PreventionThe only way to prevent dengue virus acquisition is to avoid being bitten by a vector mosquito. Although this can be accomplished by avoiding travel to areas where dengue is endemic, that is not an ideal strategy because it would require a person to avoid most tropical and subtropical regions of the world, many of which are popular travel and work destinations. Other measures are as follows:
-Wear N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET)–containing mosquito repellant
-Wear protective clothing, preferably impregnated with permethrin insecticide
-Remain in well-screened or air-conditioned places
-The use of mosquito netting is of limited benefit, as Aedes are day-biting mosquitoes
-Eliminate the mosquito vector using indoor sprays
The most widely used mosquito-control technique, spraying cities to kill adult mosquitoes, is not effective. Efforts should target the larval phase with larvicides and cleaning up larvae habitats. Poor sanitation and poor refuse control provide excellent conditions for mosquito larvae to grow. Hurricanes and other natural disasters increase the habitat for mosquito growth in urban areas by increasing rubble and garbage, which act as water reservoirs.
Breeding of vector mosquitoes can be reduced by eliminating small accumulations of stagnant water around human habitats (eg, disposing of old tires, covering water receptacles, and changing water in birdbaths daily. Support community-based vector control programs (including source reduction) and the use of vectoricidal agents, including predatory copepods as biological control agents.
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