupation.

Polish airmen and several Polish other units took part in missions on D-Day protecting the landing operations.

On 6th of June, 1944, 131st Polish Wing as part of the Allied Air Forces, was tasked with providing low cover to American forces landing on Utah Beach.

In the mission codenamed "Ramrod 976", pilots from the 133 Polish Fighter Wing under the command of Stanislaw Skalski escorted Stirling glider tugs that towed aircraft packed with paratroopers. On that day, the Poles also provided close support and air cover for the American 82nd and 101st airborne divisions.

Throughout the entire month of June three Polish squadrons flying  Spitfire:  No. 302 'City of Poznan', 308 'City of Krakow' and 317 'City of Wilno' continued to support the landing operations in the Utah beach sector.

Several Polish Navy and Merchant Navy vessels supported the allied forces.
ORP Dragon light cruiser managed to stop German coast artillery near the Sword Beach sector, and two days later it destroyed 6 tanks of German 21st Panzer Division.
The 1st Polish Armoured Division landed later in the campaign and played a critical role in the battle of the Argentan-Falaise Pocket and in opening the way for the Allies to liberate Paris.

After landing in France, the Polish "Black Division" was tasked with breaking the German defence in the Caen-Falaise sector. Polish soldiers entered the battle on August, 8.
Ten days later, they encircled and destroyed the German 5th Panzer Corps positioned in the Chambois area.
#RememberTheHeroes who fought for your freedom and ours, the freedom we can enjoy now.

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#3620
Philippine Provinces / Philippine Army Recruitment
June 07, 2022, 04:33:25 PM
Good Day Sir/Maam:
Please be reminded of the Official FB Pages used by ARO VISAYAS.
CEBU- https://www.facebook.com/AROVisayasR7OfficialPage

BOHOL- https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100068865863742

NEGROS and SIQUIJOR- https://www.facebook.com/Army-Recruitment-Office-Negros-and-Siquijor-106975420963204

REGION 6- https://www.facebook.com/AROVisayasR6OfficialPage

REGION 8- https://www.facebook.com/AROVisayasR8OfficialPage

Refer to these pages DIRECTLY for AFPSAT schedules and Registration links.

Please be guided accordingly.

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#3621
Created from a 1/16th model of a German World War II tank, the TAV (Tire Assault Vehicle) was an important safety feature for the Convair 990 Landing System Research Aircraft, which tested space shuttle tires. It was imperative to know the extreme conditions the shuttle tires could tolerate at landing without putting the shuttle and its crew at risk. In addition, the CV990 was able to land repeatedly to test the tires. The TAV was built from a kit and modified into a radio controlled, video-equipped machine to drill holes in aircraft test tires that were in imminent danger of exploding because of one or more conditions: high air pressure, high temperatures, and cord wear. An exploding test tire releases energy equivalent to two and one-half sticks of dynamite and can cause severe injuries to anyone within 50 ft. of the explosion, as well as ear injury - possibly permanent hearing loss - to anyone within 100 ft. The degree of danger is also determined by the temperature pressure and cord wear of a test tire. The TAV was developed by David Carrott, a PRC employee under contract to NASA.    1995-07-27

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#3622
Software Partnership Event in Cebu
Calling all specialists in the technology industry, IT providers who are looking for new business opportunities, developers, software enthusiasts and technology experts.

Join our Partnership Enablement at Radisson Blu Cebu on 19 July, 2022.

7 million users have trusted Odoo to grow their business, sign up now and be a part of our rapid development! ️

Come meet us and see if YOU can be our next official partner.

There are limited seats available, RSVP for FREE today: https://www.odoo.com/r/CeP4

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#3623
Health and Food / Guide for Fasting
June 07, 2022, 03:03:27 PM
Stay hydrated. 20-30% of bodily fluids come from food, so be sure to drink plenty of water.

Meditate and go for a light exercise. Physical activities should be limited and not too energy-consuming.

Don't eat a heavy meal right after the fasting period. Overeating after completing your fast could make you feel bloated and tired.

Consume enough protein. Adequate protein intake helps manage hunger and minimize muscle loss.

Don't fast if you:
Have heart disease or type 2 diabetes
Are pregnant, breastfeeding, or trying to conceive
Have low blood pressure
Are taking prescription medication
Are underweight
Have eating disorders or have recently recovered from them
Are young or elderly (only those aged 14 to 59 are advised to fast)

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#3624
The Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) has extended a P1.6-billion financing assistance to Luzon Alliance Medical Center, Inc. to boost healthcare quality in Central Luzon. For more information on how LGUs can avail of loans, visit: https://bit.ly/3JZZUTU

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#3625
By CSIS - The proposed Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) is the Biden administration's answer to questions about the United States' economic commitment to the vital Indo-Pacific region. For this initiative to succeed, it must address concerns among regional partners about the framework's form, function, benefits, inclusivity, and durability. Based on conversations with representatives from over a dozen regional governments, this brief summarizes Indo-Pacific perspectives on the IPEF. The U.S. government can bolster its chances of securing regional buy-in for the IPEF by:

Offering more meaningful incentives for countries to join the initiative and make binding commitments;
Aiming for inclusivity beyond close allies and partners to attract countries from South and Southeast Asia and across the Pacific;
Breaking out digital negotiations as a separate pillar of work to secure a high-standard regional digital economy agreement;
Demonstrating the framework's durability by seeking greater congressional support for the initiative and offering sustained capacity-building support in the region; and
Centralizing coordination through a single high-level coordinator, either a senior White House official or designated cabinet officer, and clarifying the role of key U.S. agencies.

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#3626
by Matthew P. Goodman and Aidan Arasasingham

In a new CSIS Brief based on conversations with representatives from over a dozen regional governments in the first quarter of 2022, the CSIS Economics Program summarizes Indo-Pacific perspectives on the IPEF and offers suggestions for the U.S. government to bolster its chances of securing regional buy-in.​​​
 

"If U.S. policymakers can address regional questions and critiques related to inclusivity, form, function, benefits, and durability, then the IPEF has a real chance at securing buy-in from the region and advancing U.S. economic and strategic interests in the world's most critical economic region."

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#3627
Have you heard of us yet?
Nice to meet you! We are Digital Lift, the new philanthropic arm of monday.com, and we help nonprofits to implement and use technology to increase their impact.

We have a variety of grants and professional tools that can help charities that want and need to use technology to undergo a digital transformation. Did we mention we are a philanthropic arm?

Read more about the grants on our website, and register>>

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#3628
The Shuttle Orbiter 101 "Enterprise" soars above the NASA 747 carrier aircraft only seconds after separating during the first free flight of the Shuttle Approach and Landing Tests (ALTs) conducted on August 12, 1977 at Dryden Flight Research Center in Southern California. Astronauts Fred W. Haise Jr., and C. Gordon Fullerton were the crew of the "Enterprise." The ALT free flights are designed to verify Orbiter subsonic airworthiness, integrated systems operations and pilot-guided approach and landing capability and satisfying prerequisites to automatic flight control and navigation mode.

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#3629
𝙂𝙐𝘼𝙈 𝘼𝙉𝘿 𝙏𝙃𝙀 𝙈𝘼𝙍𝙄𝘼𝙉𝘼𝙎, 𝙊𝙉𝘾𝙀 𝙋𝘼𝙍𝙏 𝙊𝙁 𝙏𝙃𝙀 𝙋𝙃𝙄𝙇𝙄𝙋𝙋𝙄𝙉𝙀𝙎 During the Spanish Empire, 𝙄𝙨𝙡𝙖𝙨 𝙁𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙨 include Palau, the Marianas, Carolines (now Micronesia) and Guam.

This vast territory was ruled from Manila during the Spanish rule for hundreds of years.

Palau was even considered part of the Philippines by the First Republic in Malolos but did not materialize because the Philippines was ceded by Spain to the United States together with Guam while Eastern Philippines (Marianas and Caroline Islands) was sold to Germany  and later occupied by Japan then the United States during the height of WW2.

While the seat of the civil government of Islas Filipinas was in Manila, church administration of Guam and the surrounding islands originated from the Archdiocese of Cebu.

It was in Guam that Cebuano missionary catechist Pedro Calungsod was persecuted and martyred in 1672.
#infocebuhistory

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#3630
Philippine Showcase / Sagay City Bus Terminal
June 07, 2022, 12:55:20 PM
Sagay City Bus Terminal in Negros Occidental

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#3631
Philippine History / Gold Bars from the Philippines
June 07, 2022, 12:52:47 PM
"SPANISH LOOTED GOLD BARS IN THE 17TH CENTURY"

A Gold Bar with mint marks was recovered from the Spanish treasure ship 'Atocha' which sank in 1622. Much of the wreck of Nuestra Señora de Atocha was famously recovered by an American commercial treasure-hunting expedition in 1985.

From the 16th to 18th centuries, Spanish galleons were known for being heavily laden with treasures e.g. copper, silver, gold, tobacco, gems, and indigo. Aside from the galleon trade, treasures were purportedly looted from their territory islands in the Caribbean, and according to some historians, much of these gold ingots were reportedly from the gold-rich Philippines and transported from the Philippines islands to Mexico and finally to Spain.

One example of that was in 1565 when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi issued a proclamation in Cebu requiring Spanish soldiers and sailors who dug up local Cebuano graves in search of treasure to properly declare their finds to the authorities in order for the King of Spain to take his "royal fifths and rights," his majesty's "cut" in the loot, that once the treasure pile is fully mounted, that's the time ready to be transported to Spain. [1]

Reference to Consider:
[1] "The Spanish Empire in America, New York" C.H. Haring (1947)

Related link: https://asiasociety.org/philippines2015
#PHCEHistory

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#3632
History / D-Day Invasion in Normandy, France
June 07, 2022, 11:30:43 AM
Extraordinary men, unheard of sacrifice 𝐉𝐮𝐧𝐞 𝟔, 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟒
More than 160,000 Allied troops landed along a 50-mile stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline, to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade in which, "we will accept nothing less than full victory." More than 5,000 Ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, and by day's end, the Allies gained a foot-hold in Continental Europe. The cost in lives on D-Day was high. More than 9,000 Allied Soldiers were killed or wounded, but their sacrifice allowed more than 100,000 Soldiers to begin the slow, hard slog across Europe, to defeat Adolf Hitler's troops #dday #1944 #honor #courage #committment repost from @180fw

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#3633
On June 4, 1900, the Battle of Makahambus Hill (now in Cagayan de Oro City) saw a rare Filipino victory achieved against the United States during the Filipino-American War. Led by Colonel Apolinar Velez (pictured, bottom left) and Lieutenant Cruz Taal (bottom right), the Filipino soldiers were able to inflict 20 American casualties, while suffering only four on the Filipino side. This would be one of the few instances during the war when American casualties exceeded that of the Filipinos.

Seizing the element of surprise, the Filipino lines remained quiet in the duration the Americans under Captain Thomas Miller's company (from the US 40th Regiment) climbed. But as soon as the first American reached close enough to their gate to greet "Good morning", the Filipino cannon and their rifles went blazing. Added to the enemy difficulty were the traps conveniently set where the Filipinos expected the American advance. Thrice the Americans attempted to take the Filipino lines, and thrice they were repulsed by the entrenched Filipinos. Eventually, when the Americans saw it was nearly impossible to flank or maneuver, they sounded their retreat.

Learn more about the Filipino-American War: https://history-ph.blogspot.com/2015/03/president-aguinaldos-only-battle.html

#FilipinoHistorian #History #TodayInHistory #OnThisDay #Makahambus #CDO #CagayandeOro #Warfare #MilitaryHistory #UnitedStates #Philippines #Kagayanon

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#3634
June 7, 1494, the governments of Spain and Portugal agreed and signed the Treaty of Tordesillas* that divided the newly discovered lands and spheres of influence outside Europe between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire. Spain and Portugal divided the "New World" by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean.

Since time immemorial, Asian products, notably silk and spices, found their way into European marts through several caravans and maritime routes. The Orient then was a region of mystery to the Europeans, who were stirred by wondrous tales of Asia's fabulous riches told by the crusaders and by the medieval travelers — Marco Polo, Fr. John Plano Carpini, Fr. William of Rubruck, Fr. Odoric of Perdenoni and Fr. Giovanni Marignolli.

Towards the 15th century, the Ottoman Turks rose to power, crushed the Christian kingdoms in the Holy Land, and even surged toward Europe. On May 29, 1453, they captured Constantinople. The Christian defenders resisted heroically, but in vain. The gallant Emperor Constantine XI, last Christian sovereign of Constantinople, perished in battle.

The fall of Constantinople (1453) and the emergence of the Ottoman Turks closed the trade routes to the East; hence, the bold navigators of Europe began to blaze new routes across the seas.
 
Portugal and Spain outstripped other European nations in geographical discoveries. Under the inspired leadership of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portuguese sea captains discovered new lands. In 1441, Antonio Gonzalvez (Gonzales) rounded Cape Blanco, Africa, and brought the first Negro slaves to Europe; in 1445 Dennis Fernandez discovered Cape Verde Islands; in 1487 Bartolomeu Dias discovered the Cape of Good Hope; and in 1498 Vasco da Gama reached Calicut, India, after rounding the Cape, thereby opening the eastern route to the Orient.

Spain, not to be outdone by Portugal, won maritime laurels. On October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus discovered America for Spain. His voyage lifted Spain to a new height of glory. Between 1499 and 1503, Amerigo Vespucci after whom America was named, explored the New World** for Spain. On September 25, 1513, Vasco Núñez de Balboa discovered the Pacific Ocean, calling it the "South Sea."

While Portugal was carving out a colonial empire in the East, Spain was building her colonial empire in the New World. These two Christian nations became keen rivals in colonizing new lands. To reconcile their conflicting interests, Pope Alexander VI issued two bulls on May 3, 1493, recognizing Portugal's rights over Africa and Spain's rights over all hands in the West.

The following day, the Holy Father issued a third bull, which fixed the first demarcation line, virtually dividing the world between Spain and Portugal. This imaginary line ran from the North to the South Pole, passing through the Atlantic Ocean at 100 degrees west to the Azores and Cape Verde Islands. All lands discovered east of the line were to belong to Portugal and all lands west of it, to Spain.

On September 26, 1498, Pope Alexander VI issued a fourth bull authorizing Spain to extend her sovereignty over all lands to be discovered in the East, including India.

The Portuguese king protested the papal arrangement, claiming that Portugal's rights over the lands in the East, which were affirmed by previous Popes, were violated. Accordingly, to patch up their colonial difficulties, Spain and Portugal concluded the Treaty of Tordesillas on June 7, 1494. This treaty shifted the demarcation line to 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, with all lands west of the line belonging to Spain and those east of it to Portugal.

Meanwhile, for eight years since the return of the Ship Victoria (one of five ships of Ferdinand Magellan's fleet), Spain and Portugal quarreled over the Moluccas, each claiming ownership of these islands. To settle their rival claims, they concluded the Treaty of Zaragoza on April 22, 1529. According to this treaty, the Spanish king sold his rights over the Moluccas to Portugal for 350,000 gold ducats; and a new demarcation line was fixed at 297 ½ leagues east of the Moluccas, with all lands east of this line belonging to Portugal and all lands west to Spain.

Sources and References:
1. Gregorio F. Zaide, Sonia M. Zaide, History of the Republic of the Philippines, Metro Manila, 1983, 1987, pp. 52-53
2. Treaty of Tordesillas, National Geographic Society, Washington
3. Wikimedia Commons
* Tordesillas is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid, Castile and Leon, central Spain.
**The "New World" is a term for the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas. The term gained prominence in the early 16th century, during Europe's Age of Discovery, shortly after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci concluded that America represented a new continent, and subsequently published his findings in a pamphlet he titled Mundus Novus

#TreatyOfTordesillas
#Treaty #Tordesillas
#Portugal #Spain
#NewWorld #Sphere
#PhilippineHistory #WorldHistory
#BoholProvincialLibraryDigital

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#3635
Science and Research / Webinar on Data Analytics
June 07, 2022, 06:44:37 AM
Take care of your future, your family and your career. Become an in-demand specialist in Data Analytics.

This digital profession allows to work with international companies even from home. You can earn from PHP 70 000 and more.

Join Refocus free webinar on Data Analytics. Our expert Benjamin Cabalona will tell you:
- Who Data Analysts are and what they do.
- Why Data Analytics is a popular profession.
- Can you start earning in Data Analytics with no experience?
- How fast and how much you can earn.
- What skills you need.
- Which course to choose.
- How to find projects for your portfolio.

Join the free webinar. Don't miss your chance!

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#3636
In the heyday of psychoanalysis, Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud were its most famous and influential practitioners. But in 1912 Jung broke with Freud, and over the rest of his career would develop his own notions of consciousness and personality theory, placing little emphasis on supposedly repressed childhood experiences and a great deal of emphasis on "ancestral memories" that he called "archetypes." Jung, who founded the field of analytical psychology, claimed that humans have a shared collective unconsciousness, and that there is a body of human knowledge that is innate—things we know without having learned them, archetypes that have been imprinted on the human mind through history and passed down through the generations.

Although some of Jung's work continues to be impactful in mainstream psychology today (he was the first to identify and distinguish extroversion and introversion, for example, and his work laid the foundation for the Briggs-Meyer personality test) and although there are still many devoted Jungians, his work, like Freud's has largely fallen out of favor within mainstream psychology, where it tends to be dismissed as akin to New Age mysticism.

Jungian analysis focuses primarily on dream interpretation and there are about 2,500 practicing Jungian analysts in the world today—about 10% of them working in Jung's native Switzerland.

Carl Jung died in Zurich at age 85 on June 6, 1961, sixty-one years ago today.

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#3637
ENHANCED TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE SUBJECTS OF THE LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS TO BE IMPLEMENTED BEGINNING MARCH 2023

The Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) informs the public that the Enhanced Table of Specification (TOS) for the subjects of the Licensure Examination for Professional Teachers (LEPT) issued by the Professional Regulatory Board for Professional Teachers and approved by the Commission under Board Resolution No. 11 (s.2022) will be applied beginning the March 2023 LEPT and onwards.

Consequently, all concerned graduates of Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) and Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSEd) are reminded of the following LEPT rules as provided under Board Resolution No. 15:

a) The following BEEd and BSEd graduates shall be allowed to take the September 2022 LEPT:

• Those who graduated in year 2020 or earlier under the old curriculum;
• Those who graduated in year 2021 onwards under the old curriculum;

b) The BEEd and BSEd graduates of year 2021 onwards and under the new curriculum shall not be eligible to take the September 2022 LEPT and are advised to apply in the next schedule of the LEPT starting year 2023;

c) The 2023 LEPT and its succeeding schedules shall be open to all BEEd and BSEd graduates, regardless of the year of their graduation. The graduates of BEEd and BSEd prior to the issuance of CHED Memorandum Order Nos. 74 and 75 and those who were affected by the Teacher Education Institutions' late implementation of the new curriculum are encouraged to take refresher course/s to bridge the gap in knowledge and learning outcomes between the old and the new curricula;

d) For graduates of equivalent baccalaureate courses with eighteen (18) units of education, only those who have taken or earned their eighteen (18) education units under the old curriculum shall be admitted to the September 2022 LEPT, while, those under the new curriculum shall be allowed to take the LEPT starting year 2023.

All concerned graduates are advised to strictly observe the foregoing rules in taking the LEPT to avoid any problem in transacting applications for licensure examinations.

For queries and concerns, please email Licensure Division at licensure.division@prc.gov.ph    and licensure.office@prc.gov.ph.

For updates on LEPT, you may check the PRC website at www.prc.gov.ph   and follow PRC official social media accounts at https://www.facebook.com/professionalregulationcommission    and https://twitter.com/PRC_main

End.

