Author Topic: The Sulu Archipelago  (Read 5301 times)

Lorenzo

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The Sulu Archipelago
« on: October 30, 2010, 09:12:56 AM »
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jorgeanna

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #1 on: October 30, 2010, 02:23:25 PM »
the beaches of Jolo, Sulu are perfect, much more beautiful than Panglao because of the powdery sand....

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #2 on: October 30, 2010, 02:33:43 PM »
Indeed it is.

My grandfather was friends with the late Sultan of Sulu, Anna. He had to cease business trips in Sulu during the late 70's because of the looming war with the Armed Forces, but before they parted in business dealings, the Sultan of Sulu gave my grandfather a token of friendship. A Muslim Kriss.

We still have that kriss in our house. It is quite beautiful. It's over 3 feet long. Over 20 lbs heavy. It's a lasting token of the friendship between my late grandfather, Mr. Rustico A. Lucino and the late Sultan of Sulu, Mohammad Mahakuttah Kiram.

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #3 on: October 30, 2010, 02:39:09 PM »
The white beaches of Jolo Sulu



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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #4 on: October 30, 2010, 02:40:54 PM »
Truly, the beaches of Sulu are impressive.









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jorgeanna

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #5 on: October 30, 2010, 08:06:47 PM »
Sultan Kiram's residence is near (atbang gyud) my grandfather's house sa Jolo, although i dont know them personally kay the last time I visited Jolo way back 1994, house arrest ko kay hadlok akong lolo sa akong safety and security....

Indeed the beaches are perfect although, dli tanan ang develop gyud kay walay magdugay nga investors didto....

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #6 on: October 30, 2010, 11:56:38 PM »
Sultan Kiram's residence is near (atbang gyud) my grandfather's house sa Jolo, although i dont know them personally kay the last time I visited Jolo way back 1994, house arrest ko kay hadlok akong lolo sa akong safety and security....

Indeed the beaches are perfect although, dli tanan ang develop gyud kay walay magdugay nga investors didto....


When I visited Bohol this summer, my Uncle Roger showed me the Kriss. We had to go upstairs because of the ornamental weight as well as the 20lb steel. Its decorative handle has the head of the Naga, the seven-headed dragon in old hindu folklore. The blade is jagged yet perfectly shaped and still retains its sharp teeth.

I requested if I could hold it, and unsheath it. My uncle helped me do so, it was an amazing experience. It requires two hands to properly handle a kriss that size. One could have cut a man in half easily ; or sever a head from one's shoulders with that Kriss.
The ornaments were adorned with gold, green jade, as well as pearl.

This was the gift of his late Majesty, Sultan Kiram...

I want to take possession of that Kriss someday.

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #7 on: October 31, 2010, 12:01:04 AM »
Sultan Kiram's residence is near (atbang gyud) my grandfather's house sa Jolo, although i dont know them personally kay the last time I visited Jolo way back 1994, house arrest ko kay hadlok akong lolo sa akong safety and security....

Indeed the beaches are perfect although, dli tanan ang develop gyud kay walay magdugay nga investors didto....

I support the Sultanate's claim of Sabah. Before the war with Manila , i was told that Sulu was rich and quite developed. The unfortunate military actions there have caused quite the stir. Sulu is quite strategic because it is our southern gate.

There are undocumented thousands of Filipino-Malaysian-Indonesian interchanges there to this day. Centuries ago, Anna, Sulu was the richest region in the Philippines as it was in the crossroads of China, and the Malay Moluccas.

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #8 on: October 31, 2010, 12:03:13 AM »
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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #9 on: October 31, 2010, 12:04:30 AM »
Who needs to go to China or Vietnam to see this?
It is already in the Philippines--in Sulu Waters..



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jorgeanna

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #10 on: October 31, 2010, 12:39:06 AM »
Centuries ago, Anna, Sulu was the richest region in the Philippines as it was in the crossroads of China, and the Malay Moluccas.

Really? i didn't know that. Thanks sa info.

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #11 on: October 31, 2010, 02:30:49 AM »
Yes, the court in Jolo used to have emissaries to China, as well as to the many kingdoms in south east asia.
Sulu's control extended to most of southern Mindanao and even Northern Borneo.



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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #12 on: October 31, 2010, 04:39:51 AM »


History of the Sultanate of Sulu

The grip of the Spanish Empire on the large islands of Mindanao and Palawan, and the smaller islands to their south was always tenuous. This entire area was generally under control of the Moslem Royal Sultanate of Sulu, which was centered in northern Borneo, and which continually tried to extend the influence of Islam over the southwestern Philippines. Although as early as the 16th Century, Spanish military and naval expeditions against this Sultanate were launched, the Spanish rule over the Sulu Archipelago was generally limited to the extraction of annual tributes by the sultans to the Spanish Empire, monstly in the form of payments in the form of large numbers of the pearls that are a product of the shallow seas of this region.

An effective occupation of Jolo by the Spanish Empire did not take place until the year 1876. From the 16th century through 1898, there were in all about 16 military and naval campaigns against the sultans of the Jolos. Five of these resulting in occupations, and all except for the last one were short-lived. During just over three centuries, the Spaniards ruled Jolo for a grand total of about three decades.

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Lorenzo

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Re: The Sulu Archipelago
« Reply #13 on: October 31, 2010, 04:45:02 AM »
1587 to 1844: The Sulu Sultanate vs. Spain



From its first encounters with Jolo, Spain was met with stiff resistance from a highly-organized people under the Sultanate of Sulu, which had been established in 1457 by an Arab born in Johore, Shari’ful Hashem Syed Abu Bak’r. He arrived in Sulu from Melaka in 1450. The sultanate had strong ties with Borneo, which by the 15th century was under the influence of Islam.

