Author Topic: Noble Savages  (Read 1234 times)

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Noble Savages
« on: February 28, 2013, 09:27:24 AM »
Noble Savages: My Life Among Two Dangerous Tribes —The Yanomamo and the Anthropologists by Napoleon A. Chagnon




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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #1 on: February 28, 2013, 09:29:17 AM »
‘Noble Savages: My Life Among Two Dangerous Tribes —The Yanomamo and the Anthropologists’ by Napoleon A. Chagnon
By Rachel Newcomb,February 22, 2013
http://www.washingtonpost.com/


Napoleon Chagnon’s “Noble Savages” is a sprawling book that explores his complicated relationship with the Yanomamo Indians of Venezuela, as well as his war with anthropology. Author of one of the best-selling anthropology texts of all time, “Yanomamo: The Fierce People” (1968), Chagnon was later vilified by activists, journalists and anthropologists for exploiting the Yanomamo. This occasionally unwieldy yet engaging memoir is his attempt to explain his work to a lay audience while also putting to rest those accusations, which effectively blacklisted him in the field of anthropology.

When Chagnon first met the Yanomamo Indians, their arrows drawn, they were a group of “burly, naked, sweaty, hideous men nervously staring us down,” their lips distended from chewing huge chunks of tobacco. “Strands of dark green snot dripped or hung from their nostrils . . . drizzled from their chins down to their pectoral muscles,” a side effect of the Yanomamo’s tendency to blow hallucinogens up their noses. To Chagnon, the Yanomamo offered the chance to study a population seemingly unsullied by contact with the Western world, although by the time he arrived in 1964, missionaries and Catholic priests had already begun making inroads. Nevertheless, he found these Indians to be sufficiently unacculturated for his studies. He writes that “this was the last chance for an anthropologist to observe this fascinating social and political transition that terminated with the development of the political state and ‘civilization.’ ”




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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #2 on: February 28, 2013, 09:30:30 AM »
Chagnon’s descriptions of his fieldwork are more thematic than chronological, with chapter topics that range from reasons for Yanomamo raids and revenge to his early experiences bringing his family to the field. Much of this book is preoccupied with the argument that initially made Chagnon a controversial figure in anthropology: that the bellicose behavior of the Yanomamo originated in conflicts over women rather than over resources. Additionally, those Yanomamo who were killers of men had greater reproductive success than non-murderers. Thus, Chagnon believed, the Yanomamo offered a glimpse of humankind’s Hobbesian origins, before law and society intervened to rein in our essentially warlike nature.

Such assertions put him at odds with the prevailing anthropological view that humankind was essentially egalitarian and peaceful prior to the rise of settled agriculture, a stance that he calls both “Eurocentric and ethnocentric.” He writes that “the argument that tribesmen are egalitarian because nobody has ‘privileged’ access to ‘strategic’ material resources . . . erroneously projects our own political and economic views into the Stone Age.”

In the final fourth of the book, Chagnon descends into a blow-by-blow account of the attacks against him, which came from all corners: journalists, priests and activists for indigenous people. Some of the grievances were academic — for example, that Chagnon gave undue weight to biological over cultural explanations for Yanomamo behavior or that he had exaggerated Yanomamo aggression to prove his point. But other accusations were more devastating, especially the allegation that he had contributed to a measles epidemic. After tackling the more extreme charges, he criticizes anthropology for abandoning science in favor of “witnessing” the wrongs committed against native peoples. In his view, the influence of postmodernism has taken anthropology even further away from science, calling into question the possibility of truth and objectivity. These postmodernists, he says angrily, are now the “barefoot” activists who are teaching your children.

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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #3 on: February 28, 2013, 09:33:35 AM »
‘Noble Savages’: Chagnon’s new book triggers resignation and protests
26 February 2013
http://www.survivalinternational.org/



Davi Kopenawa, Yanomami spokesperson and shaman, has spoken out against Napoleon Chagnon's new book 'Noble Savages'.