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#3638
New Automatic Water Level Control Valve no.1 in Philippines
(auto on, full water, auto off)
Advantages: Installation is suitable for all types of sinks, water tanks, and discharge systems.
- Applications: Automatically disconnect water for swimming pools, reservoirs, tanks, feeders for livestock, poultry ... and many other applications.
- Note: Use with booster pumps that automatically disconnect power or flows naturally. It cannot be used with manual electric pumps".
- Check the product before receiving.
- Warranty mode, 1 change 1 error
If interested, click this link https://www.buyphilip.online/vtd
Cash on delivery service

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#3639
Our understanding of reproductive biology has come a long way.

In ancient Greece shepherds believed that if animals mated while facing north, their offspring would be males. Even though Aristotle was way ahead of his time in the science of biology, he endorsed this belief, because it was consistent with his conclusion that the temperature at the time of mating determined the sex of offspring, and for some reason he thought temperatures were higher if the animals' backsides were facing south (the sunny side).

In Genesis there is a story about the shepherd Jacob who made a deal with his father-in-law that he (Jacob) would keep all the speckled and spotted offspring of the flocks as his wages. Jacob then placed strips of peeled sapling branches in the animals' watering trough, so that by looking at the strips while drinking the animals would have lambs and kids that were striped and speckled. There is no suggestion in the story that anything miraculous happened. It was just a case of Jacob being a clever shepherd.

These sorts of beliefs carried forward into the Middle Ages when it was believed that a pregnant woman's thoughts or experiences could imprint themselves on the unborn child. A child born with a strawberry-shaped birthmark was believed to be the result of the pregnant woman eating or craving strawberries, for example. Likewise, it was feared that a woman who was startled by a frog while pregnant might give birth to a child with webbed feet. A woman who stared too long at a portrait of Christ might give birth to a bearded child. A woman who looked at a drawing of a monster might give birth to a monstrous child. This notion of "maternal imagination" was not just folk beliefs, but was endorsed by scientists, philosophers, and physicians.

Because of the concern with "maternal imagination" pregnant women were encouraged to avoid attending public executions, or seeing anything gruesome, in order to protect the appearance of the baby. For unvirtuous women there was a potential benefit to maternal imagination—imagining one's husband while with one's lover would supposedly assure that any child resulting from the affair would favor the woman's husband.

No doubt we still have plenty to learn, but we've come a long way.

The images are a depiction of a London woman named Mary Toth giving birth in 1726 to a litter of rabbits after having become obsessed with rabbits during her pregnancy, and an illustration from a 1704 popular home medical book called "Aristotle's Masterpiece" (even though it was not authored by Aristotle) depicting "the effigies of a maid all hairy, and an infant that was black, by the imagination of their parents."

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#3640



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June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 218114
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. SALVADOR AYCARDO, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.[size=inherit][/size]


June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 215627
LUIS S. DOBLE, JR., PETITIONER, VS. ABB, INC./NITIN DESAI, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 216938
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, APPELLEE, VS. HENRY BENTAYO, APPELLANT.[size=inherit][/size]


June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 216063
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. MARLON SORIANO Y NARAG, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.[size=inherit][/size]


June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 209132
HEIRS OF TERESITA VILLANUEVA, SUBSTITUTED BY HER LEGAL HEIRS, NAMELY: ELSA ANA VILLANUEVA, LEONILA VILLANUEVA, TERESITA VILLANUEVA-SIPIN, FERDINAND VILLANUEVA, AND MARISSA VILLANUEVA-MADRIAGA, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF PETRONILA SYQUIA MENDOZA, REPRESENTED...[size=inherit][/size]


June 05, 2017
G.R. No. 204906
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH) SECRETARY SIMEON A. DATUMANONG; DPWH UNDERSECRETARY MANUEL M. BONOAN; DPWH CENTRAL OFFICE DIRECTOR IV CLARTTA A. BANDONILLO; DPWH REGION VI REGIONAL DIRECTOR WILFREDO AGUSTINO; DPWH ILOILO CITY DISTRICT ENGINE...[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
G.R. No. 205428
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH), PETITIONER, VS. SPOUSES SENANDO F. SALVADOR AND JOSEFIMA R. SALVADOR, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
G.R. No. 206008
DELFIN DOMINGO DADIS, PETITIONER, VS. SPOUSES MAGTANGGOL DE GUZMAN AND NORA Q. DE GUZMAN, AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF TALAVERA, NUEVA ECIJA, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
G.R. No. 204262
MARIO C. MADRIDEJOS, PETITIONER, VS. NYK-FIL SHIP MANAGEMENT, INC., RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
G.R. No. 210266
ANTHONY DE SILVA CRUZ, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
G.R. No. 220168
MARLOW NAVIGATION PHILIPPINES, INC./MARLOW NAVIGATION CO., LTD. AND/OR MS. EILEEN MORALES, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF RICARDO S. GANAL, GEMMA B. BORAGAY, FOR HER BEHALF AND IN BEHALF OF HER MINOR CHILDREN NAMED: RIGEM GANAL & IVAN CHARLES GANAL; AND CHARLES...[size=inherit][/size]


June 07, 2017
A.M. No. RTJ-16-2450 (Formerly A.M. No. 14-4324-RTJ)
PO1 MYRA S. MARCELO, COMPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE IGNACIO C. BARCILLANO, BRANCH 13, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT (RTC), LIGAO CITY, ALBAY, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 03, 2017
G.R. No. 206023
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. LORENA OMAPAS SALI, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 03, 2017
G.R. No. 197571
CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, PETITIONER, VS. CRISOSTOMO M. PLOPINIO, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 04, 2017
A.M. No. MTJ-17-1894 Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 11-2355-MTJ
ROGER RAPSING, COMPLAINANT, VS. JUDGE CARIDAD M. WALSE-LUTERO, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, BR. 34, QUEZON CITY AND CELESTINA D. ROTA, CLERK OF COURT III, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, BR. 34, QUE...[size=inherit][/size]


April 04, 2017
A.M. OCA.IPI No. 10-21-SB-J
IN RE: ALLEGED IMMORALITY AND UNEXPLAINED WEALTH OF SANDIGANBAYAN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE ROLAND B. JURADO AND CLERK OF COURT IV MONA LISA A. BUENCAMINO, METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, CALOOCAN CITY[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 203287
RENATO S.D. DOMINGO ON HIS OWN BEHALF AND ON BEHALF OF HIS CO-HEIRS OF THE LATE SPOUSES FELICIDAD DE DOMINGO AND MACARIO C. DOMINGO, PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES ENGRACIA D. SINGSON AND MANUEL F. SINGSON, RESPONDENTS. HEIRS OF SPOUSES FELICI...[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 200612
RAFAEL C. UY (CABANGBANG STORE), PETITIONER, V. ESTATE OF VIPA FERNANDEZ, RESPONDENT. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 222743
MEDICARD PHILIPPINES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 187342
ROBERT C. MARTINEZ, PETITIONER, VS. NOELS. BUEN, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 217617
CARMELITA T. BORLONGAN, PETITIONER, VS. BANCO DE ORO (FORMERLY EQUITABLE PCI BANK), RESPONDENT. ELISEO C. BORLONGAN, JR., PETITIONER, VS. BDO UNIBANK, INC. (FORMERLY EQUITABLE PCI BANK), RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 197358
BUTUAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (BDC), PETITIONER, VS. THE TWENTY-FIRST DIVISION OF THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS (MINDANAO STATION), MAX ARRIOLA, JR., DE ORO RESOURCES, INC. (DORI) AND LOUIE A. LIBARIOS, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 186603
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, DENR, REGION VI, ILOILO CITY, PETITIONER, VS. VALENTINA ESPINOSA, REGISTER OF DEEDS OF THE PROVINCE OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, LEONILA CALISTON, AND SPOUSES DIOSCORO & ESTRELLA ESCARDA...[size=inherit][/size]


April 05, 2017
G.R. No. 199894
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. CARLITO CLARO Y MAHINAY, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 217004
RAMON R. VILLARAMA, PETITIONER, VS. ATTY. CLODUALDO C. DE JESUS, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 181149*
CITY OF DAVAO, REPRESENTED BY RODRIGO R. DUTERTE, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CITY MAYOR, RIZALINA JUSTOL, IN HER CAPACITY AS THE CITY ACCOUNTANT, AND ATTY. WINDEL E. AVISADO, IN HIS CAPACITY AS CITY ADMINISTRATOR, PETITIONER, VS. ROBERT E. OLANOLAN, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 211287
LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. WEST BAY COLLEGES, INC., PBR MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION AND BCP TRADING CO., INC., RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 191353
ULTRA MAR AQUA RESOURCE, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT VICTOR B. PRIETO, PETITIONER, VS. FERMIDA CONSTRUCTION SERVICES, REPRESENTED BY ITS GENERAL MANAGER MYRNA T. RAMOS, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 207667
SPOUSES PROCESO O. PONTILLAS, JR. AND HELEN S. PONTILLAS, PETITIONERS, V. CARMEN OLIVARES VDA. DE PONTILLAS, RESPONDENT. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
A.M. No. 17-03-33-MCTC
RE: DROPPING FROM THE ROLLS OF ROWIE A. QUIMNO, UTILITY WORKER I, MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT OF IPIL - TUNGAWAN - ROSELLER T. LIM, LPIL, ZAMBOANGA SIBUGAY. RESOLUTION[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 186421*
ROBERTO P. FUENTES, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 218040
JUANITO VICTOR C. REMULLA, PETITIONER, VS. SANDIGANBAYAN (SECOND DIVISION) AND ERINEO S. MALIKSI, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 221153
CONCEPCION C. DAPLAS, CITY TREASURER, PASAY CITY, AND CONCURRENT OIC, REGIONAL DIRECTOR BUREAU OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE (BLGF) REGION VII, PETITIONER, VS. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, REPRESENTED BY TROY FRANCIS C. PIZARRO, JOSELITO F. FERNANDEZ, REYNALDO* L...[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 182582*
METROPOLITAN BANK & TRUST COMPANY, PETITIONER, VS. THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 208936
HERMA SHIPYARD, INC., AND MR. HERMINIO ESGUERRA, PETITIONERS, VS. DANILO OLIVEROS, JOJIT BESA, ARNEL SABAL, CAMILO OLIVEROS, ROBERT NARIO, FREDERICK CATIG, RICARDO ONTALAN, RUDEN DELGADO, SEGUNDO LABOSTA, EXEQUIEL OLIVERIA, OSCAR TIROL AND ROMEO TRINIDAD, ...[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 186717
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COUNCIL, PETITIONER, VS. JOCELYN I. BOLANTE, OWEN VINCENT D. BOLANTE, MA. CAROL D. BOLANTE, ALEJO LAMERA, CARMEN LAMERA, EDNA CONSTANTINO, ARIEL C. PANGANIBAN, KATHERINE G. BOMBEO, SAMUE...[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 210251
SECRETARY OF FINANCE CESAR V. PURISIMA AND COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE KIM S. JACINTO-HENARES, PETITIONERS, VS. PHILIPPINE TOBACCO INSTITUTE, INC., RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 17, 2017
G.R. No. 188269*
SUMIFRU (PHILIPPINES) CORPORATION (SURVIVING ENTITY IN A MERGER WITH DAVAO FRUITS CORPORATION AND OTHER COMPANIES), PETITIONER, VS. BERNABE BAYA, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 181284
LOLOY UNDURAN, BARANGAY CAPTAIN ROMEO PACANA, NESTOR MACAPAYAG, RUPERTO DOGIA, JIMMY TALINO, ERMELITO ANGEL, PETOY BESTO, VICTORINO ANGEL, RUEL BOLING, JERMY ANGEL, BERTING SULOD, RIO BESTO, BENDIJO SIMBALAN, AND MARK BRAZIL, PETITIONERS, VS. RAMON ABERAST...[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 227158
JOSEPH C. DIMAPILIS, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 220598
GLORIA MACAPAGAL­ARROYO, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE SANDIGANBAYAN, (FIRST DIVISION), RESPONDENTS. BENIGNO B. AGUAS, PETITIONER, VS. SANDIGANBAYAN (FIRST DIVISION), RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 207246
JOSE M. ROY III, PETITIONER, VS. CHAIRPERSON TERESITA HERBOSA,THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, AND PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY, RESPONDENTS. WILSON C. GAMBOA, JR., DANIEL V. CARTAGENA, JOHN WARREN P. GABINETE, ANTONIO V. PESINA, JR., ...[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 216538
DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, V. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, RESPONDENT. ALFREDO C. ANTONIO, RUBEN O. FRUTO AND CESAR M. DRILON, JR., PETITIONERS, V. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, RESPONDENT. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
A.M. No. RTJ-09-2212 (Formerly A.M. No. 09-11-446-RTC)
THE OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, COMPLAINANT, V. JUDGE JUSTINO G. AVENTURADO, RESPONDENT. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
A.C. No. 9209
NENITA DE GUZMAN FERGUSON, COMPLAINANT, ATTY. SALVADOR P. RAMOS, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 18, 2017
G.R. No. 214497
EDUARDO QUIMVEL Y BRAGA, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 208215
C.F. SHARP CREW MANAGEMENT, INC., NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE, LTD. AND/OR MR. JUAN JOSE ROCHA, PETITIONERS, VS. RHUDEL A. CASTILLO, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 189881
BACLARAN MARKETING CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. FERNANDO C. NIEVA AND MAMERTO SIBULO, JR., RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 201530
ASIATRUST DEVELOPMENT BANK, INC., PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, RESPONDENT. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. ASIATRUST DEVELOPMENT BANK, INC., RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 194533
PHILIPPINE STEEL COATING CORP., PETITIONER, VS. EDUARD QUIÑONES, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 202573
BANKARD, INC.,* PETITIONER, VS. LUZ P. ALARTE, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. NO. 185320
ROSENDO DE BORJA, PETITIONER, VS. PINALAKAS NA UGNAYAN NG MALILIIT NA MANGINGISDA NG LUZON, MINDANAO AT VISAYAS ("PUMALU-MV"), PAMBANSANG KATIPUNAN NG MGA SAMAHAN SA KANAYUNAN ("PKSK") AND TAMBUYOG DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INC. ("TDCI"), RESPONDENTS;REPUBLIC OF...[size=inherit][/size]


April 19, 2017
G.R. No. 164795
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April 24, 2017
G.R. No. 184262**
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April 24, 2017
G.R. No. 224764
BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER ALFREDO V. MISAJON, GROUP SUPERVISOR ROLANDO M. BALBIDO, AND EXAMINER REYNANTE DP. MARTIREZ, PETITIONERS, VS. LEPANTO CERAMICS, INC., RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 24, 2017
G.R. No. 189950*
BERNADETTE S. BILAG, ERLINDA BILAG-SANTILLAN, DIXON BILAG, REYNALDO B. SUELLO, HEIRS OF LOURDES S. BILAG, HEIRS OF LETICIA BILAG-HANAOKA, AND HEIRS OF NELLIE BILAG, PETITIONERS, VS. ESTELA AY-AY, ANDRES ACOP, JR., FELICITAS AP-AP, SERGIO AP-AP, JOHN NAPOLE...[size=inherit][/size]


April 24, 2017
G.R. No. 203492
PABLO AND PABLINA MARCELO-MENDOZA, PETITIONERS, VS. PEROXIDE PHILS., INC., HEREIN REPRESENTED BY ROBERT R. NAVERA, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 24, 2017
A.C. No. 8658
FRANCIS C. ARSENIO, COMPLAINANT, V. ATTY. JOHAN A. TABUZO, RESPONDENT. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 24, 2017
G.R. No. 205998
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April 25, 2017
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April 25, 2017
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SOUTHERN LUZON DRUG CORPORATION, PETITIONER, V. THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT, THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE WELFARE OF DISABLED PERSONS, THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, AND THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, RESPONDENTS. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 25, 2017
G.R. No. 202189
RODANTE F. GUYAMIN, LUCINIA F. GUYAMIN, AND EILEEN G. GATARIN, PETITIONERS, VS. JACINTO G. FLORES AND MAXIMO G. FLORES, REPRESENTED BY RAMON G. FLORES, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 25, 2017
G.R. No. 210032
DUTCH MOVERS, INC. CESAR LEE AND YOLANDA LEE, PETITIONERS, VS. EDILBERTO<1> LEQUIN, CHRISTOPHER R. SALVADOR, REYNALDO<2> L. SINGSING, AND RAFFY B. MASCARDO, RESPONDENTS.[size=inherit][/size]


April 25, 2017
G.R. No. 200204
SPOUSES ELVIRA ALCANTARA AND EDWIN ALCANTARA, PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES FLORANTE BELEN AND ZENAIDA ANANIAS, THE PROVINCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES OFFICER, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES, STA. CRUZ, LAGUNA, AND THE CITY ASSESSOR O...[size=inherit][/size]


April 25, 2017
G.R. No. 190432
ASIA BREWERY, INC. AND CHARLIE S. GO, PETITIONERS, VS. EQUITABLE PCI BANK (NOW BANCO DE ORO-EPCI, INC.) RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


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G.R. No. 202454
CALIFORNIA MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC., PETITIONER, VS. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM, INC., RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


April 26, 2017
G.R. No. 214925
JOHN LABSKY P. MAXIMO AND ROBERT M. PANGANIBAN, PETITIONERS, V. FRANCISCO Z. VILLAPANDO, JR. RESPONDENT. FRANCISCO Z. VILLAPANDO, JR. PETITIONER, V. MAKATI CITY PROSECUTION OFFICE, JOHN LABSKY P. MAXIMO AND ROBERT M. PA...[size=inherit][/size]


April 26, 2017
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April 26, 2017
G.R. No. 206168
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY RAW-AN POINT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, PETITIONER, V. SPOUSES DOLORES AND ABE LASMARIAS; AND COOPERATIVE BANK OF LANAO DEL NORTE, REPRESENTED BY THE BRANCH MANAGER, LAARNI ZALSOS, RESPONDENTS. DECISION[size=inherit][/size]


April 26, 2017
A.M. No. MTJ-16-1876 (Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 14-2668-MTJ)
JOCELYN MCLAREN, JUNARIO VILLAMAYOR, RESTITUTO BARLES, JANG JONG DAE, AMANDA TALIBONG, NOMER A. TALIBONG AND EMELYN FREJOLES, COMPLAINANTS, V. HONORABLE JACINTO C. GONZALES, PRESIDING JUDGE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN CITIES, BRANCH 2, OLONGAPO CITY, RESPONDE...[size=inherit][/size]


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G.R. No. 178467
SPS. CRISTINO & EDNA CARBONELL, PETITIONERS, VS. METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


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G.R. No. 205279
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April 26, 2017
G.R. No. 217872
ALLIANCE FOR THE FAMILY FOUNDATION, PHILIPPINES, INC. (ALFI) AND ATTY. MARIA CONCEPCION S. NOCHE, IN HER OWN BEHALF AND AS PRESIDENT OF ALFI, JOSE S. SANDEJAS, ROSIE B. LUISTRO, ELENITA S.A. SANDEJAS, EMILY R. LAWS, EILEEN Z. ARANETA, SALVACION C. MONTEIRO...[size=inherit][/size]


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G.R. No. 207776
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April 26, 2017
G.R. No. 212778
TEDDY CASTRO AND LAURO SEBASTIAN, PETITIONERS, V. PABLITO V. MENDOZA, SR., ON HIS BEHALF AND AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF RICARDO C. SANTOS, ARLENE C. MENDOZA, MARGIE AC DE LEON, NANCY S. REYES, MARITA PAGLINAWAN, NATIVIDAD C. MUNDA, MARILOU DE GUZMAN RAMOS, LEO...[size=inherit][/size]


April 26, 2017
G.R. No. 185565
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G.R. No. 225644
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G.R. No. 220785
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March 01, 2017
G.R. No. 213137
FLORDALIZA LLANES GRANDE, PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE NAUTICAL TRAINING COLLEGE, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


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A.M. No. P-17-3634 Formerly A.M. No. 16-04-94-RTC
OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, COMPLAINANT, VS. ENRIQUE I. ALFONSO, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 52, MANILA, RESPONDENT.[size=inherit][/size]


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PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ENRILE DONIO Y UNTALAN, ACCUSED-APPELLANT.[size=inherit][/size]


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March 06, 2017
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NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, PETITIONER, V. PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT OF BATAAN, SANGGUNIANG PANLALAWIGAN OF BATAAN, PASTOR B. VICHUACO (IN HIS OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS PROVINCIAL TREASURER OF BATAAN) AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF THE PROVINCE OF BATAAN, RESPONDENTS...[size=inherit][/size]


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JOAQUIN LU, PETITIONER, V. TIRSO ENOPIA, ROBERTO ABANES, ALEJANDRE BAGAS, SALVADOR BERNAL, SAMUEL CAHAYAG, ALEJANDRO CAMPUGAN, RUPERTO CERNA, JR., REYNALDO CERNA, PETER CERVANTES, LEONARDO CONDESTABLE, ROLANDO ESLOPOR, ROLLY FERNANDEZ, EDDIE FLORES, ROLAND...[size=inherit][/size]
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G.R. No. 213137
March 01, 2017
FLORDALIZA LLANES GRANDE, PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE NAUTICAL TRAINING COLLEGE, RESPONDENT.D E C I S I O N
PERALTA, J.:

Before us is a Petition for Review on Certiorari[1] under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court which seeks to annul and set aside the Amended Decision[2] dated November 7, 2013 and the Resolution dated June 25, 2014 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 125444. The CA reversed on reconsideration its Decision[3] dated March 27, 2013 affirming the Decision[4] of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC), Sixth Division, in NLRC Case No. LAC 08-002290-11 and the Decision[5] of the Labor Arbiter which held that petitioner did not voluntarily resign but was illegally dismissed by respondent.

