Author Topic: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto  (Read 2041 times)

islander

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Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« on: July 16, 2015, 12:25:49 PM »

PLUTO TIMELINE

1930 Feb 18
Planet X (Pluto), the ninth planet of our solar system, was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh (1907-1997) at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz. It is 2.76 billion miles (5,888 million km.) from the sun at the closest point of its orbit. Pluto was later designated a "dwarf planet."


Clyde Tombaugh uses the Zeiss Blink Comparator to search for Pluto at Lowell Observatory near Flagstaff, in this file photo circa 1930.
 
1930 Mar 13
The Lowell Observatory in Arizona announced Clyde Tombaugh’s Feb 18 discovery of a new planet, later named Pluto.
 
1930 May 1
Pluto was first publicly announced as the name of a newly discovered planet. Venetia Phair had suggested the name to her grandfather, librarian Falconer Madan, who relayed the suggestion to his friend Herbert Hall Turner, professor of astronomy at Oxford. Madan rewarded Phair (1919-2009) with a five-pound note. The same purchasing power in 2009 would be about 230 pounds, or $350.



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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #1 on: July 16, 2015, 12:32:33 PM »
 
1978 Jun 22
James Christy, while working at the United States Naval Observatory, discovered that Pluto had a moon, which he named Charon.


 
1979 Jan 21
Neptune became the outermost planet as Pluto moved closer due to their highly elliptical orbits.



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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #2 on: July 16, 2015, 12:37:17 PM »

1983 Apr 25
The Pioneer 10 spacecraft crossed Pluto's orbit, speeding on its endless voyage through the Milky Way.


1983: Pioneer 10 becomes the first human-made object to pass outside Pluto's orbit and leave the central solar system.

1997 Jan 17
Clyde Tombaugh, the astronomer who discovered Pluto in 1930, died in New Mexico.

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #3 on: July 16, 2015, 12:44:32 PM »
 
2005 Oct 31
It was reported that Pluto has three moons, not one, according to new images from the Hubble Space Telescope suggest. Pluto, discovered as the ninth planet in 1930, was thought to be alone until its moon Charon was spotted in 1978.


 
2006 Jan 19
NASA launched its New Horizons spacecraft on a mission to Pluto following a 2-day delay. Scientists won't be able to receive data on Pluto until at least July 2015, the earliest date the mission is expected to arrive. The spacecraft carried ashes of Clyde Tombaugh (1906-1997), the man who discovered Pluto.



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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #4 on: July 16, 2015, 12:53:50 PM »
 
2006 Feb 1
The journal Nature reported that object UB313 is larger than Pluto according to German heat calculations.



2006 Jun 21
It was reported that the pair of moons orbiting Pluto were officially christened Nix and Hydra last week by the International Astronomical Union, which is in charge of approving celestial names.

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #5 on: July 16, 2015, 01:25:30 PM »
 
2006 Aug 24
Leading astronomers meeting in Prague declared that Pluto is no longer a planet under historic new guidelines that downsize the solar system from nine planets to eight.




what explains pluto's demotion?

Is Pluto a planet? Does it qualify? For an object to be a planet, it needs to meet these three requirements defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU):

It needs to be in orbit around the Sun – Yes, so maybe Pluto is a planet.

It needs to have enough gravity to pull itself into a spherical shape – Pluto…check

It needs to have “cleared the neighborhood” of its orbit – Uh oh. Here’s the rule breaker. According to this, Pluto is not a planet.

What does “cleared its neighborhood” mean? As planets form, they become the dominant gravitational body in their orbit in the Solar System. As they interact with other, smaller objects, they either consume them, or sling them away with their gravity. Pluto is only 0.07 times the mass of the other objects in its orbit. The Earth, in comparison, has 1.7 million times the mass of the other objects in its orbit.

