Author Topic: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls  (Read 949 times)

hubag bohol

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One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« on: August 16, 2011, 08:45:29 AM »
By ALEXA OLESEN - Associated Press | AP – Sun, Aug 14, 2011


BEIJING (AP) — Tsinghua University freshman Mia Wang has confidence to spare.

Asked what her home city of Benxi in China's far northeastern tip is famous for, she flashes a cool smile and says: "Producing excellence. Like me."

A Communist Youth League member at one of China's top science universities, she boasts enviable skills in calligraphy, piano, flute and pingpong.

Such gifted young women are increasingly common in China's cities and make up the most educated generation of women in Chinese history. Never have so many been in college or graduate school, and never has their ratio to male students been more balanced.

To thank for this, experts say, is three decades of steady Chinese economic growth, heavy government spending on education and a third, surprising, factor: the one-child policy.

In 1978, women made up only 24.2 percent of the student population at Chinese colleges and universities. By 2009, nearly half of China's full-time undergraduates were women and 47 percent of graduate students were female, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.

In India, by comparison, women make up 37.6 percent of those enrolled at institutes of higher education, according to government statistics.



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hubag bohol

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #1 on: August 16, 2011, 08:46:57 AM »
Since 1979, China's family planning rules have barred nearly all urban families from having a second child in a bid to stem population growth. With no male heir competing for resources, parents have spent more on their daughters' education and well-being, a groundbreaking shift after centuries of discrimination.

"They've basically gotten everything that used to only go to the boys," said Vanessa Fong, a Harvard University professor and expert on China's family planning policy.

Wang and many of her female classmates grew up with tutors and allowances, after-school classes and laptop computers. Though she is just one generation off the farm, she carries an iPad and a debit card, and shops for the latest fashions online.

Her purchases arrive at Tsinghua, where Wang's all-girls dorm used to be jokingly called a "Panda House," because women were so rarely seen on campus. They now make up a third of the student body, up from one-fifth a decade ago.

"In the past, girls were raised to be good wives and mothers," Fong said. "They were going to marry out anyway, so it wasn't a big deal if they didn't want to study."

Not so anymore. Fong says today's urban Chinese parents "perceive their daughters as the family's sole hope for the future," and try to help them to outperform their classmates, regardless of gender.

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hubag bohol

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #2 on: August 16, 2011, 08:48:09 AM »
Some demographers argue that China's fertility rate would have fallen sharply even without the one-child policy because economic growth tends to reduce family size. In that scenario, Chinese girls may have gotten more access to education anyway, though the gains may have been more gradual.

Crediting the one-child policy with improving the lives of women is jarring, given its history and how it's harmed women in other ways. Facing pressure to stay under population quotas, overzealous family planning officials have resorted to forced sterilizations and late-term abortions, sometimes within weeks of delivery, although such practices are illegal.

The birth limits are also often criticized for encouraging sex-selective abortions in a son-favoring society. Chinese traditionally prefer boys because they carry on the family name and are considered better earners.

With the arrival of sonogram technology in the 1980's, some families no longer merely hoped for a boy, they were able to engineer a male heir by terminating pregnancies when the fetus was a girl.

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hubag bohol

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #3 on: August 16, 2011, 08:49:28 AM »
"It is gendercide," said Therese Hesketh, a University College London professor who has studied China's skewed sex ratio. "I don't understand why China doesn't just really penalize people who've had sex-selective abortions and the people who do them. The law exists but nobody enforces it."

To combat the problem, China allows families in rural areas, where son preference is strongest, to have a second child if their first is a girl. The government has also launched education campaigns promoting girls and gives cash subsidies to rural families with daughters.

Still, 43 million girls have "disappeared" in China due to gender-selective abortion as well as neglect and inadequate access to health care and nutrition, the United Nations estimated in a report last year.

Yin Yin Nwe, UNICEF's representative to China, puts it bluntly: The one-child policy brings many benefits for girls "but they have to be born first."


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hubag bohol

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #4 on: August 16, 2011, 03:24:49 PM »
Maayo gani kay buotan ang ginikanan ni Islander, wa siya i-"disappear", gipayuhot lang paingon sa Pinas... ;D

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #5 on: August 16, 2011, 05:21:37 PM »
tsimbako.  wa gyod ko katunob ug di gyod ko motunob anang land of cat eaters, bahala ba uroy unsay imong pasumangil ug daugdaog nako, ahuhuhu. 

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hubag bohol

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Re: One-child policy a surprising boon for China girls
« Reply #6 on: August 16, 2011, 05:48:51 PM »
tsimbako.  wa gyod ko katunob ug di gyod ko motunob anang land of cat eaters, bahala ba uroy unsay imong pasumangil ug daugdaog nako, ahuhuhu. 

He he, wa jud tuod ka katunob kay gi ship out man ka before you could walk...

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