The factual antecedents are as follows:

Respondent Philippine Nautical Training College, or PNTC, is a private entity engaged in the business of providing maritime training and education.[6] In 1988, respondent employed petitioner as Instructor for medical courses like Elementary First Aid and Medical Emergency.[7] In April 1998, she became the Course Director of the Safety Department.[8] Respondent was then principally engaged in providing maritime training for seafarers.[9]

In 2002, petitioner was appointed Course Director for the Training Department of respondent school. In November 2007, she resigned as she had to pursue graduate studies and carry on her plan to immigrate to Canada.[10]

In May 2009, petitioner was invited by respondent to resume teaching since it intended to offer BS Nursing and other courses for maritime training. In July 2009, petitioner was, again, employed by respondent as Director for Research and Course Department. As such, she was responsible for the development, revisions and execution of training programs.[11]

In September 2010, petitioner was given the additional post of Assistant Vice-President (VP) for Training Department. For the two positions she was holding, petitioner was given a salary of Thirty Thousand Pesos (P30,000.00) and an allowance in the amount of Twenty Thousand Pesos (P20,000.00).[12]

In February 2011, several employees of respondent's Registration Department, including the VP for Training Department were placed under preventive suspension in view of the anomalies in the enlistment of students.[13]

On March 1, 2011, the VP for Corporate Affairs, Frederick Pios (Pios), called petitioner for a meeting. Pios relayed to petitioner the message of PNTC's President, Atty. Hernani Fabia, for her to tender her resignation from the school in view of the discovery of anomalies in the Registration Department that reportedly involved her. Pios assured petitioner of absolution from the alleged anomalies if she would resign.[14]

Petitioner then prepared a resignation letter, signed it and filed it with the Office of the PNTC President. The respondent accomplished for her the necessary exit clearance.[15] The resignation letter[16] of petitioner reads:
Atty. Hernani Fabia
President
Philippine Nautical Training Institute

Sir,

This is to officially file my resignation effective March 2, 2011 as Director for Research and Course Development/AVP.

Thank you.


(Sgd) Flordaliza L. Grande
In the evening of the same date, petitioner, accompanied by counsel, filed a police blotter for a complaint for unjust vexation against Pios.[17] The police blotter reads in full:
"One (1) Flordaliza Grande y Llanes, 36yo, M, (sic) Asst. Vice Pres. For Training and Dir. For Research and Dev't came here in our office to lodge her [complaint] against Frederick G. Pios Vice Pres. Corporate Affairs.

NOC: UNJUST VEXATION

x x x x

Facts of the case:

On or about cited DTPO complainant was called by Ms. Luchi Banaag for meeting by Mr. Frederick G. Pios (suspect) at the office. Mr. Pios was telling her that there were some unfounded anomalies discovered and being attributed to her; complainant was shocked upon hearing the same. With this, he forced the complainant to file resignation from employment, and in return made her [assurance] to absolve from the said unfounded anomalies, complainant considering that she was being accused of unfounded anomalies, she was force (sic) to succumb to the order and execute her resignation letter immediately, and Mr. Pios (suspect) uttered that he was following orders from the President of PNTC Colleges, Hernani Fabia-President, as narrated by complainant."
;[18]
The next day, March 2, 2011, petitioner accompanied by counsel, filed a complaint for illegal dismissal[19] with prayer for reinstatement with full backwages, money claims, damages, and attorney's fees against respondent.[20]

In her position paper, petitioner alleged that she was forced to resign from her employment. On the other hand, respondent claimed that petitioner voluntarily resigned to evade the pending administrative charge against her.[21]

On July 29, 2011, Labor Arbiter (LA) Arthur L. Amansec rendered a Decision, the dispositive portion of which states:
WHEREFORE, judgment is hereby made finding the complainant's claim of forced resignation established by substantial evidence. Concomitantly, her resignation of March 1, 2011 is hereby declared null and void, and by way of restoring the
status quo, the respondent school is ordered to reinstate her to her former or substantially equivalent position without loss of seniority rights but without backwages. In case the complainant does not want to be reinstated, she may, upon her option, accept, in lieu of reinstatement, a separation pay amounting to P75,000.00 (her half month salary of P25,000.00 multiplied by three (3) years of service), plus ten percent (10%) thereof as attorney's fees.

Other claims are dismissed for lack of merit.

SO ORDERED.[22]
Thereafter, respondent elevated the case before the NLRC, Sixth Division. On February 29, 2012, the NLRC affirmed the Decision of the LA.

A motion for reconsideration was filed by respondent, but the same was denied by the NLRC on May 31, 2012.[23]

Aggrieved, respondent filed a petition for certiorari before the CA. In a Decision dated March 27, 2013, the CA affirmed the Decision of the NLRC. The fallo states:
>WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED. In view of the foregoing premises, the assailed Decision dated February 29, 2012 and Resolution dated May 31, 2012 of the National Labor Relations Commission in NLRC LAC No. 08-002290-11, are AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATION that Flordaliza L. Grande is GRANTED payment of backwages, computed from the time she was illegally dismissed on March 1, 2011 up to the time she is actually reinstated to her former or substantially equivalent position, and attorney's fees equivalent to 10% of the total monetary award.

SO ORDERED.[24]
A motion for reconsideration was filed by the respondent which was granted by the CA on November 7, 2013 and reversed its Decision dated March 27, 2013. The decretal portion of the Amended Decision states:
>WHEREFORE, the motion for reconsideration is GRANTED. The Court Decision dated March 27, 2013 is RECONSIDERED AND SET ASIDE. Accordingly, the complaint of respondent Flordaliza L. Grande is DISMISSED.

SO ORDERED.[25]
Hence, this petition, raising the following errors:

I

x x x The Court of Appeals seriously erred in issuing CONFLICTING DECISIONS (Decision dated 27 March 2013 and Amended Decision dated 7 November 2013) composed by the same set of Division Members although the Motion for Reconsideration filed by the private respondent did not present new arguments and/or facts (rather merely reiterating the arguments in the Petition for Certiorari) warranting a re-examination and re-evaluation of its earlier Decision.


II

x x x The Court of Appeals seriously erred in considering the Petition for Certiorari filed by the private respondents despite the absence of any grave abuse of discretion on the part of the Labor Arbiter a quo and NLRC, Sixth Division.[26]
In the petition, petitioner averred that respondent did not present any new argument in its motion for reconsideration before the CA as to warrant the reversal of the Decision of the CA dated March 27, 2013. She stressed that she had no real intention of leaving her employment. She was really surprised and shocked when she was forced to resign despite having "wholeheartedly" served the school for years. Her resignation letter which she described as "simply worded" signified her involuntariness in the execution of the document. It was the "undue influence and pressure" exerted upon her by respondent that compelled her to submit the resignation letter. That was the reason why she immediately filed the case for illegal dismissal the day after she tendered her resignation letter. Also, petitioner attached in her petition the Special Cash Audit Report dated March 11, 2011[27] which was the result of the audit conducted on the PNTC upon its request. The report shows that it is the VP for Training/Registrar who was made to account for the irregularity in the collection reports.

In the Comment[28] of respondent to the petition, it maintained that petitioner voluntarily resigned from employment. As her resignation was voluntary, she was not dismissed from her employment. According to respondent, the acts of petitioner - the resignation, the blotter with the police, the continued processing of clearance the day after the resignation and the filing of the illegal dismissal case - showed that she used "calculated reasoning to protect herself from possible charges that PNTC may file against her." Respondent added that, notwithstanding the absence of liability of petitioner in the Special Cash Audit Report, it filed criminal complaints against petitioner.

In the Comment[29] of petitioner to Respondent's Motion to Admit Rejoinder with Rejoinder, she countered that the two complaints filed against her before the Prosecutor's Office by respondent were both dismissed. She reiterated that she had been consistent in all her pleadings that her clearance was processed on the very day that she tendered her resignation letter, and did not extend the day after, since she was then with the NLRC for the filing of the instant complaint.

We grant the petition.

It is well settled that in labor cases, the factual findings of the NLRC are accorded respect and even finality by this Court when they coincide with those of the LA and are supported by substantial evidence.[30]

In the same vein, factual findings of the CA are generally not subject to this Court's review under Rule 45. However, the general rule on the conclusiveness of the factual findings of the CA is also subject to well-recognized exceptions such as where the CA's findings of facts contradict those of the lower court, or the administrative bodies, as in this case. All these considered, we are compelled to make a further calibration of the evidence at hand.[31]

Respondent claimed that petitioner voluntarily resigned from employment. For the resignation of an employee to be a viable defense in an action for illegal dismissal, an employer must prove that the resignation was voluntary, and its evidence thereon must be clear, positive and convincing. The employer cannot rely on the weakness of the employee's evidence.[32]

Quite notable in the instant case is the fact that respondent was silent as to the alleged meeting with petitioner on March 1, 2011. As in fact, as found by the LA and the NLRC, "neither Pios nor Fabia came forth through an Affidavit to deny" the meeting.[33] All that respondent could say is that on March 1, 2011, petitioner "suddenly and without reason tendered her resignation". And that, respondent then became suspicious of the "abruptness" of the resignation, such that, it conducted an investigation and discovered that petitioner was the one who signed the Enrollment Report, submitted to the Maritime Training Council, which contained names of students who were not officially enrolled with the school.[34]

From the aforesaid statement of respondent, it can be deduced that on March 1, 2011, when petitioner "suddenly" resigned, there was no discovery yet as to the alleged anomaly involving petitioner. This is quite contrary to the statements of respondent in its Comment to the petition, thus:
12.7. The action of
Grande was premeditated. There was no threat employed upon her. Prior to her resignation, PNTC found out that there were discrepancies in the enrollment reports signed by Grande and the system database of PNTC as to the list of enrollees. Likewise, there were enrollment reports signed by GRANDE stating that her husband, Nelson Grande, was the assigned professor to a particular course when the latter was, actually, abroad. When confronted with these discrepancies, GRANDE resigned from work and even filed a complaint for unjust vexation apparently to avoid any legal suit to be filed by PNTC against her and to cover up for her misdeeds and that of her husband, x x x.[35]
There was, therefore, an admission by respondent that a confrontation occurred before petitioner "suddenly" tendered her resignation. And that, it was not true that respondent became "suspicious" of the "abruptness" in the resignation which prompted the respondent to conduct an investigation.

Also, quite interesting is the statement of respondent that it was in February 2011 when it discovered that there were questionable transactions involving registration of enrollees, and that respondent found that aside from the employees in the Registration Department, there were also high-ranking officers who were probably involved in the anomalous transaction. And according to respondent, they then discreetly started an investigation on the possible involvement of the officers.[36] If these were true, why did respondent immediately granted clearance to petitioner in a day, if there was then an ongoing investigation on the involvement of high-ranking officers. We should not disregard the fact that petitioner is the Assistant Vice-President for the Training Department.

We do not, therefore, believe the statement of respondent in its comment to the petition that it had no reason to deny clearance to petitioner because the investigation was still ongoing, thus:
12.4. The clearance obtained by GRANDE is of no moment. At the time GRANDE resigned and obtained her clearance, the investigation as to those who are liable for the anomalous activities was still ongoing. x x
x[37]
As observed by the NLRC, if petitioner was being investigated for an administrative charge, why was she cleared from liabilities. The more logical thing to do is to hold her clearance until all the liabilities have been settled. The haste by which she was cleared by all departments would reveal that respondent really wanted petitioner to go. And it was even admitted by respondent that petitioner still had accountabilities in terms of borrowed books.[38] Why was then petitioner cleared? The logical answer is respondent really wanted petitioner to go.

Hence, We echo the ruling of the CA in its Decision dated March 27, 2013:
x x x. Not a scintilla of evidence was adduced to convinced the labor tribunal that respondent was not illegally terminated. While petitioner argued that the excerpt on the conversation which transpired between respondent and Pios is untrue, this however, was not effectively refuted.
The failure of Pios or Fabia to submit an affidavit to disprove that a conversation had actually taken place is fatal, for the burden to prove the fact of resignation lies with the employer.

x x x x

It is also worthy to note that after respondent tendered her resignation, petitioner immediately approved her clearance form. This is totally incompatible with petitioner's claim that respondent was one of the high-ranking officials who may have participated in the anomalies at school. The more logical and acceptable approach would have been to hold respondent's clearance until she has settled her accountability with the company.[39]
Resignation is the voluntary act of an employee who is in a situation where one believes that personal, reasons cannot be sacrificed in favor of the exigency of the service, and has no other choice but to dissociate from employment. Resignation is a formal pronouncement or relinquishment of an office, and must be made with the intention of relinquishing the office accompanied by the act of relinquishment. A resignation must be unconditional and with the intent to operate as such.[40]

In voluntary resignation, the employee is compelled by personal reason(s) to disassociate himself from employment. It is done with the intention of relinquishing an office, accompanied by the act of abandonment. To determine whether the employee indeed intended to relinquish such employment, the act of the employee before and after the alleged resignation must be considered.[41]

We concur with the findings of the NLRC that the acts of petitioner before and after she tendered her resignation would show that undue force was exerted upon petitioner: (1) the resignation letter of petitioner was terse and curt, giving the impression that it was hurriedly and grudgingly written; (2) she was in the thick of preparation for an upcoming visit and inspection from the Maritime Training Council; it was also around that time that she had just requested for the acquisition of textbooks and teaching aids, a fact which is incongruent with her sudden resignation from work;[42] (3) in the evening, she filed an incident report/police blotter before the Intramuros Police Station; and (4) the following day she filed a complaint for illegal dismissal.

In order to withstand the test of validity, resignations must be made voluntarily and with the intention of relinquishing the office, coupled with an act of relinquishment. Therefore, in order to determine whether the employees truly intended to resign from their respective posts, we must take into consideration the totality of circumstances in each particular case.[43]

We emphasize that petitioner filed her complaint against the respondent in the NLRC the day after she tendered her resignation. Indeed, voluntary resignation is difficult to reconcile with the filing of a complaint for illegal dismissal. The filing of the complaint belies respondent's claim that petitioner voluntarily resigned. As held by this Court in Valdez v. NLRC[44] which was reiterated in the case of Fungo v. Lourdes School of Mandaluyong:[45]
x x x It would have been illogical for herein petitioner to resign and then file a complaint for illegal dismissal. Resignation is inconsistent with the filing of the said complaint
.[46]
Petitioner's intention to leave the school, as well as her act of relinquishment, is not present in the instant case. On the contrary, she vigorously pursued her complaint against respondent. It is a clear manifestation that she had no intention of relinquishing her employment.[47] The element of voluntariness in petitioner's resignation is, therefore, missing.[48]

By vigorously pursuing the litigation of her action against respondent, petitioner clearly manifested that she has no intention of relinquishing her employment, which act is wholly incompatible to respondent's assertion that she voluntarily resigned.[49]

In termination cases, burden of proof rests upon the employer to show that the dismissal is for a just and valid cause, and failure to do so would necessarily mean that the dismissal was illegal. In Mobile Protective & Detective Agency v. Ompad,[50] We ruled that should the employer interpose the defense of resignation, it is incumbent upon the employer to prove that the employee voluntarily resigned.[51] On this point, respondent failed to discharge the burden.

In its Amended Decision, the CA did not believe that a conversation took place between petitioner and Pios, the excerpt of which is hereunder reproduced:
"
;Pios: Flor, do you have any idea on why I need to talk to you now? Actually, yung mga nangyayaring gayon, medyo nainvolve ka eh.
Grande: Ako, may involvement sa nangyayari? Well, direct me to the point.

Pios: I was talked by [sic]Atty. Fabia and gave me instructions to talk to you and ask you to resign.
Grande: For what reasons?

Pios: Ok, sabihin ko na sa yo, it came to our knowledge that you went to the office of Ricky Ty and asked for a legal advice on what was [sic] happened to Nita.
Grande: Haah! What di totoo yan!

Pios: Well unang nakarating sa amin na balita, and you are even asking Ricky Ty for an employment.
Grande: That's a big lie. Actually red, kilala mo ba ako talaga? Why do I need to seek legal assistance to [sic] other people eh samantalang I have a sister and a nephew who are lawyers? That is not fair. Halatang ploy mo ito sa akin para idawit mo ako sa nangyayari kay Mam Nitz!

Pios: Well, madami pa kasing lumutang na resulta sa investigation. Like this one (showing an Enrollment List Form). Is this your signature?
Grande: O. why?

Pios: Kais [sic] it was noticed that your husband's name was declared here as Instructor for Basic Safety Course. Eh nag check kami ng records sa accounting, the inclusive dates declared eh on board mister mo.
Grande: Hala, buti pa kayo alam nyo ung schedule ng mister ko. Hindi mo kasi alam kung pano ang reporting nyan. Ang ginagawang registration they have to out [sic] a name on that Instructor and Assessor portion ung name ng taong declared officially sa maritime Training Council. Eh wala na sila na malagay na pangalan ng qualified and accredited instructor, that is why nilagay pangalan nya. Hay naku, lahat ng training center ganyan gawa and dating ginagawang PNTI yan due to lack of qualified Instructor. Kung tutuusin nga eh, dapat binayaran nyo pa si Nelson kasi ginagamit ninyo pangalan nya kahit di nya alam. Actually, we did a favor for the company, kulang kayo sa Qualified Instructor eh, so kami na gagawa ng paraan para may ma-declare na Instructor.