A new book by controversial American anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon has triggered a wave of protests among experts and Yanomami Indians:

    Marshall Sahlins, ‘the world’s most respected anthropologist alive today’, has resigned from the US National Academy of Sciences in protest at Chagnon’s election to the Academy. Sahlins previously wrote a devastating critique of Chagnon’s work in the Washington Post.

    Davi Kopenawa, a spokesman for Brazil’s Yanomami and President of the Yanomami association Hutukara, has spoken out about Chagnon’s work: ‘[Chagnon] said about us, ‘The Yanomami are savages!’ He teaches false things to young students. ‘Look, the Yanomami kill each other because of women.’ He keeps on saying this. But what do his leaders do? I believe that some years ago his leader waged a huge war – they killed thousands of children, they killed thousands of girls and boys. These big men killed almost everything. These are the fierce people, the true fierce people. They throw bombs, fire machine guns and finish off with the Earth. We don’t do this…’

    A large group of anthropologists who have each worked with the Yanomami for many years have issued a statement challenging Chagnon’s assessment of the tribe as ‘fierce’ and ‘violent’. They describe the Yanomami as ‘generally peaceable.’

    Survival International’s Director Stephen Corry has said, ’Chagnon’s work is frequently used by writers, such as Jared Diamond and Steven Pinker, who want to portray tribal peoples as ‘brutal savages’ – far more violent than ‘us’. But none of them acknowledge that his central findings about Yanomami ‘violence’ have long been discredited.’

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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #4 on: February 28, 2013, 09:34:42 AM »
Napoleon Chagnon’s autobiography ‘Noble Savages: My Life Among Two Dangerous Tribes – the Yanomamö and the Anthropologists’, has just been published. His 1968 book ‘Yanomamö: The Fierce People’ portrayed the Yanomami as ‘sly, aggressive and intimidating’, and claimed they ‘live in a state of chronic warfare’. It is still a standard work in undergraduate anthropology.

The Yanomami live in Brazil and Venezuela and are the largest relatively isolated tribe in South America. Their territory is protected by law, but illegal goldminers and ranchers continue to invade their land, destroying their forest and spreading diseases which in the 1980s killed one out of five Brazilian Yanomami.



Napoleon Chagnon's view that the Yanomami are 'sly, aggressive and intimidating' and that they 'live in a state of chronic warfare' has been widely discredited.

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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #5 on: February 28, 2013, 09:35:07 AM »
Chagnon’s work has had far-reaching consequences for the rights of the Yanomami. In the late 1970s, Brazil’s military dictatorship, which was refusing to demarcate the Yanomami territory, was clearly influenced by the characterization of the Yanomami as hostile to each other and in the 1990s, the UK government refused funding for an education project with the Yanomami, saying that any project with the tribe should work on ‘reducing violence’.

Most recently, Chagnon’s work was cited in Jared Diamond’s highly controversial book ‘The World Until Yesterday’, in which he states that most tribal peoples, including the Yanomami, are ’trapped in cycles of violence and warfare’ and calls for the imposition of state control in order to bring them peace.

Survival International’s Director Stephen Corry said today, ‘The greatest tragedy in this story is that the real Yanomami have largely been written out of it, as the media have chosen to focus only on the salacious details of the debate that rages between anthropologists or on Chagnon’s disputed characterizations. In fact, Yanomamö: The Fierce People had disastrous repercussions both for the Yanomami and tribal peoples in general. There’s no doubt it’s been used against them and it has brought the 19th century myth of the ‘Brutal Savage’ back into mainstream thinking.’

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islander

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #6 on: February 28, 2013, 10:28:58 AM »
it seems like the academe (specifically the anthropologists) turned out to be less noble. ;D

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hubag bohol

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Re: Noble Savages
« Reply #7 on: March 03, 2013, 12:10:34 PM »
Hmm, anthropologists are, in a manner of speaking, anthropophagists?

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