In rural areas of India, the Earth Institute has begun testing new moisture sensor technology, which can automatically irrigate crops based on the dryness of the soil. The idea is to prevent crops from being over watered, though the technology is still above the target price point for most developing world farmers.
In the US, the challenges are far larger in scope. In its annual report card on the state of US infrastructure, for instance, the American Society of Civil Engineers assigned a "D" grade to the country's dams and drinking water systems, calling for new investments to meet the growing demands of industries and civilians. Federal spending has been a divisive topic on Capitol Hill, but experts say that failing to invest in the nation's water infrastructure could lead to disastrous results down the road.
"Many dams around the country are nearing their end-of-life, and huge investments will be required to maintain the current water storage and supply," Russo says. "We will need to invest heavily in infrastructure maintenance and improvement over the next few decades. The timeline is relatively short."
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