Pios: Yeah, we have checked on accounting, di naman sya nabayaran sa ganyan period. Saka I understand what you are trying to say, na iintindihan ko ang proseso.
Grande: Kaya nga Red eh, ang dami nyong accusations sa akin and yet, wala kayang [sic] mapakitang evidence.

Pios: Saka why did you sign?
Grande: Ha? Syempre, wala si Mam Nitz. Saka nag forge ba ako ng pirma ni Mam Nitz? Di ba nakalagay dyan for? Saka ako ang next in line na pipirma pag wala sya. Kelangan ngi—submit ang form sa MTC.

Pios: Another thing Flor, dib a [sic] may na send sa yong text si Nita regarding sa text ni Leah Fabia, na she is not putting her weight around para mapaalis ka dito. Kaso di nya talaga gusto na nandito ka.
Grande: Well, that's not my problem anymore, kayo ang kumontak sa akin then all of a sudden ganyan nyo ako. Tell me honestly, influence ni Leah Fabia itong usapan natin noh?

Pios: No, it was Atty. Fabia who wants it.
Grande: You don't know what you are talking about. It's not fair to me to get this kind of treatment.

Pios: Kaya nga Flor eh, there is no point of staying. Mabait pa nga ako say o [sic] eh, coz I believe in you, kaya lang Flor, utos ng Management eh. Alam mo naman na okay naman tayo, maski ako, di ko gusto itong sinasabi ko say o [sic], kaso I have to obey. I just want to carry out the order.[52]
However, the CA relied on the said conversation excerpt to show that no threat or force was exerted by respondent on petitioner for her to resign from employment, thus:
It is unfathomable how respondent could actually recount every word that was said by her and Pios. To be able to quote such a detailed conversation that was not even recorded or transcribed is absurd, to say the least. As memory is, most often than not, fleeting and momentary, evidentiary weight cannot as easily be accorded to it.

x x x x

Again, even assuming that the quoted conversation actually took place, no indication of threat or force can be adduced from the language used by Pios. He did not even warn respondent that she will be terminated if she refused to resign. Quite telling, the conversation between Pios and respondent may well be regarded as a discussion on the irregularities that took place in the company rather than a confrontation to force respondent to resign. There was no clear act of discrimination, insensibility or disdain on the part of Pios so as to force respondent to resign and sever her employment from the company, x x x.

Respondent's eventual act of resigning and thereafter causing the matter to be recorded in the police blotter are appreciated as a well thought-out plan carried out in order to preempt the investigation conducted by petitioner. In fact, right after she tendered her resignation, respondent wasted no time in obtaining a clearance from the different offices of petitioner which left the latter with no sufficient time to verify if she had a hand in the illegal schemes.[53]
We are not persuaded by the reasoning of the CA. While indeed there was no employment of force from the language used by Pios, We are convinced that there was the presence of undue influence exerted on petitioner for her to leave her employment. The conversation showed that respondent wanted to terminate petitioner's employment but would want it to appear that she voluntarily resigned. Undue influence is defined under Article 1337 of the Civil Code, thus:
Art. 1337. There is undue influence when a person takes improper advantage of his power over the will of another, depriving the latter of a reasonable freedom of choice. The following circumstances shall be considered; the confidential, family, spiritual, and other relations between the parties, or the fact that the person alleged to have been unduly influenced was suffering from mental weakness, or was ignorant or in financial distress.[54]
As correctly observed by the LA, petitioner's resignation immediately tendered after the conversation is not voluntary. With an order coming from the President of PNTC, no less, undue influence and pressure was exerted upon petitioner.

Petitioner declared in her petition that she "felt lambasted" when she was told about the order of PNTC President for her to resign considering her exemplary performance in the school. She narrated that when she returned to the school in July 2009 as Director for Research and Course Department, the offered courses of the school rose from 29 to 48 courses. As in fact in 2010, she was offered the position of Assistant Vice-President for Training Department.[55] These statements of petitioner were not disputed by respondent in its comment to the petition.

Indeed, it is very unlikely that petitioner who was in the thick of preparation for an upcoming visit and inspection from the Maritime Training Council and who had just requested for the acquisition of textbooks and teaching aids, and had just submitted a Master Plan to the corporate officers would simply resign voluntarily. She was in the process of compiling the necessary documents and library holdings for submission to the Maritime Training Council. Clearly, her consent was vitiated.[56]

It must be noted that she was not among those preventively suspended in February 2011, which include the Vice-President for Training, in view of the ongoing investigation in the Registration Department. We, therefore, believe that petitioner felt the undue pressure exerted on her to resign from employment despite her "exemplary performance" and having served the school for years. We agree with petitioner that she was then without "proper discernment" when she prepared the one-liner resignation letter.

Also, as a sign that respondent really wanted petitioner to go is the fact that the former immediately issued the latter her clearance showing the signatures from different departments of the school.[57] If petitioner was being investigated for an administrative charge, why was she cleared from liabilities.

In administrative proceedings, the quantum of proof required is substantial evidence, which is more than a mere scintilla of evidence, but such amount of relevant evidence which a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to justify a conclusion. The Court of Appeals may review the factual findings of the NLRC and reverse its ruling if it finds that the decision of the NLRC lacks substantial basis.[58]

In the case at bar, petitioner's letter of resignation and the circumstances antecedent and contemporaneous to the filing of the complaint for illegal dismissal are substantial proof of petitioner's involuntary resignation. Taken together, the above circumstances are substantial proof that petitioner's resignation was voluntary.

Factual findings of labor officials who are deemed to have acquired expertise in matters within their respective jurisdictions are generally accorded not only respect, but even finality, and are binding on the Us. Verily, their conclusions are accorded great weight upon appeal, especially when supported by substantial evidence. Consequently, We are not duty-bound to delve into the accuracy of their factual findings, in the absence of a clear showing that the same were arbitrary and bereft of any rational basis.[59] Accordingly, the finding of illegal dismissal by both the LA and the NLRC, as affirmed by the CA in its Decision dated March 27, 2013, must be upheld.

We reiterate that it is axiomatic in labor law that the employer who interposes the defense of voluntary resignation of the employee in an illegal dismissal case must prove by clear, positive and convincing evidence that the resignation was voluntary; and that the employer cannot rely on the weakness of the defense of the employee. The requirement rests on the need to resolve any doubt in favor of the working man.[60]

Furthermore, in an illegal dismissal case, the onus probandi rests on the employer to prove that the dismissal of an employee is for a valid cause. Having based its defense on resignation, it is incumbent upon respondent, as employer, to prove that petitioner voluntarily resigned. From the totality of circumstances and the evidence on record, it is clear that respondent failed to discharge its burden. We have held that if the evidence presented by the employer and the employee are in equipoise, the scales of justice must be tilted in favor of the latter.[61]

Under Article 279 of the Labor Code, an employee unjustly dismissed from work is entitled to reinstatement and backwages, among others. Reinstatement restores the employee who was unjustly dismissed to the position from which he was removed, that is, to his status quo ante dismissal, while the grant of backwages allows the same employee to recover from the employer that which he had lost by way of wages as a result of his dismissal. These twin remedies - reinstatement and payment of backwages — make the dismissed employee whole who can then look forward to continued employment. Thus, do these two remedies give meaning and substance to the constitutional right of labor to security of tenure.[62] Petitioner is, therefore, entitled to reinstatement with full backwages.

WHEREFORE, the Petition for Review on Certiorari is hereby GRANTED. The assailed Amended Decision dated November 7, 2013 and Resolution dated June 25, 2014 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 125444, respectively, are hereby SET ASIDE. The Decision dated February 29, 2012 and Resolution dated May 31, 2012 of the National Labor Relations Commission in NLRC Case No. LAC 08-002290-11 are AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION that Flordaliza L. Grande is GRANTED payment of backwages, computed from the time she was illegally dismissed on March 1, 2011 up to the time she is actually reinstated to her former or substantially equivalent position, and attorney's fees equivalent to 10% of the total monetary award. Legal interest shall be computed at the rate of six percent (6%) per annum of the total monetary award from date of finality of this Decision until full satisfaction

SO ORDERED.

Carpio, (Chairperson), Mendoza, and Jardeleza, JJ., concur.
Leonen, J., on official leave.
#3641
Philippine Laws / Gruindrod vs Hermanos
June 06, 2022, 05:45:41 AM
G.R. No. 989, November 28, 1902
JOHN GRUINDROD, PLAINTIFF AND APPELLANT, VS.

LIZARRAGA HERMANOS, DEFENDANT AND APPELLEE.

D E C I S I O N
WILLARD, J.:

This is a motion to dismiss the bill of exceptions on the ground, among others, that the resolution excepted to is not a final judgment.

Article 123 of the Code of Civil Procedure is as follows:

"No interlocutory or incidental ruling, order, or judgment of the Court of First Instance shall stay the progress of an action or proceeding therein pending, but only such ruling, order, or judgment as finally determines the action or proceeding; nor shall any ruling, order, or judgment be the subject of appeal to the Supreme Court until final judgment is rendered for one party or the other."

Article 143 says: "Upon the rendition of final judgment disposing of the action, either party shall have the right to perfect a bill of exceptions."

The resolution excepted to orders: "That the judgment of the said Superior Provost Court in this case be set aside and that the action be placed on the calendar of the Court of First Instance of Iloilo for a new trial." This determination, so far from finally disposing of the case, expressly held that there had been no final judgment therein, and retained it for a new trial. (Francisco M. Go-Quico vs. Municipal Board of Manila.)

The motion is granted and the bill of exceptions dismissed, with costs against the appellant. It is so ordered,

Arellano, C. J., Cooper, Torres, Smith, Mapa, and Ladd, JJ., concur.

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#3642
As more areas are planted to quality hybrid and inbred rice varieties with optimum levels of fertilizer application, attaining self-sufficiency in the country's main staple is within reach.

Agriculture Secretary William D. Dar said that during the last three years of the Duterte administration, the Department of Agriculture (DA) has successfully implemented the Philippine Integrated Rice Program (PIRD) that saw a substantial increase in both the hectarage and average yield per hectare of both hybrid and inbred rice.

"Spanning six plantings, from wet season (WS) 2019 to dry season (DS) 2021-2022, we produced more rice from hybrids and inbreds, as area planted to hybrids peaked at 1.26 million (M) hectares (ha) in WS 2021 and DS 2021-2022, and 2.89 M ha for inbreds in WS 2019 and 2019-2020 DS," said the DA chief.

Full story: https://www.da.gov.ph/100-rice-sufficiency-within-reach/

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#3643
English Dictionary / Meaning of Abecedarian
June 05, 2022, 06:55:42 PM
abe·ce·dar·i·an /⁠ˌābē(ˌ)sē'da(a)rēən⁠/ noun -s
Etymology: abecedary + -an,
Etymology: n. suffix
1 : one that is learning the rudiments of something (as the alphabet)
2 archaic : one that teaches the alphabet and the rudiments of learning
3 cap : one of a 16th century Anabaptist sect that despised human learning on the ground that the illiterate needed no more than the guidance of the Holy Spirit to interpret Scripture

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#3644
Science and Research / Ugly Face of Tilapia
June 05, 2022, 06:26:27 PM
By Manny Piñol
Mukhang Marites?

Ugly-Looking Tilapia
Hope Of Fish Farming

The photo of an ugly Tilapia with spouting lips which I attached to a post yesterday on Hybrid Tilapia production earned some of the funniest comments I've read in this page.

"Mukhang Marites," said one follower using a street slang for people who love to gossip.

Still another follower said: "Kung ganyan kapangit ang Tilapia, hindi na ako kakain."

I could not stop laughing poring over the funny comments.

Well, people who disliked the appearance of the Tilapia in the photo should be relieved to know that the Hybrid Tilapia that Fil-Am farmer/scientist Rocky French will breed will not be that ugly.

That ugly Tilapia, in fact, will improve the quality of fish when crossed to other species.

It is called "Hornorum Wami" Tilapia which is prized by many breeders in improving fish genetics.

Here is a literature on Hornorum Wami Tilapia I downloaded from a fisheries website.

"Oreochromis urolepis hornorum
Wami tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis hornorum) is a great choice for farmers wishing to utilize brackish environments, since this species can be grown in both fresh water and brackish water.

"Wami tilapia does not grow as rapidly as the famous Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), but it is much more salt tolerant than Nile tilapia and can therefore make it possible to utilize environments where most other types of tilapia would not thrive. It is also a great choice for farmers that wish to grow tilapia together with animals that need brackish conditions to thrive.

"Within the tilapia farming business, Oreochromis urolepis hornorum is an important contributor of genetic material for the production of hybrids. When Wami tilapia is crossed with Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) the resulting batch will normally contain a very low degree of female fish or no females at all.

"This is an appreciated trait, since many farmers prefer to raise male tilapia only to avoid uncontrolled reproduction in their growing units."

Rocky French's expertise and long experience in fish breeding will definitely help the country improve its Tilapia genetics.

#MagicOfGenetics!

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#3645
Science and Research / Nikola Tesla Prediction
June 05, 2022, 10:47:25 AM
Asked how it felt to be so far ahead of his time that he was subject to attacks upon his sanity, Dr. Tesla smiled and said that he has long since ceased to regard it as important.

"I live a life of seclusion. The opinion of the world does not affect me. I have placed as the real values in my life what follows after I am dead, although it has been given to me to live to see those things which were once scouted accepted as scientific dogmas.

The thing that recompenses me is that my name shall be known to generations yet unborn for the Tesla Coil, Tesla Motor, and perhaps my name will be connected to the absolutely new source of power I am about to present to the world. It is this thought in which I find happiness and health. A pioneer does not apply his energies in the way the world is going. Rather he goes against the current. He lets them call him a lunatic. He lets them trample him—if I should every tell you the inside story of how I had been trampled—but never mind, it was all good for me. I have come through it. I am able to work harder than I worked a year ago. I work now with greater energy and get results more easily than ever before in my life.

...After all, they have called me a lunatic before. What is one last time?"

–Nikola Tesla

"Tesla Predicts New Source of Power In Year." New York Herald Tribune. July 9, 1933.

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#3646
May 30, 1839: Ellen Franz, Baroness von Heldburg, was born in Naumburg. A German pianist and actress, she married Duke Georg II of Saxe-Meiningen in 1873. Because of her bourgeois origin, the Duke ennobled her shortly before their marriage, but she never held the title of Duchess as the marriage was morgantic. Together with the director Ludwig Chronegk, they established the "Meiningen Principles", a profound reform in theatrical practice, and created what would become the world-famous Meiningen Ensemble.

https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/ellen-franz-baroness-von-heldburg/

#EllenFranz #BaronessvonHeldburg #SaxeMeiningen #TodayInHistory

[Portrait by Oskar Begas]

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#3647
June 3, 1877: Sophie of Württemberg, Queen of the Netherlands, died at Huis ten Bosch in The Hague, aged fifty-eight. Born at Ludwigsburg Palace near Stuttgart to King William I and Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, she married her first cousin, the future King Willem III of the Netherlands, in 1839, and it was pretty much a disaster from the beginning. Intellectual and inclined to more cerebral activities, she was severely disliked by her mother-in-law (who was also her aunt), and she had no problem making public declarations that her husband was unfit to be King. On the plus side, she protected and stimulated the arts and supported several charities including animal protection and construction of public parks.

https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/sophie-of-wurttemburg/princesses-orange-sophie-wurttemberg/

#SophieofWürttemberg #Netherlands #ThisDayInHistory

[Portrait by Winterhalter]

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#3648
History / Saint Cecilia by Artemisia Gentileschi
June 05, 2022, 08:57:39 AM
Artemisia Gentileschi (Italian painter) 1593 - 1652
Saint Cecilia, ca. 1630-38
oil on canvas
76 x 63 cm. (29.87 x 24.75 in.)
private collection
photo Christie's

Catalogue Note Christie's
This vibrant Saint Cecilia, a recent rediscovery, dates from Artemisia Gentileschi's first Neapolitan period, which lasted form 1630 until 1638. Prior to this, she had been in Venice, where she had held a central place in the cultural life of the city as a member of Accademia dei Desiosi, an informal literary academy. Artemisia was forced to leave Venice abruptly in 1630, almost certainly to escape the plague then devastating northern Italy. It is likely that she moved to Naples at the invitation of Fernando Afán de Ribera, 3rd Duke of Alcalá (1583-1637), then Viceroy of the city, with whom she had forged close ties whilst in Rome.

Artemisia's paintings had begun to show a greater sense of dramatic passion and movement during her Venetian period. This carried through into her Neapolitan works, as seen in Saint Cecilia with the gauzy swirl around the Saint's shoulders and strong intersecting diagonals created by the bold colors within the composition. The comparison with Artemisia's painting of the same subject that dates to circa 1620 (Galleria Spada, Rome), a solid and very vertically conceived depiction of the subject, is striking in this regard, highlighting the artist's ever growing freedom of expression. Her paintings at this date also began to display a more pronounced realism, the trait that had come to be so highly prized by Neapolitan and Spanish patrons in the work of Jusepe de Ribera and Diego Velázquez. As Giuseppe Porzio notes (op. cit. p. 114), the present painting, in its composition, precocious coloration and theatricality, closely resembles Ribera's Saint Lucy of 1637 (Private collection, Madrid), though we cannot know which of the two was painted first.

Early in her career, Artemisia had established a reputation for portraying strong female protagonists, such as Judith, Lucretia, Bathsheba and Susannah. Saint Cecilia, for all her apparent gentleness, was no less firm willed than these Old Testament heroines. According to the late fifth-century legend, she was the daughter of a Roman nobleman, who at a young age had made a vow of virginity to God. Against her will, she was married to Valerian, who, when she told him of her promise of chastity, promised to respect this vow if he were able to see the angel to whom she had made it. Cecilia instructed him to go and be baptized, and on Valerian's return he found her conversing with the angel. Cecilia was condemned to be burned to death for her beliefs by the prefect Almachius, but the flames did her no harm and her captors were forced to behead her.

Cecilia later became the patron saint of music and musicians because, according to tradition, she sang in her heart to the Lord throughout her pagan wedding feast. For this reason she is often pictured with, or playing an instrument, most commonly an organ as in the present painting. In her Saint Cecilia of circa 1620, Artemisia had depicted the Saint in a bold yellow dress playing a lute; there the instrument was the only attribute of the Saint that the artist chose to include. However, in this Neapolitan conception of the subject, the highlighted attribute is the crown of flowers held aloft by the Saint. The inclusion of a crown of roses and lilies is common in depictions of Cecilia; she and Valerian were supposedly each presented with one by the angel on Valerian's return from his baptism, yet here Artemisia plays with the trope in an unusual manner by having Cecilia hold rather than wear the flowers. In the legend, the flower crowns were only visible to the faithful, and so it is likely that the artist, by manipulating the common placement of the roses and giving them such prominence within her composition, was highlighting the piety of the patron who had commissioned the work.

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Artemisia Gentileschi, the daughter of Orazio Gentileschi (1563-1639) was one of the greatest of Caravaggesque painters and a formidable personality. She was precociously gifted, built up a European reputation, and lived a life of independence rare for a woman of the time. Born in Rome, she worked mainly there and in Florence until she settled in Naples in 1630 (she also visited her father in England in 1638-40).

In 1610 she painted her first extant signed and dated work, Susanna and the Elders. In February or early March 1612, Agostino Tassi, employed as Artemisia's perspective teacher, was accused of raping her and subsequently tried and imprisoned. In July Orazio wrote to the Grand Duchess of Tuscany vaunting Artemisia's artistic prowess and requesting the enforcement of Tassi's sentence. Perhaps to mitigate her plight, at the end of that year she married the Florentine Pierantonio Stiattesi, left Rome and moved to the Tuscan capital.