Although Miguel Lopez de Legazpi had successfully established a colony in Cebu in May 1565, the initial push of the Spanish conquista was northwards. It was not until June 1578 that Governor General Francisco de Sande dispatched captain Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, together with the Jesuit priest Juan del Campo and the coadjutor Gaspar Gomez to Jolo. The result was not occupation but a negotiated compromise where the Sulu sultan paid a regular tribute in pearls. The following year, Figueroa was awarded the sole right to colonize Mindanao. In 1587, during a campaign against Borneo launched by Sande, Figueroa attacked and burned down Jolo. The Spaniards left Jolo after a few days, so they probably had had no intentions of occupation, but they were moslty securing their rear areas on their way to attack northern Borneo.

Spanish hostilities had secured the Joloanos resolve to resist Spanish intrusions. In response to attacks, raids were conducted against the settlements and reducciones organized by Spain. In 1593, the first permanent Roman Catholic mission was established on the Zamboanga Peninsula, and three years later, the Spanish Army launched another attack on Jolo, but this one was repelled by the army of Rajah Bongsu.

In November 1593, the Spanish Empire sent Juan Ronquillo to Tampakan to thwart the slave raiders. However by the following year, the Spanish Army troops had relocated to Caldera Bay (Recodo), Mindanao. In 1598, another expedition was launched against Jolo, but this one was repelled by the Joloanos.

In late 1600, Captain Juan Gallinato with a group of about 200 Spanish soldiers attacked Jolo, but this force was decimated. By 1601, after three months of heavy fighting, the Spanish troops retreated since they had been unable to capture Jolo. In 1628, a larger raiding force of about 200 Spanish army officers and 1,600 soldiers was organized to attack Jolo again - in order to break the backs of the Moslem slave raiders and traders. However, this rather-large expedition failed to take Jolo. Again on March 17, 1630, a large Spanish force of 2,500 soldiers attacked Jolo but to no avail. When its commander Lorenzo de Olazo was wounded, the Spanish troops retreated.

On January 4, 1638, de Corcuera led a naval and military expedition of about 80 ships and 2,000 troops to attack Jolo, but the Sultan Wasit carried out a stern defense. However, a serious epidemic of tropical disease developed within Sultan Wasit’s kuta army, hence he and his chieftains sought refuge in the Dungun area of Tawi-Tawi. The Spanish Army easily occupied Jolo, and a small garrison was left there to control the area.

This Spanish garrison was withered away by frequent raids launched by Sultan Wasit. By 1645, this garrison had been wasted away. This was the first time that Jolo had been occupied by the Spaniards for an appreciable length of time.

From 1663 to 1718, an interregnum of peace reigned because the Spanish troops were ordered to abandon the Zamboanga Peninsula, and all of the forts south of that - and then regroup in Manila to prepare for the impending attack of Koxinga - and attack that was never carried out.

Hostilities resumed in the 18th century and this was triggered by the decision in 1718 by Gov. Gen Juan Antonio dela Torre Bustamante to reconstruct Real Fuerza de San José in Bagumbayan, Zamboanga. The fort completed in 1719 was renamed Real Fuerza del Pilar de Zaragosa (Fort Pilar is its popular name today). The rebuilt fort was inaugurated on 16 April by Don Fernando Bustillos Bustamante Rueda, senior maestro de campo of Zamboanga. Three years later in 1722, the Spaniards were launching another expedition against Jolo. Lead by Andres Garcia, this expedition failed miserably. In 1731, General Ignacio Iriberri lead a force of 1000 solfiers to Jolo and captured it after a lengthy siege, but the Spaniards again left after a few days.

In 1755, a force of 1,900 Spanish soldiers led by the captains Simeon Valdez and Pedro Gastambide was sent to Jolo to extract revenge for the raids by Sultan Muiz ud-Din, but those Spaniards were soundly defeated. In 1775, after a Moro raid on Zamboanga, Capitan Vargas led a punitive expedition against Jolo, but his force was repulsed.

The second half of the 18th century saw a new player in the Sulu Zone. After occupying Manila from 1762 – 64, during the Thirty years war between Spain and Great Britain, the British Army withdrew to the south. There they established trading alliances between the Sulu Sultanate and the British East India Company. Spanish attacks on Jolo were now directed at weakening British trading interests in the south. In 1784, Aguilar conducted a series of unsuccessful assaults against Jolo and in 1796, Spanish Admiral Jose Alava was sent from Madrid with a powerful naval fleet to stop the slave-raiding attacks that had been coming from the area of the Sulu Sea. The British presence was signaled when in 1798, Fort Pilar in Zamboanga was bombarded by the British Royal Navy, which had established a base in Sulu. In 1803, Lord Arthur Wellesley, the Governor-General of India, ordered Robert J. Fraquhar to transfer trading and military operations to Balambangan island near Borneo. By 1895, the Great Britain had withdrawn its army and navy from the area of the Sulu Sea.

In 1815, there was the end of the galleon trade across the Pacific Ocean between the Philippines and Mexico, since Mexico had declared its indepencence of the Spanish Empire in 1810, and an extended war of independence had begun that lasted through 1821. Most of the rest of the Spanish-ruled areas of the Americas had also rebelled against the Spanish Empire. In 1821, the administration of the Philippine Islands was shifted directly to the Kingdom of Spain in Madrid, rather than the Philippines being ruled via the Viceroy of Mexico, since Mexico and its southern neighbors (in Central America) had won their independence from Spain. Hence the office of Viceroy of Mexico had been abolished.

The Spanish Empire sought to end the "Moro threat". In 1824, the Marina Sutil, a light and maneuverable naval force under Capitan Alonso Morgado was sent to confront the slave raiders in the Sulu Sea.

http://www.answers.com/topic/sulu-archipelago



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