Author Topic: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia  (Read 1673 times)

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An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« on: September 22, 2013, 09:56:12 PM »
The Crazy Engineering Feat That Raised The 50,000 Ton Costa Concordia

Michael Ballaban
21 September 2013



The Costa Concordia cruiseliner sank more than a year and a half ago, and to this day it sits off the coast of the Italian island of Giglio, becoming more and more decrepit. The first step of getting it off the rocks its stuck on came earlier this week, when engineers finally righted the ship. Here's how they did it.

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #1 on: September 22, 2013, 09:59:42 PM »
Moving the beached ship definitely wasn't easy, with a number of complications right from the start. Not only is it massive and onerous and ships are meant to float, not to be lifted, but it has a massive gash full of rocks and boulders in its side, its full of standing water, and, perhaps most tragically, the bodies of two of 32 people killed are thought to be still inside.

Oh, and it was lying on a slope, so if they tried to just roll it over all they'd end up doing was flipping it onto its other side, or, even worse. They'd see the entire thing slip below the waves.

Luckily, none of that happened, and this week we've got an upright ship, a relieved crew, and some awesome gifs of the whole thing.

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #2 on: September 22, 2013, 10:03:51 PM »
Building A Platform


Wikicommons

Before the ship could be lifted by company Titan Salvage, it needed to be rolled over into an upright position, in a procedure known as parbuckling. Unfortunately the ship didn't come down over a level seabed, otherwise the whole operation would've been a lot easier. First a steel-and-concrete platform needed to be constructed and anchored underwater, into the seabed itself, for the Costa Concordia to sit on before it could be floated once more. It was built in six sections, and supported by pillars over five feet in diameter that were anchored more than 30 feet into the granite face of the island.

Once the platform was in place, the parbuckling could begin.

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #3 on: September 22, 2013, 10:11:44 PM »
Righting The Ship


Getty

Before the ship could be floated and towed away, it needed to be rolled into an upright position. Parbuckling ships that are close to the shore has historically relied on attaching winches on land to the ship and then essentially pulling it upright, like this:


Getty

That's the USS Oklahoma, which capsized after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The Concordia, however, rolled the wrong way for winches to be easily attached to the shore. That meant that the operation would rely on a system of pulleys and sponsons either floating on barges, or attached directly to the ship.

First, massive jacks were used to get the process going, and once the ship was freed off the rocks it was dug into, the cables, attached to cranes and pulleys on barges, took over. The most fascinating part happened when enormous gray boxes, known as sponsons, that were attached to the dry side of the ship began to touch the water.

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #4 on: September 22, 2013, 10:17:00 PM »
Floating the Beast


Getty

Even though the ship was upright, the salvage operation isn't finished yet. The ship now has to be floated, if not entirely to where it was before the incident, at least to a point where it could be towed away. Unsurprisingly, ships aren't very hydrodynamic when they're half-sunk in the water and trying to drag that around would be a bit, shall we say, difficult.

Using more giant tanks attached to the side of the ship, compressed air will be pumped into the sponsons. As air is lighter than water, the ship should then float to a point at which the whole thing can be towed to a port to be scrapped. And you'd want to scrap it, considering the side of the ship that came out of the water looks like this:


Getty

Yuck.

The cost of the salvage so far? Only about $800 million.

http://jalopnik.com/

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #5 on: September 22, 2013, 10:22:55 PM »

After an incredible 19-hour salvage effort, the crippled Costa Concordia cruise liner was successfully pulled upright from its side in the waters off Tuscany yesterday in a make-or-break engineering attempt that had never before been tried in such conditions. (http://gizmodo.com/)

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #6 on: September 22, 2013, 10:47:43 PM »
The Costa Concordia ship lies on its side on the Tuscan Island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Sept. 15, 2013.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #7 on: September 22, 2013, 10:50:00 PM »
A woman in a swimsuit walks in front of the wreckage of the Costa Concordia.


Photo: Marco Secchi/Getty Images

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #8 on: September 22, 2013, 10:50:34 PM »
Reporters and cameramen work as the Costa Concordia ship lies on its side.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #9 on: September 22, 2013, 10:51:16 PM »
Titan and Micoperi workers are seen on the stricken Costa Concordia.


Photo: Laura Lezza/Getty Images

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #10 on: September 22, 2013, 10:51:52 PM »
Large buoyancy tanks are attached to the side of the ship. Look at the worker on the right side for scale.