The dating of some of her most celebrated early paintings remains controversial. These include Judith Beheading Holofernes (Naples and its later variant in the Uffizi, Florence), a response to Caravaggio's canonical interpretation of the subject, Lucretia (Pagano Collection, Genoa) and Judith and her Maidservant (Galleria Palatina, Florence). Artemisia signed herself Lomi, her father's real surname, on Florentine works such as Gael and Sisera (1620, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest). Highly regarded, she joined the Accademia del Disegno in 1616 as its first female member. Baldinucci's brief biography describes her prolific activity as a portraitist, though few examples have survived.

In 1620 she wrote to Cosimo II de' Medici informing him of a proposed trip to Rome and is documented there in 1621 and again between 1622 and 1626. By 1627 she was in Venice but later moved to Naples where she signed her earliest securely datable Neapolitan work, the Annunciation (1630, Museo di Capodimonte, Naples). It seems she lived there until her death, except for a sojourn in England in 1638 to assist her elderly father.

Source: Web Gallery of Art

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#3649
By Filipino Historian
1872 has been a landmark year in Filipino history. One more event believed to have taken place during this year is the birth of General Mateo Noriel Luga, an Ibanag revolutionary leader who was native of Isabela. Some sources indicate that he was born earlier (e.g., 1868), but oral tradition in his hometown of Tumauini seems to indicate that 1872 was the correct year. To this day, however, the search for the exact date of his birth remains ongoing.

Luga left his province to join the Philippine Revolution in 1896, where he figured in early battles such as those fought in Antipolo and Montalban (now Rodriguez), among others. For a while, he was imprisoned by the Spanish in Fort Santiago, at the time when Jose Rizal was also incarcerated. Fortunately for him, the Spanish were unable to press on his execution.

By April 1899, Luga attests that General Antonio Luna himself recommended his assignment to Cebu to serve as a military adviser. His journey to the province, however, was a challenge. He had to disguise as a sailor aboard the ship called "Butuan" to avoid detection. Owing to his covert entry to Cebu, General Juan Climaco and his staff doubted Luga's credentials. Yet armed with President Emilio Aguinaldo's letter, Luga was eventually accepted by the Cebuano revolutionaries.

By this time, the Filipino-American War had reached Cebu, where Luga would be regarded as one of the major non-Visayan leaders to fight in the province at the time. His exploits earned him various monikers, among them "alimokon" or white-eared brown dove (endemic bird to the Philippines), and "tagolilong" or an invisible being. At one time, he was said to have almost captured General Henry Ware Lawton during a raid at Pardo, also in Cebu. When the Americans resorted to imprisoning his family to persuade him to surrender, he instead went for their rescue and succeeded.

On October 27, 1901, on the same day Climaco and General Arcadio Maxilom surrendered to the United States, Luga and 38 of his troops also laid down their arms at Carcar. This ended the organized resistance in Cebu. Nonetheless, believing that public service has not ended for him, Luga was among the first to join the newly-formed Philippine Constabulary (PC), wherein he pursued peace in the provinces, particularly against the so-called "Pulahanes", fighters who adhered to syncretic religious beliefs, and earned their name due to the red fabric (pula) they usually wear.

Rising to the rank of captain, Luga would resign from the Constabulary by 1914. As his reason, he would point to suspicions at the time that he supposedly had pro-Japanese sentiments. Thinking that he had served the Philippines well, it appeared distasteful for him to be suspected in the first place. Luga remained active in the public scene, opposing the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act which pledged Filipino independence after ten years but provided for US military bases to remain. This despite the law being a result of lobbying by the Osmeña-Roxas Mission, both Visayan leaders. It would take another law, the Tydings-McDuffie Act, to formalize the transition phase and the creation of the Philippine Commonwealth.

After his Constabulary service, Luga was also active in the Philippine Refining Company (formerly Visayan Refining Company). Luga died on April 9, 1935 in Manila, unable to see the freedom he fought for so long. In a 1924 interview, he gave this statement in regards to the Filipino struggle of his time:

"We the veterans, are already old, but before we die, there is only one wish that I am asking from God. Even though we have no money to leave behind because we are poor, we do wish that before we go to our final resting ground, we can see that you who are left behind can enjoy the fruits of the freedom we have been hoping for."

The General Mateo Luga Award was named in his honor. Learn more about the Revolution: https://history-ph.blogspot.com/2017/05/bonifacio.html

Follow on Facebook, Twitter, and Tiktok: @historyphils

#FilipinoHistorian #History #TodayInHistory #OnThisDay #Luga #Ibanag #Revolution #Freedom #Independence #Philippines

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#3650
Anonymous Diary Blog / Mindanao is Very Safe
June 05, 2022, 08:23:07 AM
By Dr Edsel Salvana
I'm from Mindanao. I was just there last week to celebrate my parents' 50th wedding anniversary. At no point did I feel unsafe. I even brought my 10 year old daughter with me to see her cousins. Mindanao has grown by leaps and bounds and has really lovely world-class tourist spots. All of which are extremely safe. Think Siargao, Camiguin, Samal Island, the Philippine Eagle Sanctuary near Mt. Apo and many, many others. Mindanao is beautiful and the people are among the best in the world. It is a wonderful place to live in and to visit. That is the Mindanao I know and love.

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#3651
Closing the landing gear doors is one of the final servicing steps before lifting of the Space Shuttle Discovery and mating it to NASA's 747 can begin. After being raised in the gantry-like Mate-Demate Device (MDD), Discovery will be mounted on NASA's modified Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, or SCA, for the return flight to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Space Shuttle Discovery landed safely at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base in California at 5:11:22 a.m. PDT, August 9, 2005, following the very successful 14-day STS-114 return to flight mission. During their two weeks in space, Commander Eileen Collins and her six crewmates tested out new safety procedures and delivered supplies and equipment the International Space Station. Discovery spent two weeks in space, where the crew demonstrated new methods to inspect and repair the Shuttle in orbit. The crew also delivered supplies, outfitted and performed maintenance on the International Space Station. A number of these tasks were conducted during three spacewalks. In an unprecedented event, spacewalkers were called upon to remove protruding gap fillers from the heat shield on Discovery's underbelly. In other spacewalk activities, astronauts installed an external platform onto the Station's Quest Airlock and replaced one of the orbital outpost's Control Moment Gyroscopes. Inside the Station, the STS-114 crew conducted joint operations with the Expedition 11 crew. They unloaded fresh supplies from the Shuttle and the Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module. Before Discovery undocked, the crews filled Raffeallo with unneeded items and returned to Shuttle payload bay. Discovery launched on July 26 and spent almost 14 days on orbit.    2005-08-17

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#3652
History / King George V of the UK
June 05, 2022, 08:17:55 AM
June 3, 1865: His Majesty George V, King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India was born His Royal Highness Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert of Wales in London during the reign of his grandmother Queen Victoria. He was the second son of the future King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra. Prince George was created Duke of York in 1892, and when his father became King in 1901 he became Prince of Wales (his elder brother Prince Albert Victor having died at 28 years old). George V is the grandfather of the current sovereign, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.

"George was only seventeen months younger than his brother Eddy. Because of the closeness in age, the two brothers were brought up and educated together. In 1877, Eddy and George joined the Royal Navy's training ship, HMS Britannia.  The brothers remained aboard the Britannia for nearly two years before embarking on a three-year cruise on the HMS Bacchante.  Always accompanied by their tutor Mr. Dalton, the brothers visited the Mediterranean, the West Indies, South America, South Africa, Australia, China, and Japan.

In 1883, the brothers were separated. Eddy attended Trinity College, Cambridge University and George continued in the Royal Navy. While serving in the Royal Navy, George commanded Torpedo Boat 79 in the waters around the United Kingdom and HMS Thrush in the North America waters. His last active service was the command of HMS Melampus in 1891–92.

George wanted to marry his first cousin Princess Marie of Edinburgh, the daughter of his uncle Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh. His grandmother Queen Victoria, his father, and his uncle all approved the match, but the mothers did not, and Marie was instructed to refuse when George proposed to her. On December 3, 1891, George's brother Prince Eddy proposed to Princess Mary of Teck whose mother was a first cousin of Queen Victoria, Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, the youngest child of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (the seventh son and tenth child of King George III and Queen Charlotte). The wedding set for February 27, 1892, but on January 14, 1892, Eddy died of pneumonia.

After the death of Prince Eddy, Mary and George, now second in the line of succession, spent much time together. As time passed and their common grief eased, there was hope that a marriage might take place between them. George proposed to Mary beside a pond in the garden of his sister Louise's home, East Sheen Lodge, on April 29, 1893. The engagement was announced on May 3, 1893, with the blessing of Queen Victoria. The couple married on July 6, 1893, and eventually became the beloved King George V and Queen Mary." - unofficialroyalty.com

King George V Bio via The Royal Family: https://www.royal.uk/george-v

(Young brothers Prince Albert Victor 'Eddy' and Prince George, future King George V; King George V by Vandyk)

#HouseOfWindsor #KingGeorgeV #UK #TodayInHistory

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#3653
Philippine Government / Rep. Raoul Danniel Manuel
June 05, 2022, 08:13:34 AM
Raoul Danniel Manuel, an applied mathematics student who made history at UP Visayas in 2015 when he was the first to graduate summa cum laude from that campus, joins the 19th Congress as representative of Kabataan. | via Nestor P. Burgos Jr./Philippine Daily Inquirer

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#3654
Product Reviews / Identify Fake Levi's
June 05, 2022, 08:11:36 AM
How do I know if my Levi's jeans are authentic?

We want to protect the integrity of our amazing brand, so Levi Strauss & Co. is committed to enforcing its trademark and property rights in order to prevent the sale of counterfeit products bearing its trademark or designs. However, we're aware of counterfeit Levi's products in the marketplace. In order to avoid purchasing a counterfeit item, we recommend that you purchase your jeans from Levi.com.ph or from one of our authorized Levi's retailers.

Characteristics of counterfeit products will vary on a case-by-case basis, but there are two trademarks of genuine Levi's jeans:

The Tab Device trademark on the back right pocket

The Arcuate Stitching Design trademark (or "double arcs") on the back pockets
Source: levi.com.ph

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#3655
China's defense attaché strengthens ties with Philippine Army

People's Republic of China defense attaché Senior Colonel Li Jianzhong rendered an introductory call to Army Commanding General Lt. Gen. Romeo S. Brawner, Jr., to strengthen ties between the two armies on June 2, 2022 at Headquarters Philippine Army, Fort Bonifacio, Metro Manila.

The Army Chief and the Chinese defense attaché discussed matters related to bilateral training and education. Sr. Col. Li conveyed his intention to link up with PA personnel who studied in China to invite them for an activity in line with the 47th anniversary of the establishment of the Philippine-China diplomatic relations. The Chinese defense attaché likewise invited Lt. Gen. Brawner to visit the country.

Lt. Gen. Brawner and Sr. Col. Li also tackled the importance of strengthening diplomatic relations between the two countries, emphasizing the importance of promoting peace and diplomacy as an effective channel in conflict resolution.

Lt. Gen. Brawner likewise thanked Sr. Col. Li for China's Covid-19 vaccine donations which boosted the Philippine Army's thrust to shield its personnel from the highly infectious disease.#

Photos:  SSg. Cesar P Lopez Philippine Army/ OACPA

#125thPhilippineArmyAnniversary
#KapayapaanParaSaLahat
#ServingthePeopleSecuringtheLand
#PhilippineArmy
#ParaSaBayan

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#3656
Philippine ARMY NEWS
Army, PNP operatives nab fake soldiers

Joint elements of the 10th Infantry "Agila" Division and Police Regional Office 11 arrested two suspects who posed as Army officers in an entrapment operation at Barangay Bagong Silang, Maragusan, Davao De Oro on June 1, 2022.

The arrested personalities were identified as Kristoffer Niño Somoza Mudlong who introduced himself as a military doctor with the rank of a colonel and Diana Grace Matarab who posed as a major under the AFP Nurse Corps.

Under the law, offenders can be prosecuted for violations of the Revised Penal Code's Article 177 (Usurpation of Authority)  for falsely representing themselves as soldiers and Article 179 (Illegal Use of Uniforms or Insignia), for wearing the Philippine Army uniform.

For more details, see: https://www.facebook.com/Agiladivision/posts/389495043202313
10th Infantry "Agila" Division, Philippine Army

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#3657
June 2, 1420: In accordance with terms of the Treaty of Troyes, French Princess Catherine de Valois married King Henry V of England her in native France. Although their short marriage did produce a male heir (Henry V died in 1422) - it is not the descendants of this union who sit on the throne today. Through her second marriage to the obscure Welshmen Owen Tudor, it is Catherine de Valois who as grandmother of King Henry VII and great-grandmother of Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots, who is an ancestor of every British monarch from 1485 right up to today's Queen, Elizabeth II.

'Catherine de Valois, Queen of England' - via The Freelance History Writer: https://bit.ly/2lRExdH

#TreatyOfTroyes #HenryV #Plantagenets #Valois #Tudors #CatherineDeValois #TodayInHistory

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#3658
News Update: Calabarzon, Davao regions set wage hikes

Minimum wage earners in CALABARZON and Davao Region are the latest to benefit from the series of pay hikes after the regional wage boards granted an increase in their respective minimum wages.

The Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board (RTWPB) in CALABARZON unanimously approved Wage Order RBIVA-19, setting the new minimum wage in the non-agriculture sector to P470 in the extended metropolitan area and the cities of Antipolo and Dasmariñas; P429 in component cities and (first class) municipalities; and P390 in the emerging growth area (second and third class municipalities) and resource-based area (fourth, fifth, and sixth class municipalities).

The new minimum wage rates in the agriculture sector, meanwhile, are P429 in the extended metropolitan area, in the cities of Antipolo and Dasmariñas, and component cities and (first class) municipalities; P390 in the emerging growth area (second and third class municipalities); and P350 in the resource-based area (fourth, fifth, and sixth class municipalities).

Also, the new minimum wage in retail and service establishments employing not more than 10 workers is set at P350 or an increase of P47 from the previous P303.

In Davao Region, meanwhile, the RTWPB issued Wage Order No. RBXI-21 which grants a wage increase of P47 for workers in agriculture, non-agriculture (industrial/commercial and retail/service establishments employing more than 10 workers), and retail/service establishments employing not more than 10 workers.

The Board also issued RBXI-DW-02 setting the new monthly wage rate for domestic workers to P4,500 or a monthly wage increase of P1,500 and P2,500 for chartered cities and first-class municipalities and other municipalities, respectively.

Full article: https://www.dole.gov.ph/news/calabarzon-davao-regions-set-wage-hikes/

#SerbisyongDOLE
#SerbisyongBebotBello

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#3659
History / Empress Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
June 04, 2022, 11:51:38 PM
June 3, 1880: Empress Maria Alexandrovna of Russia died at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, aged fifty-five. Born Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine in Darmstadt to Grand Duke Ludwig II and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden, she married the future Tsar Alexander II in 1840, converting to Eastern Orthodoxy and taking the name Maria Alexandrovna. She learned the Russian language quickly and loved her adopted country, but she did not enjoy court life or the duties of representation as she was shy and of a withdrawn nature, thus making her unpopular. She took interest in charity activities and was particularly active in the field of female education, establishing Russia's first all female schools.

http://crownstiarasandcoronets.blogspot.com/2016/07/maria-alexandrovna-empress-of-russia.html?m=1

#MarieofHesseandbyRhine #MariaAlexandrovna #Russia #Romanov #ThisDayInHistory

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#3660
June 2, 1953: The coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II took place at Westminster Abbey in London. The 27 year-old mother of two was crowned Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God Queen of this Realm and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith by the Archbishop of Canterbury. Hers was the first British coronation to be televised and the fourth and last coronation of the 20th century. Queen Elizabeth II is the longest reigning monarch in British history.

'The Queen's Coronation: Behind Closed Doors (Full Documentary): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZHJXXrc0YI

(Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Portrait by Cecil Beaton)

#HouseofWindsor #QueenElizabethII #TheCoronation #WestminsterAbbey #OnThisDay

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#3661
While SpaceX's twin former oil rigs, Phobos and Deimos, have received little public attention lately, they are located at the Port of Pascagoula, where their conversion into Starship launch platforms is still in an early stage.

Pictures by Danny Kitchens.

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#3662
Bible Study / Genesis 1:6 Commentary by John Gill
June 04, 2022, 07:46:19 AM
Genesis 1:6
And God said, let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters,.... On which the Spirit of God was sitting and moving, Ge 1:2 part of which were formed into clouds, and drawn up into heaven by the force of the body of fire and light already produced; and the other part left on the earth, not yet gathered into one place, as afterwards: between these God ordered a "firmament to be", or an "expanse" v; something stretched out and spread like a curtain, tent, or canopy: and to this all those passages of Scripture refer, which speak of the stretching out of the heavens, as this firmament or expanse is afterwards called; see

Ps 104:2 and by it is meant the air, as it is rendered by the Targum on Ps 19:1 we call it the "firmament" from the w word which the Greek interpreter uses, because it is firm, lasting, and durable: and it has the name of an expanse from its wide extent, it reaching from the earth to the third heaven; the lower and thicker parts of it form the atmosphere in which we breathe; the higher and thinner parts of it, the air in which fowls fly, and the ether or sky in which the sun, moon, and stars are placed; for all these are said to be in the firmament or expanse, Ge 1:17. These are the stories in the heavens the Scriptures speak of, Am 9:6 and the air is divided by philosophers into higher, middle, and lower regions: and so the Targum of Jonathan places this firmament or expanse between the extremities of the heaven, and the waters of the ocean. The word in the Syriac language has the sense of binding and compressing x; and so it is used in the Syriac version of Lu 6:38 and may denote the power of the air when formed in compressing the chaos, and dividing and separating the parts of it; and which it now has in compressing the earth, and the several parts that are in it, and by its compression preserves them and retains them in their proper places y:

and let it divide the waters from the waters; the waters under it from those above it, as it is explained in the next verse; of which more there.

v רקיע "expansio", Montanus. Tigurine version; "extensio", Munster, Fagius, Vatablus, Aben Ezra; "expansum", Junius, Tremellius, Piscator, Drusius, Schmidt, στερεωμα Sept. "firmamentum", V. L. w Id. x Vid. Castell. Lex. col. 3647. Fuller. Miscell. Sacr. l. 1. c. 6. y Vid. Dickinson. Physica "vetus et vera", c. 7. sect. 13, 14. p. 88, 89.