Any object that doesn’t meet this 3rd criteria is considered a dwarf planet. And so, Pluto is a dwarf planet. There are still many objects with similar size and mass to Pluto jostling around in its orbit. And until Pluto crashes into many of them and gains mass, it will remain a dwarf planet. Eris suffers from the same problem.

It’s not impossible to imagine a future, though, where astronomers discover a large enough object in the distant Solar System that could qualify for planethood status. Then our Solar System would have 9 planets again.


more at http://www.universetoday.com/13573/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #6 on: July 16, 2015, 01:29:33 PM »

PUBLIC REACTIONS TO PLUTO'S DEMOTION (OR HOW EARTHLINGS STOOD UP FOR PLUTONIANS):













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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #7 on: July 16, 2015, 01:38:50 PM »
 
2011 Jul 20
NASA said that the Hubble Space Telescope has found a 4th moon circling Pluto.


 
2012 Jul 11
US astronomer Mark Showalter of the SETI Institute said he has detected a 5th moon around Pluto. Showalter used the Hubble Space Telescope and said the new moon, named P-5, is about 6-15 miles across.


 
2013 Jul 2
The Int’l. Astronomical Union announced the names of Kerberos and Styx for two moons of Pluto.



http://www.timelinesdb.com/, http://www.nature.com/, images from various online sources

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #8 on: July 16, 2015, 02:06:20 PM »



Some craters and other surface features spotted on Pluto by NASA's New Horizons probe in 2015 may end up bearing the name of "Star Trek" characters, as this screenshot from a Google+ Hangout demonstrates.
Credit: SETI Institute (via Google+/YouTube)

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #11 on: July 16, 2015, 04:04:58 PM »

on second thoughts, dear earth...



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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #12 on: July 16, 2015, 04:05:44 PM »


Pluto, as constructed from multiple NASA Hubble Space Telescope photographs taken from 2002 to 2003.  Credit: NASA, ESA, and M. Buie (Southwest Research Institute)

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #13 on: July 16, 2015, 04:12:48 PM »

Composition & structure

Atmospheric composition: Methane, nitrogen

Magnetic field: It remains unknown whether Pluto has a magnetic field, but its small size and slow rotation suggest it has little to none.

Chemical composition: Probably a mixture of 70 percent rock and 30 percent water ice.

Internal structure: Probably a rocky core surrounded by a mantle of water ice, with more exotic ices such as methane and nitrogen frost coating its surface.


Credit: Karl Tate, SPACE.com

Orbit & rotation

Average distance from the sun: 3,670,050,000 miles (5,906,380,000 km) — 39.482 times that of Earth

Perihelion (closest approach to the sun): 2,756,902,000 miles (4,436,820,000 km) — 30.171 times that of Earth

Aphelion (farthest distance from the sun): 4,583,190,000 miles (7,375,930,000 km) — 48.481 times that of Earth

more at http://www.space.com/43-pluto-the-ninth-planet-that-was-a-dwarf.html

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #14 on: July 16, 2015, 04:28:49 PM »


The latest image from the New Horizons spacecraft that passed with 7,800 miles of Pluto yesterday, is shown during a NASA news conference July 15, 2015 in Laurel, Maryland (Mark Wilson/Getty Images/AFP)

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #15 on: July 16, 2015, 04:29:29 PM »


Pluto’s largest moon, Charon (New Horizons/NASA)

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #16 on: July 16, 2015, 04:50:04 PM »


This Tuesday, July 14, 2015 image provided by NASA on Wednesday shows a region near Pluto's equator with a range of mountains captured by the New Horizons spacecraft. (NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI)

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2015-07-mind-peaks-pluto-canyons-charon.html#jCp

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Re: Our Sentimental Journey with Pluto
« Reply #17 on: July 16, 2015, 11:31:06 PM »
Hmm, reminds me of Poe's Plutonian shore...





Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,
By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,
“Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,” I said, “art sure no craven,
Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—
Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night’s Plutonian shore!”
            Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”




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