Photo: Laura Lezza/Getty Images

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #11 on: September 22, 2013, 10:52:26 PM »
Authorities give the final go-ahead for a daring attempt on Monday to pull upright the crippled Costa Concordia cruise liner from its side. The cruiser doesn't budge for the first three hours of the operation.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #12 on: September 22, 2013, 10:53:08 PM »
Engineers work on the wreckage of the Costa Concordia Monday evening.


Photo: Marco Secchi/Getty Images

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #13 on: September 22, 2013, 10:53:47 PM »
The delicate operation to rotate the luxury liner from its capsized position to upright stretches into Tuesday, much later than had been anticipated.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #14 on: September 22, 2013, 10:54:38 PM »
The ship is pulled completely upright early Tuesday.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #15 on: September 22, 2013, 10:55:21 PM »
The parbuckling operation successfully rights the ship around 4 am on September 17, 2013.


Photo: Laura Lezza/Getty Images

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #16 on: September 22, 2013, 10:55:59 PM »
A detail of the right side of the Costa Concordia after it was lifted upright.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #17 on: September 22, 2013, 10:56:44 PM »
Full view of the level Costa Concordia.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #18 on: September 22, 2013, 11:12:52 PM »
A closer look at the damaged right side.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #19 on: September 22, 2013, 11:14:36 PM »
Officials declared a "perfect" end to a daring and unprecedented engineering feat.


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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #20 on: September 22, 2013, 11:15:39 PM »
The severely damaged side of the stricken Costa Concordia in daylight.


Photo: Marco Secchi/Getty Images

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #21 on: September 22, 2013, 11:17:27 PM »
The hull is still under water; there's still work to be done.


Photo: Andrew Medichini/AP

http://gizmodo.com/

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #22 on: September 22, 2013, 11:29:43 PM »
Costa Concordia salvage: Nick Sloane, the man behind the operation

By Tom Witherow
17 Sep 2013

For many, the salvage operation of the Costa Concordia seemed risky and dramatic, but for salvage master Nick Sloane it may have appeared rather mild.


The head of the parbuckling project Nick Sloane talks with reporters at the end of the "parbuckling" operation at the Giglio harbour. Photo: REUTERS

It was more than 30 years ago in 1980 that Mr Sloane started his career at sea with South African company Safmarine, where his first assignment was the rescue of Castillo de Bellver, a burning tanker filled with over 250,000 tons of crude oil stranded off the South African coast.

He has gone on to repair oil and gas lines in the Middle East and salvage a tanker hit by pirates off the Yemeni coast. The Brilliante Virtuoso was 20 miles from the port of Aden when it was set ablaze, but it was saved with no environmental damage.

His globetrotter lifestyle has had to be borne by his long-suffering wife, responsible for bringing up their 17-year-old twins and 10-year-old daughter.

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #23 on: September 22, 2013, 11:32:04 PM »
Previously described as a cross between Prince Harry and Russell Crowe, Sloane was hired by the American-Italian team of Titan Salvage and Micoperi to take charge of the Magnificent Eleven who rescued the Costa Concordia from the reef of idyllic Tuscan island, Giglio.

"I'm going to stand on deck and smoke a cigar as she's finally towed away", he said at a port-side bar during a recent visit. But he'll have to wait a bit before then the ship won't be towed to the scrapyard until well into 2014.

The righting of the huge ship, which at 951ft in length is larger than the Titanic, has taken months with more than 500 engineers, divers and welders operating round the clock. The most significant risk was that he ship would buckle – previously described by Mr Sloane as a "banana effect".

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Re: An engineering feat: Raising the Costa Concordia
« Reply #24 on: September 22, 2013, 11:33:17 PM »
Mr Sloane was mobbed by journalists and locals as he came ashore after the mission. He said that he never expected such a reception from the people of Giglio: "They've been fantastic for the last 20 months".

Mr Sloane replied to the hugs, kisses and echoes of 'Grazie' with a simple "Brilliant! Perfetto".

He spoke with characteristic calm, "It was a good challenge", he told the Daily Telegraph, "It was a struggle, a bit of a roller coaster. But for the whole team it was fantastic. I think the whole team is proud of what they achieved." "Everyone is very pleased with how it went. The next step is to inspect all the damage on the starboard side."

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/

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