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#3663
Bible Study / Genesis 1:5 John Gill Commentary
June 04, 2022, 07:26:14 AM
Gill Genesis Chapter 1:5
And God called the light day, and the darkness he called night,.... Either by the circulating motion of the above body of light, or by the rotation of the chaos on its own axis towards it, in the space of twenty four hours there was a vicissitude of light and darkness; just as there is now by the like motion either of the sun, or of the earth; and which after this appellation God has given, we call the one, day, and the other, night:

and the evening and the morning were the first day: the evening, the first part of the night, or darkness, put for the whole night, which might be about the space of twelve hours; and the morning, which was the first part of the day, or light, put also for the whole, which made the same space, and both together one natural day, consisting of twenty four hours; what Daniel calls an "evening morning", Da 8:26 and the apostle νυχθημερον, a "night day", 2Co 11:25. Thales being asked which was first made, the night or the day, answered, the night was before one day m. The Jews begin their day from the preceding evening; so many other nations: the Athenians used to reckon their day from sun setting to sun setting n; the Romans from the middle of the night, to the middle of the night following, as Gellius o relates; and Tacitus p reports of the ancient Germans, that they used to compute not the number of days, but of nights, reckoning that the night led the day. Caesar q observes of the ancient Druids in Britain, that they counted time not by the number of days, but nights; and observed birthdays, and the beginnings of months and years, so as that the day followed the night; and we have some traces of this still among us, as when we say this day se'nnight, or this day fortnight. This first day of the creation, according to James Capellus, was the eighteenth of April; but, according to Bishop Usher, the twenty third of October; the one beginning the creation in the spring, the other in autumn. It is a notion of Mr. Whiston's, that the six days of the creation were equal to six years, a day and a year being one and the same thing before the fall of man, when the diurnal rotation of the earth about its axis, as he thinks, began; and in agreement with this, very remarkable is the doctrine Empedocles taught, that when mankind sprung originally from the earth, the length of the day, by reason of the slowness of the sun's motion, was equal to ten of our present months r. The Hebrew word ערב, "Ereb", rendered "evening", is retained by some of the Greek poets, as by Hesiod s, who says, out of the "chaos" came "Erebus", and black night, and out of the night ether and the day; and Aristophanes t, whose words are,

"chaos, night, and black "Erebus" were first, and wide Tartarus, but there were neither earth, air, nor heaven, but in the infinite bosom of Erebus, black winged night first brought forth a windy egg, &c.''

And Orpheus u makes night to be the beginning of all things.

(Hugh Miller (1802-1856) was the first person to popularise the "Day-Age" theory. In his book, "Testimony of the Rocks", that was published in the year after his untimely death, he speculated that that the days were really long ages. He held that Noah's flood was a local flood and the rock layers were laid down long periods of time. v This theory has been popularised by the New Scofield Bible first published in 1967. See Topic 8757. Editor.)

m Laert. in Vita Thaletis. p. 24. n Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 2. c. 77. o Noct. Attic. l. 3. c. 2. p De Mor. German. c. 11. q Commentar. l. 6. p. 141. r Vid. Universal History, vol. 1. p. 79. s εκ χαεος δ'ερεβος, &c. Hesiod. Theogonia. t χαος ην και νυξ ερεβος τε μελαν προτον &c. Aristophanes in Avibus. u Hymn. 2. ver. 2. v Ian Taylor, p. 360-362, "In the Minds of Men", 1984, TEV Publishing, P.O. Box 5015, Stn. F, Toronto, Ontario, M4Y 2T1.


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#3664
Bible Study / John Gill on Genesis 1:4 Commentary
June 04, 2022, 07:24:41 AM
Gill Genesis 1:4

And God saw the light, that it was good,.... Very pleasant and delightful, useful and beneficial; that is, he foresaw it would be good, of great service, as Picherellus k interprets it; for as yet there were no inhabitants of the earth to receive any advantage by it; see Ec 11:7 besides, it was doubtless good to answer some present purposes, to prepare for the work of the two following days, before the great luminary was formed; as to dispel the darkness of heaven, and that which covered the deep; to rarefy, exhale, and draw up the lighter parts of the chaos, in order to form the wide extended ether, the expanded air, and the surrounding atmosphere, while the Spirit of God was agitating the waters, and separating them from the earthy parts; and which also might serve to unite and harden those which were to form the dry land, and also to warm that when it appeared, that it might bring forth grass, herbs, and fruit trees:

and God divided the light from the darkness: by which it should seem that they were mixed together, the particles of light and darkness; but "by what way is the light parted", severed and divided from darkness, is a question put to men by the Lord himself, who only can answer it, Job 38:24 he has so divided one from the other that they are not together at the same place and time; when light is in one hemisphere, darkness is in the other l; and the one by certain constant revolutions is made to succeed the other; and by the motion of the one, the other gives way; as well as also God has divided and distinguished them by calling them by different names, as Aben Ezra, and is what next follows:

k In Cosmopoeiam, p. 267. l Milton in the place above referred to says, it was divided by the hemisphere. Paradise Lost, B. 7. l. 243, &c.

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#3665
Bible Study / Genesis 1:3 Commentary by John Gill
June 04, 2022, 07:22:41 AM
Genesis 1:3 by John Gill Gen 1:3
And God said,.... This phrase is used, nine times in this account of the creation; it is admired by Longinus the Heathen in his treatise "of the Sublime", as a noble instance of it; and it is most beautifully paraphrased and explained in Ps 33:6 as expressive of the will, power, authority, and efficacy of the divine Being; whose word is clothed with power, and who can do, and does whatever he will, and as soon as he pleases; his orders are always obeyed. Perhaps the divine Person speaking here is the Logos or Word of God, which was in the beginning with God, and was God, and who himself is the light that lightens every creature. The words spoke were,

let there be light, and there was light: it at once appeared; "God commanded light to shine out of darkness"; as the apostle says, 2Co 4:6 this was the first thing made out of the dark chaos; as in the new creation, or work of grace in the heart, light is the first thing produced there: what this light was is not easy to say. Some of the Jewish Rabbins, and also some Christian writers, think the angels are designed by it, which is not at all probable, as the ends and use of this light show: others of them are of opinion, that it is the same with the sun, of which a repetition is made on the fourth day, because of its use and efficacy to the earth, and its plants; but others more rightly take it to be different from the sun, and a more glimmering light, which afterwards was gathered into and perfected in the body of the sun f. It is the opinion of Zanchius g, and which is approved of by our countryman, Mr. Fuller h, that it was a lucid body, or a small lucid cloud, which by its circular motion from east to west made day and night i; perhaps somewhat like the cloudy pillar of fire that guided the Israelites in the wilderness, and had no doubt heat as well as light; and which two indeed, more or less, go together; and of such fiery particles this body may well be thought to consist. The word "Ur" signifies both fire and light.

f Vid. Menasseh ben Israel conciliator in Gen. qu. 2. g De Operibus Dei, par. 3. l. 1. c. 2. col. 239. and l. 2. c. 1. h Miscell. Sacr. l. 1. c. 12. i Milton seems to be of the same mind:----- -----and forthwith light. Ethereal, first of things, quintessence pure, Sprung from the deep, and from her native east To journey thro' the airy gloom began, Sphered in a radiant cloud, for yet the sun Was not; she in a cloudy tabernacle Sojourned the while.----- Paradise Lost, B. 7. l. 243, &c.

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#3666
Bible Study / Genesis 1:2 Commentary by John Gill
June 04, 2022, 07:20:25 AM
John Gill on Genesis 1:2

And the earth was without form, and void,.... It was not in the form it now is, otherwise it must have a form, as all matter has; it was a fluid matter, the watery parts were not separated from the earthy ones; it was not put into the form of a terraqueous globe it is now, the sea apart, and the earth by itself, but were mixed and blended together; it was, as both the Targums of Jonathan and Jerusalem paraphrase it, a waste and desert, empty and destitute of both men and beasts; and it may be added, of fishes and fowls, and also of trees, herbs, and plants. It was, as Ovid k calls it, a chaos and an indigested mass of matter; and Hesiod l makes a chaos first to exist, and then the wide extended earth, and so Orpheus m, and others; and this is agreeably to the notion of various nations. The Chinese make a chaos to be the beginning of all things, out of which the immaterial being (God) made all things that consist of matter, which they distinguish into parts they call Yin and Yang, the one signifying hidden or imperfect, the other open or perfect n: and so the Egyptians, according to Diodorus Siculus o, whose opinion he is supposed to give, thought the system of the universe had but one form; the heaven and earth, and the nature of them, being mixed and blended together, until by degrees they separated and obtained the form they now have: and the Phoenicians, as Sanchoniatho p relates, supposed the principle of the universe to be a dark and windy air, or the blast of a dark air, and a turbid chaos surrounded with darkness, as follows;

and darkness was upon the face of the deep: the whole fluid mass of earth and water mixed together. This abyss is explained by waters in the next clause, which seem to be uppermost; and this was all a dark turbid chaos, as before expressed, without any light or motion, till an agitation was made by the Spirit, as is next observed:

and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters, which covered the earth, Ps 104:6 the earthy particles being heaviest sunk lower, and the waters being lighter rose up above the others: hence Thales q the philosopher makes water to be the beginning of all things, as do the Indian Brahmans r: and Aristotle s himself owns that this was the most ancient opinion concerning the origin of the universe, and observes, that it was not only the opinion of Thales, but of those that were the most remote from the then present generation in which he lived, and of those that first wrote on divine things; and it is frequent in Hesiod and Homer to make Oceanus, or the ocean, with Tethys, to be the parents of generation: and so the Scriptures represent the original earth as standing out of the water, and consisting of it, 2Pe 3:5 and upon the surface of these waters, before they were drained off the earth, "the Spirit of God moved"; which is to be understood not of a wind, as Onkelos, Aben Ezra, and many Jewish writers, as well as Christians, interpret it; since the air, which the wind is a motion of, was not made until the second day. The Targums of Jonathan and Jerusalem call it the spirit of mercies; and by it is meant the Spirit of the Messiah, as many Jewish writers t call him; that is, the third Person in the blessed Trinity, who was concerned in the creation of all things, as in the garnishing of the heavens, so in bringing the confused matter of the earth and water into form and order; see Job 26:13. This same Spirit "moved" or brooded u upon the face of the waters, to impregnate them, as an hen upon eggs to hatch them, so he to separate the parts which were mixed together, and give them a quickening virtue to produce living creatures in them. This sense and idea of the word are finely expressed by our poet w. Some traces of this appear in the

νους or mind of Anaxagoras, which when all things were mixed together came and set them in order x; and the "mens" of Thales he calls God, which formed all things out of water y; and the "spiritus intus alit", c. of Virgil and with this agrees what Hermes says, that there was an infinite darkness in the abyss or deep, and water, and a small intelligent spirit, endued with a divine power, were in the chaos z: and perhaps from hence is the mundane egg, or egg of Orpheus a: or the firstborn or first laid egg, out of which all things were formed; and which he borrowed from the Egyptians and Phoenicians, and they perhaps from the Jews, and which was reckoned by them a resemblance of the world. The Egyptians had a deity they called Cneph, out of whose mouth went forth an egg, which they interpreted of the world b: and the Zophasemin of the Phoenicians, which were heavenly birds, were, according to Sanchoniatho c, of the form of an egg; and in the rites of Bacchus they worshipped an egg, as being an image of the world, as Macrobius d says; and therefore he thought the question, whether an hen or an egg was oldest, was of some moment, and deserved consideration: and the Chinese say e, that the first man was produced out of the chaos as from an egg, the shell of which formed the heavens, the white the air, and the yolk the earth; and to this incubation of the spirit, or wind, as some would have it, is owing the windy egg of Aristophanes f.

(Thomas Chamlers (1780-1847) in 1814 was the first to purpose that there is a gap between verse 1 and 2. Into this gap he places a pre-Adamic age, about which the scriptures say nothing. Some great catastrophe took place, which left the earth "without form and void" or ruined, in which state it remained for as many years as the geologist required. g This speculation has been popularised by the 1917 Scofield Reference Bible. However, the numerous rock layers that are the supposed proof for these ages, were mainly laid down by Noah's flood. In Ex 20:11 we read of a literal six day creation. No gaps, not even for one minute, otherwise these would not be six normal days. Also, in Ro 5:12 we read that death is the result of Adam's sin. Because the rock layers display death on a grand scale, they could not have existed before the fall of Adam. There is no direct evidence that the earth is much older than six thousand years. However, we have the direct eyewitness report of God himself that he made everything in six days. Tracing back through the biblical genealogies we can determine the age of the universe to be about six thousand years with an error of not more than two per cent. See Topic 8756. Editor.)

k "Quem dixere chaos, rudis indigestaque moles", Ovid Metamorph. l. 1. Fab. 1. l ητοι μεν προτιστα χαος &c. Hesiodi Theogonia. m Orphei Argonautica, ver. 12. n Martin. Sinic. Hist. l. 1. p. 5. o Bibliothec. l. 1. p. 7. p Apud Euseb. Praepar. Evangel. l. 2. c. 10. p. 33. q Laert. in Vita Thaletis, p. 18. Cicero do Natura Deorum, l. 1. r Strabo. Geograph. l. 15. p. 491. s Metaphysic. l. 1. c. 3. t Zohar in Gen. fol. 107. 3. and fol. 128. 3. Bereshit Rabba, fol. 2. 4. and 6. 3. Vajikra Rabba, sect. 14. fol. 156. 4. Baal Hatturim in loc. Caphtor Uperah, fol. 113. 2. u מרחפת "incubabat", Junius, Tremellius, Piscator, "as a dove on her young", T. Bab. Chagigah, fol. 15. 1. w ----and, with mighty wings outspread, Dovelike satst brooding on the vast abyss, And mad'st it pregnant.---- Milton's Paradise Lost, B. 1. l. 20, 21, 22. The same sentiment is in B. 7. l. 234, 235. x Laert. in Vita Anaxagor. p. 91. Euseb. Evangel. Praepar. l. 10. c. 14. p. 504. y Cicero de Nat. Deorum, l. 1. Lactant, de falsa Relig. l. 1. c. 5. z Apud Drusium in loc. a Hymn. προτογον, ver. 1, 2. b Euseb. Praepar. Evangel. l. 3. c. 11. p. 115. c Apud Ib. l. 2. c. 10. p. 33. d Saturnal. l. 7. c. 16. e Martin. Sinic. Hist. l. 1. p. 3, 4. f In Avibus. g Ian Taylor, p. 363, 364, "In the Minds of Men", 1984, TEF Publishing, P.O. Box 5015, Stn. F, Toronto, Canada.

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#3667
Gill Gen 1:1

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS

This book, in the Hebrew copies of the Bible, and by the Jewish writers, is generally called Bereshith, which signifies "in the beginning", being the first word of it; as the other four books of Moses are also called from their initial words. In the Syriac and Arabic versions, the title of this book is "The Book of the Creation", because it begins with an account of the creation of all things; and is such an account, and so good an one, as is not to be met with anywhere else: the Greek version calls it Genesis, and so we and other versions from thence; and that because it treats of the generation of all things, of the heavens, and the earth, and all that are in them, and of the genealogy of men: it treats of the first men, of the patriarchs before the flood, and after it to the times of Joseph. It is called the "first" book of Moses, because there are four more that follow; the name the Jewish Rabbins give to the whole is חמשה חומשי תורה, "the five fifths of the law", to which the Greek word "pentateuch" answers; by which we commonly call these books, they being but one volume, consisting of five parts, of which this is the first. And that they were all written by Moses is generally believed by Jews and Christians. Some atheistical persons have suggested the contrary; our countryman Hobbes a would have it, that these books are called his, not from his being the author of them, but from his being the subject of them; not because they were written by him, but because they treat of him: but certain it is that Moses both wrote them, and was read, as he was in the Jewish synagogues, every sabbath day, which can relate to no other writings but these, Joh 1:45. And Spinosa, catching at some doubts raised by Aben Ezra on De 1:1 concerning some passages which seemed to him to have been added by another hand, forms objections against Moses being the author of the book of Genesis; which are sufficiently answered by Carpzovius b. Nor can Ezra be the author of the Pentateuch, as Spinosa suspects; since it is plain these writings were in being before his time, in the times of Josiah, Amaziah, yea, of David, and also of Joshua, 2Ch 34:14 nay, they are even referred to in the book of Ezra as the writings of Moses, Ezr 3:2 to which may be added, in proof of the same, De 31:9. Nor are there any other writings of his authentic; what are ascribed to him, as the Analepsis of Moses, his Apocalypse, and his Last Will and Testament, are apocryphal. That this book of Genesis particularly was written by him, is evident from the testimony of Philip, and even of our Lord Jesus Christ, who both testify that he wrote concerning the Messiah, Joh 1:45 as he did in this book, where he speaks of him as the seed of the woman that should break the serpent's head; as the seed of Abraham, in whom all the nations of the earth should be blessed; and as the Shiloh, to whom the gathering of the people should be, Ge 3:15. Nor is there any reason to believe that he wrote this book from the annals of the patriarchs, since it does not appear, nor is it very probable, that they had any; nor from traditions delivered down from one to another, from father to son, which is more probable, considering the length of the lives of the patriarchs: but yet such a variety of particulars respecting times, places, persons, their genealogies and circumstances, so nicely and exactly given, can scarcely be thought to be the fruit of memory; and much less is it to be imagined that he was assisted in it by Gabriel, when he lived in solitude in Midian: but it is best of all to ascribe it to divine inspiration, as all Scripture is by the apostle, 2Ti 3:16 for who else but God could have informed him of the creation, and the manner and order in which every creature was brought into being, with a multitude of things recorded in this book? the design of which is to lead men into the knowledge and worship of the one true God, the Creator of all things, and of the origin of mankind, the fall of our first parents, and their posterity in them; and to point at the means and method of the recovery of man by the Messiah, the promised seed; and to give an account of the state and case of the church of God, in the times of the patriarchs, both before and after the flood, from Adam, in the line of Seth, to Noah; and from Noah to the times of Joseph, in whose death it ends: and, according to Usher c, it contains an history of two thousand, three hundred, and sixty nine years.

a Leviath. par. 3. c. 33. b Introduct. ad Libr. Bib. V. T. c. 4. sect. 2. c Annal. Vet. Test. p. 17.

Genesis 1 Summary

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 1

This chapter contains an account of the creation of the universe, and all things in it; asserts the creation of the heaven and earth in general, and describes the state and condition of the earth in its first production, Ge 1:1 and then proceeds to declare the work of each of the six days of creation, and to give an account of light, its separation from darkness and the names of both, the work of the first day, Ge 1:3 of the firmament, its use and name, the work of the second day, Ge 1:6 of the appearance of the earth, and the production of grass, herbs, and trees in the earth, the work of the third day, Ge 1:9 of the sun, moon, and stars, their situation, and use, the work of the fourth day, Ge 1:14 of the fowls of the air, and the fishes of the sea, the work of the fifth day, Ge 1:19 of all kinds of cattle, and beasts, and creeping things, Ge 1:24 and then of man, created male and female, after the image of God, having a grant of dominion over the rest of the creatures, the fruit of divine consultation, Ge 1:26 and of a provision of food for man and beast, Ge 1:29. And the chapter is concluded with a survey God took of all his works, and his approbation of them; all which were the work of the sixth day, and closes the account of the creation in that space of time, Ge 1:31.

Genesis 1:1

In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. By the heaven some understand the supreme heaven, the heaven of heavens, the habitation of God, and of the holy angels; and this being made perfect at once, no mention is after made of it, as of the earth; and it is supposed that the angels were at this time created, since they were present at the laying of the foundation of the earth,

Job 38:6 but rather the lower and visible heavens are meant, at least are not excluded, that is, the substance of them; as yet being imperfect and unadorned; the expanse not yet made, or the ether and air not yet stretched out; nor any light placed in them, or adorned with the sun, moon, and stars: so the earth is to be understood, not of that properly so called, as separated from the waters, that is, the dry land afterwards made to appear; but the whole mass of earth and water before their separation, and when in their unformed and unadorned state, described in the next verse: in short, these words represent the visible heavens and the terraqueous globe, in their chaotic state, as they were first brought into being by almighty power. The ה prefixed to both words is, as Aben Ezra observes, expressive of notification or demonstration, as pointing at "those" heavens, and "this earth"; and shows that things visible are here spoken of, whatever is above us, or below us to be seen: for in the Arabic language, as he also observes, the word for "heaven", comes from one which signifies high or above a; as that for "earth" from one that signifies low and beneath, or under b. Now it was the matter or substance of these that was first created; for the word

את set before them signifies substance, as both Aben Ezra and c Kimchi affirm. Maimonides d observes, that this particle, according to their wise men, is the same as "with"; and then the sense is, God created with the heavens whatsoever are in the heavens, and with the earth whatsoever are in the earth; that is, the substance of all things in them; or all things in them were seminally together: for so he illustrates it by an husbandman sowing seeds of divers kinds in the earth, at one and the same time; some of which come up after one day, and some after two days, and some after three days, though all sown together. These are said to be "created", that is, to be made out of nothing; for what pre-existent matter to this chaos could there be out of which they could be formed? And the apostle says, "through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear", Heb 11:3. And though this word is sometimes used, and even in this chapter, of the production of creatures out of pre-existent matter, as in Ge 1:21 yet, as Nachmanides observes, there is not in the holy language any word but this here used, by which is signified the bringing anything into being out of nothing; and many of the Jewish interpreters, as Aben Ezra, understand by creation here, a production of something into being out of nothing; and Kimchi says e that creation is a making some new thing, and a bringing something out of nothing: and it deserves notice, that this word is only used of God; and creation must be the work of God, for none but an almighty power could produce something out of nothing. The word used is "Elohim", which some derive from another, which signifies power, creation being an act of almighty power: but it is rather to be derived from the root in the Arabic language, which signifies to worship f, God being the object of all religious worship and adoration; and very properly does Moses make use of this appellation here, to teach us, that he who is the Creator of the heavens and the earth is the sole object of worship; as he was of the worship of the Jewish nation, at the head of which Moses was. It is in the plural number, and being joined to a verb of the singular, is thought by many to be designed to point unto us the mystery of a plurality, or trinity of persons in the unity of the divine essence: but whether or no this is sufficient to support that doctrine, which is to be established without it; yet there is no doubt to be made, that all the three Persons in the Godhead were concerned in the creation of all things, see Ps 33:6. The Heathen poet Orpheus has a notion somewhat similar to this, who writes, that all things were made by one Godhead of three names, and that this God is all things g: and now all these things, the heaven and the earth, were made by God "in the beginning", either in the beginning of time, or when time began, as it did with the creatures, it being nothing but the measure of a creature's duration, and therefore could not be until such existed; or as Jarchi interprets it, in the beginning of the creation, when God first began to create; and is best explained by our Lord, "the beginning of the creation which God created", Mr 13:19 and the sense is, either that as soon as God created, or the first he did create were the heavens and the earth; to which agrees the Arabic version; not anything was created before them: or in connection with the following words, thus, "when first", or "in the beginning", when "God created the heavens and the earth", then "the earth was without form", c h. The Jerusalem Targum renders it, "in wisdom God created" see Pr 3:19 and some of the ancients have interpreted it of the wisdom of God, the Logos and Son of God. From hence we learn, that the world was not eternal, either as to the matter or form of it, as Aristotle, and some other philosophers, have asserted, but had a beginning; and that its being is not owing to the fortuitous motion and conjunction of atoms, but to the power and wisdom of God, the first cause and sole author of all things; and that there was not any thing created before the heaven and the earth were: hence those phrases, before the foundation of the world, and before the world began, c. are expressive of eternity: this utterly destroys the notion of the pre-existence of the souls of men, or of the soul of the Messiah: false therefore is what the Jews say i, that paradise, the righteous, Israel, Jerusalem, &c. were created before the world unless they mean, that these were foreordained by God to be, which perhaps is their sense.

a "altus fuit, eminuit", Golius, col. 1219. b "quicquid humile, inferum et depressum" ib. col. 70. Hottinger. Smegma Orient. c. 5. p. 70. & Thesaur. Philolog. l. 1. c. 2. p. 234. c Sepher Shorash. rad. את. d Moreh Nevochim, par. 2. c. 30. p. 275, 276. e Ut supra. (Sepher Shorash.) rad. ברא f אלה "coluit, unde" אלוה "numen colendum", Schultens in Job. i. 1. Golius, col. 144. Hottinger. Smegma, p. 120. g See the Universal History, vol. 1. p. 33. h So Vatablus. i Targum Jon. & Jerus. in Gen. iii. 24. T. Bab. Pesachim, fol. 54. 1. & Nedarim, fol. 39. 2.

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#3668
Bible Study / Ruth 3:2 Bisaya Cebuano
June 03, 2022, 10:03:29 PM
Ug karon dili ba si Booz atong kaubanan man, nga sa iyang mga kadalagahan ikaw kauban? Ania karon, siya nagaalig-ig ug cebada niining gabhiona didto sa giukan.
Ruth 3:2

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#3669
Bible Study / Ruth 3:1 Bisaya
June 03, 2022, 10:02:23 PM
Ug si Noemi nga iyang ugangan nga babaye miingon kaniya: Anak ko, dili ba ako mangita ug pahulayan alang kanimo, aron kini maayo kanimo?
Ruth 3:1

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#3670
Technology / Nord 2T
June 03, 2022, 05:44:42 PM
The new "flagship budget" OnePlus phone is here: the Nord 2T brings uncompromized performance at half the price of traditional flagships, but what compromises are made along the way?...

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#3671
May 27, 1703: Tsar Peter the Great founded the city of St. Petersburg, laying down the Peter and Paul Fortress which became the first brick and stone building of the new city. The city was built by conscripted peasants from all over Russia, and a number of Swedish prisoners of war were also involved for some years.

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/st-petersburg-founded-by-peter-the-great

#SaintPetersburg #PetertheGreat #Russia #OnThisDay

['The Founding of St. Petersburg' by Alexey Venetsianov]

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#3672
May 30, 1730: Arabella Churchill, mistress of King James II/VII (when Duke of York), died in London. The daughter of Sir Winston Churchill and Elizabeth Drake, she was the sister of the first Duke of Marlborough. Unlike his brother, James seemed to prefer plainer women with lively intelligence and quick wit, and their relationship lasted through ten years and four children. After their parting in 1678 she married Charles Godfrey and had three more children with him.

https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-royal-mistresses-series/arabella-churchill-nothing-but-skin-and-bones/

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[Portrait by Mary Beale]

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#3673
May 29, 1568: Virginia de' Medici, Duchess of Modena and Reggio, was born in Florence to Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and his mistress Camilla Martelli. She was legitimized in 1570 after her father married her mother, and she married Cesare d'Este, Duke of Modena, in 1586. They had ten children together, but the marriage was made unhappy by Cesare's many infidelities, leaving Virginia to suffer bouts of depression. Nevertheless, she coped with her motherly duties and showed herself as a clever and far-sighted ruler when she took the position of Regent during the absence of her husband.

https://www.italyonthisday.com/2020/05/virginia-de-medici-16th-century-Italian-noblewoman.html?m=1

#VirginiadeMedici #Modena #Reggio #Italy #TodayInHistory

[Portrait by Alessandro Allori]

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#3674
World Daily News / WEF World Economic Forum
June 03, 2022, 05:04:43 PM
The World Economic Forum, committed to improving the state of the world, is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation. The Forum engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.

World Economic Forum, 91-93 route de la Capite, CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva, Switzerland, www.weforum.org

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#3675
May 27, 1819: George V, King of Hanover, was born Prince George of Cumberland, the only son of Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland and King of Hanover, and Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz as well as grandson to King George III of the United Kingdom. After Queen Victoria's accession to the British throne, Duke Ernest Augustus became King of Hanover as women were barred from inheriting there, making George the Crown Prince. He succeeded to the throne in 1851and reigned for fifteen years before his reign ended with the unification of Germany, making him the last King of Hanover. He never renounced his rights to the throne or acknowledged Prussia's actions, but his appeals to the Great Powers were in vain, and he remained in exile for the remainder of his life.

http://www.unofficialroyalty.com/june-12-daily-featured-royal-date/

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#3676
NTF-ELCAC'S ECLIP PROVIDED REHABILITATION FUNDS TO 16 FORMER REBELS IN AURORA
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IN THE NEWS: Sixteen former members of the New People's Army (NPA) in this province have received cash assistance under the government's Enhanced Comprehensive Local Integration Program (E-CLIP).

Lt. Col. Julito B. Recto Jr., acting commander of the Army's 91st Infantry (Sinagtala) Battalion (91IB), said on Thursday six of the rebels got PHP65,000 each while the 10 others got PHP5,000 each, which could help them start their lives anew together with their families.

"The six rebels surrendered to 91IB before and received PHP65,000 as start-up capital for their chosen livelihood," Recto said in an interview.

He said the cash aid for the other former rebels came from the Department of Social Welfare and Development under its Sustainable Livelihood Program.

"I am advising them to wisely use the cash assistance they received as seed money to start a small business and earn a living to support their respective families," Recto said.

He is hopeful that the former rebels will help the government by informing their relatives, friends, and fellow rebels, who are still in the communist organization, to lay down their arms and avail of the E-CLIP.

The E-CLIP is a complete package program for individuals who have decided to abandon armed struggle and rejoin mainstream society.

READ MORE: https://bit.ly/3x2zYSd

#NSCGovPH #GoodGovernance #NSCPH #InformInformInform #NSCNewsPH #ActivismIsNotTerrorism #EO70 #NPA #CounteringTerrorism #NTFELCAC #FactsNotFiction #DismissDisinformation #nscphilippines #cpp #CPPNPANDF #CPPNPA #EO70ELCAC

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#3677
Technology / Let your data work for your customers
June 03, 2022, 04:51:01 PM
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#3678
May 31, 1533: "Queen Anne Boleyn departed from the Tower of London, where she had stayed for the last two nights, for her grand Coronation procession.

Anne was dressed in the French fashion of filmy white with a coronet of gold and was seated in a litter of white satin, with white cloth of gold inside and out, drawn by two palfreys, who were draped in white damask.

This was the first time the citizens of London would get a proper glimpse of their new Queen- the woman whom their King had changed everything they had known- from religion to the succession- in order to marry.

A popular legend has it that Anne was booed and hissed at by the people, but there is no reliable contemporary source to back up this myth. It is most likely that the people were curious rather than hostile.

The account of the Coronation procession is largely taken from the book "In the Footsteps of Anne Boleyn" by Sarah Morris and Natalie Grueninger, and is written as though we are following the procession, which the book does.

* Tower Hill - in the Trinity Gardens, follow the stone pathway which will bring you to the site of the Tower Hill scaffold which bears a poignant plaque. Anne's procession skirted Tower Hill on its way to Fenchurch Street. Continue along the path and exit the garden through the gate at the top of the gardens, crossing the road onto Cooper's Row. Walk down into Crutched Friars and up Lloyd's Avenue until you reach Fenchurch Street.

* Fenchurch Street - The church St Gabriel's stood here (burned down in the Great Fire of 1666), in the middle of the road. It was here that Anne's procession stopped for the first entertainment. Built up against the eastern wall of the church was a tableau designed to celebrate Anne's French links and her friendship with France. The tableau included children dressed as merchants who welcomed Anne to the city in both English and French. In fact, the procession was headed by twelve servants belonging to the French Ambassador. A huge compliment for France to be featured so prominently- and a snub to the Emperor. After enjoying the tableau, the procession split around the church and continued on its way down Fenchurch Street, with Anne's scarlet-clad ladies following behind their mistress. Continuing down until you reach the corner of Fenchurch and Gracechurch Street.

* Gracechurch Street - Here, Anne was faced with her first reminder of her reasons to be gracious - and grateful. On the corner of Fenchurch and Gracechurch Street she was shown a tableau designed by Holbein. No words were spoken but the meaning would have been very clear to the six-month pregnant Queen as she read the Latin versus held aloft by actors representing the classical figures of Calliope, Apollo and the muses of art and learning: "Anna comes the most famous woman in the world, Anna comes, the shining incarnation of chastity, in snow white litter, just like goddesses, Anna the queen is here, the preservation of your future". The group were seated upon a model of Mount Parnassus and its sacred fountain, of which the wine flowed freely for the Londoners to enjoy. Turning right up Gracechurch Street continuing on until you reach Leadenhall Market on the right.

* Leadenhall - Here, again the message of the eagerly longed for male heir was reinforced to Anne. Backing onto the entrance of Leadenhall Market, Anne saw an open castle painted inside with clouds, angels and cherubs. Seated on top of a green hillock within the castle were figures representing St Anne (mother of the Virgin Mary) and her descendants, including Jesus - the message was clear - Anne the Queen would rival the maternal success of Anne the saint. Cross onto back onto Gracechurch street turning left onto Cornhill.

* Cornhill - In Anne's day there was a conduit here, which carried water down from the springs in the hills above London. It was at the conduit that the next tableau was staged. Figures representing the Three Graces waited to greet the Queen, each announcing themselves as, 'Glad Heart', 'Stable Honour' and 'Continual Success'. Continuing down Cornhill, cross Bank Junction and turn right onto Cheapside.

* Cheapside - in Anne's day this was the widest of the city streets and the focus of pageants, public gatherings and of course, coronation processions. With the buildings draped in a magnificent display of cloth of gold and velvet, Anne was greeted by all the livery companies standing on one side of the street and the general citizens on the other. Opposite Honey Lane she was treated to Latin speeches and music; static displays and heraldic devices. Then onto Eleanor Cross, which was located opposite the church of St Mary le Bow, where the Aldermen presented her with a gold purse containing 1,000 marks. Continuing down Cheapside, turn left onto New Change, and cross the road onto Carter Lane. St Paul's Cathedral will lie in front of you to the north.

* St Paul's - on Carter Lane which backed onto St Paul's churchyard, and it was near here that Anne saw her next entertainment. An empty throne sat at one of the gates to the churchyard, mounted high ready for its new occupant. Three elaborately dressed women waited below, the central figure holding aloft the cheerful message "Come my love, thou shalt be crowned". The watching crowd was thrown wafers bearing the words, "Queen Anne, when thou shalt bear a new son of the King's blood, there shall be a golden world unto thy people." After watching a sweet display of 200 children reciting Latin poems to their new Queen, with a 'joyful, smiling face' Anne said "Amen"- a lovely brief insight into her mood on this wonderful day.

The procession continued down Fleet Street and out of the City through Temple Bar on its way to Westminster. Anne would have had no inkling of the tragedy that lay ahead of her, she would undoubtedly have briefed a sigh of relief that everything had gone well, and to know that she would be crowned the next day. She had come a long way from the Anne that had made her debut at court in the pageant all those years ago." - The Anne Boleyn Society

(Geneviève Bujold and Richard Burton as Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII in 'Anne of The Thousand Days', 1969)

#Tudors #TudorEngland #AnneBoleyn #HenryVIII #LondonHistoryDay #OnThisDay

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#3679
History / Princess Marianne of the Netherlands
June 03, 2022, 04:49:01 PM
May 29, 1883: Princess Marianne of the Netherlands, Princess Albert of Prussia, died at the Reinharthausen Palace in Erbach, aged seventy-three. The youngest child of King Willem I of the Netherlands and Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia, she married her cousin Prince Albert of Prussia in 1830 and had five children with him. In 1845 she left her unfaithful husband and began to live with her lover and former coachman Johannes van Rossum, giving birth to their only child seven months after her divorce was finalized. An unusually progressive woman and cultural visionary, she made her residence, the Schloss Reinhartshausen, a cultural center of the Rhine, reconstructing part of the Schloss as a museum to house her collection of six hundred paintings. The museum is known today as the Festsäle.

https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/marianne-of-the-netherlands/princess-marianne-netherlands-coachman/

#PrincessMarianneoftheNetherlands #Prussia #ThisDayInHistory

[Portrait by Herman Antonie de Bloeme]

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#3680
History / Battle of Bangkusay
June 03, 2022, 04:43:00 PM
Philippine History June 3, 1571, Datu Bambalito and his warriors encountered the Spaniards at the channel of Bankusay (Bangkusay), off the north shore of Manila Bay, that is known as the "The Battle of Bangkusay."

On May 16, 1571, Miguel López de Legazpi took possession of Manila, in the name of his monarch, King Philip II of Spain (see the previous events or the prelude of this history, t.ly/xqOw). Although Sulayman and Lakan Dula gave up their respective kingdoms and became friends of Miguel López de Legazpi, the Filipinos in Central Luzon defied Spain. A valiant Pampango warlord named Datu Bambalito (not Raha Sulayman) rallied the warriors of Macabebe (his native town), Betis, Hagonoy, Navotas and other barangays to carry on resistance to the Spanish invaders.*

Bambalito established his war camp in Navotas, where he assembled his forces. One day, he went to Tondo and conferred with Lakan Dula and Raha Sulayman to support his cause. The two former native rulers did not join him because they had given their word of honor to Legazpi to maintain peace with Spain, and as men of honor, they could not break it. However, a son and two nephews of Lakan Dula and some of Sulayman's warriors joined his forces.

On June 3, 1571, Bambalito's flotilla of war boats sailed down the channel of Bankusay, off the north shore of Manila Bay, and engaged Marshal Martín de Goiti's forces in a furious naval battle. At the height of the bloody sea fight, Bambalito was killed. His death demoralized his forces. For lack of a leader, his men were routed. Thus was fought the First Battle of Manila Bay, with victory to Spain.**

The might of the Spanish sword and the martial exploits of Miguel López de Legazpi, Marshal Martín de Goiti, Captain Juan de Salcedo and other conquistadores helped much in the conquest. But without the eloquent teachings and sacrificial labors of the missionaries, the Spanish colonization would not have been an enduring success, as there was but a handful of Spanish soldiers, who could easily have been wiped out by the Filipinos.

By accepting Christianity, the Filipinos became loyal subjects of Spain. Thus wrote Tomas de Comyn: "Of little avail would have been the valor and constancy with which Legazpi and his worthy companions overcame the natives of the islands, if the apostolic zeal of the missionaries had not seconded their exertions, and aided to consolidate the enterprise. The latter were the real conquerors; they, who without any other arms but their virtues, gained over the goodwill of the islanders."***

Sources and References:
1. Gregorio F. Zaide, Sonia M. Zaide, History of the Republic of the Philippines, Metro Manila, 1983, 1987, pp. 68–70

*In previous years, historians recount that the leader of the Filipino forces in the naval battle of Bankusay against Goiti and his Spanish-Filipino forces was Sulayman. This is wrong, however, because Sulayman, keeping his pledge to Legazpi to be loyal to the Spanish monarch, did not join the anti-Spanish cause. The leader was the valiant Macabebe warlord, Bambalito, as shown by an unknown Spanish document, see Fr. Lorenzo Perez, Un Documento desconocido relativo a las Islas Filipinas, published in Madrid, 1933; footnote of Gregorio F. Zaide, Sonia M. Zaide, History of the Republic of the Philippines, 1983. pp. 424–425

**For sources on the naval Battle of Bankusay, see Relacion de la Conquista de la isla de Luzon in Retana, Archivo, Vol. IV; Fr. San Agustin, Conquistas, pp. 227–228

***Tomas de Comyn, Estado de las Islas de Filipinas en 1810 Madrid, (1820), p. 148

#BattleOfBangkusay
#Bangkusay #Tondo
#DatuBambalito #Bambalito
#Raha #Sulayman #LakanDula
#MiguelLopezDeLegazpi
#MartinDeGoiti
#JuanDeSalcedo
#ManilaBay #Manila
#PhilippineHistory
#BoholProvincialLibraryDigital

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#3681
History / Prince Otto of Bavaria in Salzburg
June 03, 2022, 03:01:09 PM
June 1, 1815: Otto, King of Greece, was born Prince Otto of Bavaria in Salzburg to King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. While still a minor, he became the first modern King of Greece in 1832 under the Convention of London, and his government was initially run by a three-man regency council made up of Bavarian court officials. Upon reaching his majority, he removed the regents when they proved unpopular with the people and ruled as an absolute monarch. Unfortunately, throughout his reign he was unable to resolve Greece's poverty and prevent economic meddling from outside.

http://www.unofficialroyalty.com/featured-royal-date-july-26-1867-death-of-king-otto-of-greece/

#KingOtto #Greece #Bavaria #TodayInHistory

[Portrait by Friedrich Dürck]

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#3682
History / The Last Catholic Queen of England
June 03, 2022, 01:37:19 PM
By Gareth Russel
THE LAST CATHOLIC QUEEN OF ENGLAND

I have a lot of admiration for Mary-Beatrice of Modena, the Italian-born queen whose husband lost the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. I'm writing the chapter on James II for Iain Dale's forthcoming anthology "Kings and Queens: 1200 years of English history," and James's wife is an overlooked figure in our history.

Whatever we think of William and James's competing theories of power, Queen Mary-Beatrice paid a terrible price for anti-Catholic paranoia, sectarianism, misogyny, and conspiracy theories.

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#3683
History / Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom
June 03, 2022, 01:35:42 PM
May 27, 1848: Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom died at age seventy in Vicarage Place, Kensington. The twelfth child of King George III and Queen Charlotte, she was closest to her father, who preferred his daughters over his sons. Though she never wed, rumors spread that she became pregnant by Thomas Garth, an equerry of her father's, and gave birth to an illegitimate son in the summer of 1800. In her last years, she resided in the household of her niece Princess Victoria of Kent (the future Queen Victoria), at Kensington Palace.

https://www.regencyhistory.net/2012/05/six-princesses-princess-sophia-1777.html?m=1

#PrincessSophia #UK #GeorgeIII #HouseofHanover #ThisDayInHistory

[Portrait by Sir Thomas Lawrence]

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#3684
May 28, 1503: "The marriage of King James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor, Princess of England, is confirmed by a papal bull issued by Pope Alexander VI. This union between the Thistle and the Rose concluded the first peace treaty between England and Scotland for more than 170 years, namely the Treaty of Perpetual Peace in 1502. The marriage had already been performed by proxy earlier that year but with formal confirmation from the Papacy the Tudors and Stewarts were legally joined, a state of affairs which would eventually bring the Scots to the throne of England exactly a century later." - The Henry Tudor Society

Although Queen Margaret's brother Henry VIII famously married six times, by the time his last child Queen Elizabeth I died in 1603 he had no more living descendants. It is through Margaret Tudor that the Tudor bloodline exists in the British Royal Family today; Queen Elizabeth II is her 13xgreat-granddaughter.

"The line goes; Margaret Tudor = James V of Scotland = Mary, Queen of Scots = James VI of Scotland/I of England = Elizabeth of Bohemia = Sophia, Electress of Hanover = George I = George II = Frederick, Prince of Wales = George III = Prince Edward, Duke of Kent = Queen Victoria = Edward VII = George V = George VI = Queen Elizabeth II." - The Anne Boleyn Society

#RoyalWedding #Tudors #HenryVII #MargaretTudor #HouseOfStewart #JamesIVOfScotland #OnThisDay

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#3685
May 29, 1818: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld at at Schloss Ehrenburg, Coburg. It was not a marriage for love, though the two got on amicably enough. After the death of his niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, the Duke (and his brothers) rushed to marriage in order to provide heirs to the British throne. I guess you could say Edward won since his only child, a girl named Victoria after her mother, became one of the most recognized and long-ruling British monarchs of all time.

https://www.regencyhistory.net/2012/10/prince-edward-duke-of-kent-1767-1820.html?m=1

#EdwardDukeofKent #VictoriaofSaxeCoburgSaalfeld #QueenVictoria #OnThisDay

[Portrait of Victoria by George Dawe; Portrait of Edward by George Henry Harlow]

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#3686
May 28, 1872: Princess Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria, died of a brain tumor at age sixty-seven in Vienna. She was the daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden and the identical twin sister of Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, Queen of Saxony. She married Archduke Franz Karl of Austria in 1824, and they had six children together including two Emperors - Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria and the tragic Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico. She had a reputation for being strong-willed and authoritarian by nature, but she was also known as a familiar and sociable person devoted to her family. During the Revolution of 1848, she persuaded her somewhat feeble-minded husband to give up his rights to the throne in favor of their son Franz Joseph, and after their son's accession, she became the power behind the throne.

https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/sophie-of-bavaria/sophie-of-bavaria-the-only-man-at-court/

#PrincessSophieofBavaria #Austria #Habsburgs #ThisDayInHistory

[Portrait by Joseph Karl Stieler]

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#3687
This message is awaiting approval by a moderator.
ExpressVPN is removing its India-based VPN servers in response to a new #cybersecurity directive from India's Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) that requires all VPN providers to store users' data for at least 5 years.

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#3688
English Dictionary / yl as suffix
June 03, 2022, 11:04:01 AM
-yl: A suffix used as a characteristic termination of chemical radicals; as in ethyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, etc.

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#3689
With its multilingual capabilities, Yoast SEO Premium is a great asset in your international SEO strategy! The advanced content analysis helps you target keyword variations more effectively which will increase your visibility. You will:
✓ Write more engaging and readable texts in other languages;
✓ Use different word forms of your keyphrase that are recognized as so;
✓ Keep your content relevant with related keyphrases;
✓ Link your posts together to create a solid internal linking structure.

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#3690
With UK Region launch already in the books, we have another big announcement to share. Today we are introducing Private Networking feature for all our Cloud VPS and VDS. With this new feature you connect instances in the same data center directly. This results in faster communication and better isolation as the traffic doesn't leave the private network. Did I also mention that all traffic within private network is unlimited and unmetered?

Learn more about private networking on our landing page: https://contabo.com/en/private-networking/

Best regards,

Aleksander Kuczek
Chief Revenue Officer

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#3691
May 31, 1590: Notorious Tudor noblewoman Lady Frances Howard, Countess of Somerset was born in London to Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, and his second wife, Katherine Knyvett.

"Frances Howard was the daughter of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, and a famous beauty. She was divorced from Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex in 1613 and married Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset, a favourite of James I. In 1615 she and her second husband, along with several accomplices, were convicted of poisoning Sir Thomas Overbury who had opposed their marriage. Although the couple were imprisoned until 1621, they were later pardoned of their crime. It was said of Somerset, 'If he had not met with such a woman he might have been a good man.'" - National Portrait Gallery

'Frances Howard Countess of Somerset' - via The History Jar: https://thehistoryjar.com/2018/06/15/thomas-and-katherine-howard-avarice-personified/

(Frances, Countess of Somerset by William Larkin, circa 1615)

#Tudors #TudorEngland #FrancesHoward #CountessOfSomerset #LondonHistoryDay #TodayInHistory

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#3692
The National Museum of the Philippines is deeply honored by the official announcement of the choice of its National Museum of Fine Arts in Manila as the venue for the inauguration of the 17th President of the Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos, Jr., on June 30, 2022.

Formerly the Legislative Building, a declared National Historical Landmark first erected in 1926 and rebuilt after World War II in 1949, the National Museum has for several decades since the 1970s conscientiously maintained and preserved the building as a historical structure of the highest importance while installing within its halls the largest public assemblage of Philippine fine arts that can be accessed by the Filipino people and our friends and visitors from all around the world.

To allow for special preparations and arrangements to be presided over by the Inauguration Committee, we will need to close the National Museum of Fine Arts temporarily.

Please be notified that the National Museum of Fine Arts at the Old Legislative Building, Padre Burgos Drive, Manila, will be closed from Monday, June 6, until Monday, July 4. It will reopen on Tuesday, July 5, at 9 a.m.   

The National Museum of Anthropology and National Museum of Natural History will continue regular operations until further notice.

We apologize for any inconvenience, and express our thanks for your understanding.

Everyone can be assured that we at the #NationalMuseumPH will do our utmost to support this forthcoming momentous event of the presidential inauguration.

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#3693
May 28, 1767: Maria Josepha of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empress, died of smallpox at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, aged twenty-eight. The daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII and Maria Amalia of Austria, she married her second cousin, the future Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. Amiable and kind, she was rather well-liked by everyone but her husband who, of course, she adored. This sad state of affairs continued for the two years they were married, and when she fell ill with smallpox, her husband (being terrified of the disease) refused to visit her. He seemed to harbor some regret for his behavior toward her, but apparently not enough to actually attend her funeral.

https://www.creativehistorian.co.uk/blog/read_181332/unlucky-princesses-maria-josepha-of-bavaria.html

#MariaJosephaofBavaria #HolyRomanEmpire #ThisDayInHistory

[Portrait by Martin van Meytens]

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#3694
4th BA DIVISION: THE NEWEST ADDITION TO NFEM'S NAVAL ASSETS

The newly assigned boat attack craft had just arrived at the docks of the Naval Station Felix Apolinario on June 1, 2022.

The Naval Forces Eastern Mindanao (NFEM) hosted an Arrival Ceremony to welcome the 4th Boat Attack Division of the Philippine Fleet, headed by its Commanding Officer, CDR MALONE B AGUDELO PN at the DPWH Pier, Naval Station Felix Apolinario, Panacan, Davao City.

The event's Guest of Honor and Speaker, the duly elected City Mayor of Davao, Honorable Sebastian Z Duterte was accorded with Sideboys Honors upon his arrival. Thereafter, the ceremony commenced with the entry and docking of the 4th Boat Attack Division, comprised of three (3) boat attack craft, namely BA492, BA493, and BA494, and was followed by a presentation of troops by CDR AGUDELO.

The Boat Attack platforms, formerly known as the Multi-Purpose Attack Craft (MPAC), were part of the naval assets for the Active Archipelagic Defense Strategy of the Philippine Navy. The 4th BA Division's role is to conduct fast interception, perform rapid attacks, deliver precision fire and launch missile strikes to support NFEM and the Eastern Mindanao Command's (EMC) mission. The attack boats are also capable of providing support to ground troops, point defense, force/security escort, medical and casualty evacuation, and limited personnel transport. Moreover, each boat attack is equipped with Spike-Extended Range missile launch system, mini typhoon machine gun system, light machine guns, automatic rifles, and pistols. With a cruising speed of 30-35 knots and a maximum speed of 45 knots, they will be able to pursue fleeing enemies during Hot Pursuit operations.

"I am very proud to share this milestone with all of you as this marks an increase in the capability of the NFEM Command in the conduct of naval operations, particularly in maritime interdiction and naval special warfare operations. These boat attack craft will also serve as quick response units during search and rescue, humanitarian assistance and disaster response operations," the Commander, NFEM, COMMO CARLOS V SABARRE PN conveyed during his welcome remarks.

In his message prior to introducing the Guest of Honor and Speaker, the Commander, EMC, LTGEN GREG T ALMEROL PA emphasized the 4th BA Division's two (2) primary missions: to secure the waters within the area of operations, and to support the development efforts of the local and the national government. He also reminded them of their strengths and capabilities that make them an important component unit, not only of the Philippine Navy but of the entire Armed Forces as well. "You can be assured that you will always have the full support of the Eastern Mindanao Command," he added as he wished them well in their deployment within the Eastern Mindanao area of operations.

Acting City Mayor of Davao, Hon. Duterte congratulated NFEM on the arrival of the 4th BA Division. He commended the PN's leadership for its commitment to advancing its operational capabilities and for ensuring the maritime security in the region. "The acquisition of these boat attacks highlights your dedication to becoming a modern and multi-capable naval force," he said before he concluded, "May you take today's milestone as an inspiration and challenge to continuously improve and uphold your mandate for the welfare of the public."

#AFPyoucanTRUST
#ModernandMultiCapablePHNavy
#ProtectingtheSeasSecuringOurFuture

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#3695
Philippine Daily News / Libel vs Enchong Dee
June 02, 2022, 07:27:39 PM
Nagtungo ang aktor na si Enchong Dee sa Hall of Justice sa Digos, Davao del Sur Huwebes para sa kinahaharap niyang kasong libel na isinampa ni Dumper Partylist Representative Claudine Bautista-Lim.

Dumalo siya sa mediation kasama ang abogado kaugnay ng P1 bilyong lawsuit na isinampa noong Nobyembre 2021 matapos ang pahayag niya ukol sa aniya'y magarbong kasal ng mambabatas. (: Gina Sarmiento) | via Hernel Tocmo

BASAHIN ang kaugnay na ulat: https://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/02/01/22/enchong-dee-sumuko-sa-nbi-naghain-ng-piyansa

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#3696
TINGNAN: Ininspeksiyon nina PDEA Chief Dir. Gen. Wilkins Villanueva at PNP Officer-in-Charge Police Lt. Gen. Vicente Danao Jr. ang P408 milyong halaga ng iligal na droga na nasabat sa operasyon ng PDEA at PNP sa isang subdivision sa Dasmariñas, Cavite kung saan arestado ang dalawang suspek. | via Patrick de Jesus

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#3697
Philippine ARMY NEWS
Army, Navy and Marines combat engineers conduct joint drills

A composite team from the Philippine Army's 525th Engineer Combat Battalion (525ECB), 51st Engineer Brigade; 3rd Naval Combat Engineer Battalion of the Naval Combat Engineer Brigade, Philippine Navy; and Combat Engineer Battalion, Combat Support Brigade, Philippine Marine Corps concluded the five-day Engineer Explosives Demolition Training (EEDT) from May 23 to 28, 2022 at the Basic School, Marine Base, Camp Gregorio Lim, Ternate, Cavite.

The training is part of the 525ECB's capability development program that aims to bolster the combat engineer skills and to hone their competencies in mobility, counter-mobility, and survivability functions in support of combined arms operations with emphasis on the use of explosives.

Army Commanding General Lt. Gen. Romeo S. Brawner, Jr., commended 525ECB for continuously enhancing their skills and capabilities through the conduct of training activities.

For more details, see: https://www.facebook.com/525EngineerCombatBattalion/posts/pfbid0Vcd1ut4KFBjz3dKhVToKpcQ1UR9s81uymCF1MK8f8hQZYC1qJqKB8tPoz6hJJpPZl

#125thPhilippineArmyAnniversary
#KapayapaanParaSaLahat
#ServingthePeopleSecuringtheLand
#PhilippineArmy
#ParaSaBayan

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#3698
Witness various artists and art groups of Borongan paint colorful murals portraying the nature and environment at Baybay Boulevard Sea Wall, today, June 2.

More than 50 participants, including well known Filipino Mural Painters, AG Saño, Joy Abutan, Archie Prisno, and Rashid Sandigan, are out painting a hundred-meter portion of the Baybay Boulevard's seawall, which will soon become one of the many tourist attractions in the City.

This event is in line with five-day Arts Week Workshop, one of the highlights of this year's Charter Month Celebration.
#FunBorongan

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#3699
Philippine History / History of Tagbilaran City
June 02, 2022, 03:12:05 PM
To end this year's National Heritage Month, here's a special feature about the beginnings of Bohol's capital, the #CityOfTagbilaran.

Between 1751 to 1754, Fr. Pedro Murillo Velarde, a Spanish Jesuit priest and cartographer, wrote about #Tagbilaran and described it as a "new village". Established by the #Jesuits first as a visita of Baclayon, then as a parish sometime around 1767, it became the provincial capital when Bohol became a separate province from Cebu in 1854.

Before the Jesuit expulsion from the Philippines in 1768, the missionaries constructed a church with a stone masonry base of about one meter, with #TabiquePampango walls and nipa roof. Unfortunately, the church and its convent caught fire in 1798. Renowned church historian and author of Visita Iglesia Bohol, Regalado Trota Jose, suspects that the two side #Retablos could be remnants of the long gone Jesuit period church. This theory is backed by the baroque details and the Jesuit logo (IHS and cross) on the pediment of one of these retablos (on the gospel side).

From around 1839 to 1855, a new coral stone structure was constructed during the tenure of Fr. Valero de San Sebastian. In 1872, the convent was significantly expanded by Fr. Lucas Coromina. In 1873, a silver tabernacle and altar frontal from Manila was installed. The silver altar frontal is embellished with fine repoussé metalwork known as "inisot" or Ysot engraving.

A belfry was later added by Fr. Jose Sanchez, the same priest who started the construction of the similarly designed belfry of #TalibonChurch. Construction of the bell tower began in 1886 and was completed in 1891. The church was finally completed during the time of Fr. Escolastico Enciso who also facilitated the painting and decorations in the 1890s. Existent to this day are a silver tabernacle and silver fittings from Manila, installed in 1873.

Over the years, the expansion of the church in Tagbilaran has been done to accommodate the growing number of churchgoers. In the 20th century, it became a cathedral when the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tagbilaran was created on Nov. 8, 1941.

In 2019, the St. Joseph's Cathedral or #TagbilaranCathedral along with the #PlazaRizal were declared an #ImportantCulturalProperty (ICP) by the #NationalMuseumPH as part of the Tagbilaran City Spanish colonial period plaza complex. Also part of this complex are the Escuela Niñas, a school building for girls, and the former Capitol Building which is now the home of your National Museum Bohol. Both buildings have also been declared ICP. As Important Cultural Properties, these structures have been recognized for their exceptional cultural, artistic, and /or historical significance to our nation.

#TechnoTuesday
#BuiltHeritage
#PamanangLokal
#NHM2022
#NationalMuseumBohol

Photos courtesy of Marianito Luspo from the Gallares-Gallardo Collection; Prof. Luigi Apuhin Romanillos via Archivo Recoleto, Marcilla, Navarra, Spain; Lemuel P. Montejo; and Gerald James Cabal.

National Museum of the Philippines (2022)

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#3700
Philippine Business News / Safety of MRT-3
June 02, 2022, 03:03:02 PM
TINGNAN: Pinaiiral ng pamunuan ang mahigpit at maigting na seguridad sa buong linya ng MRT-3, sang-ayon sa inilabas na anunsyo ng Office for Transportation Security (OTS) na siguruhing istriktong naipatutupad ang security plan ng mga transport operators sa bansa. Ito ay matapos maiulat ang ilang insidente ng pagbomba sa Mindanao.

Sumasailalim sa masusing baggage checking at screening, inspection at control ng mga ipinagbabawal na kagamitan ang lahat ng mga pasahero at kawani bago makapasok sa loob ng mga istasyon.

Rumoronda din ang mga K-9 units na mula sa Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) sa lahat ng istasyon ng MRT-3, bukod pa sa sariling roving K-9 units ng linya na pinamamahalaan ng security provider nito.

Mahigpit na ipinagbabawal ang pagpasok ng anumang uri ng armas o ammunition sa loob ng MRT-3; gayundin ang patalim o bladed weapons; explosives and incendiary substances; flammable o madaling magliyab at nakalalason na mga gas at kemikal; at mga mapanganib na kagamitan at kemikal gaya ng mga pesticides, muriatic acid, liquid hydrogen, at iba pa.

"Hinihingi po namin ang kooperasyon ng ating mga pasahero na ugaliing sundin ang lahat ng ipinatutupad nating security at health protocols upang magarantiya natin ang ligtas, maayos, at tuloy-tuloy na operasyon ng MRT-3," sabi ni OIC-General Manager at Director for Operations Michael J. Capati.

Hiningi rin ni OIC-General Manager Capati sa mga pasahero na kaagad na ipagbigay-alam sa mga security personnel at train marshal ng MRT-3 sakaling may mamataan silang anumang kahina-hinalang bagay o taong may kahina-hinalang kilos.

Aniya, may awtoridad ang mga security marshals na huwag pasakayin o pababain ang mga pasaherong susuway sa ipinatutupad na mga patakaran ng linya.

Patuloy naman ang pamamahagi ng LIBRENG SAKAY ng pamunuan ng MRT-3 sa mga pasahero, na magtatagal hanggang ika-30 ng Hunyo 2022.

#DOTrPH
#DOTrMRT3
#SulongMRT3

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