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^ Wala jud Tagalogers dinha? Luuy pood ka, Belle! Salamt intaon naa kaning TB site no?

Quote from: Wyble on September 03, 2007, 11:42:01 AM
unsa man pod diay ang nostalgia???

Nostalgia is when a person (it could be you, me, anyone really) remembers a particular person, thing, place, group of peope, location, event--which was stored within the cognitive processes of the central nervous system the brain--something in the external environment initiates/ induces the person to recall those recorded events.
Hence there nostalgia.

A particular example of this, Belle, is say you meet someone that is from Mindanao and you guys were talking about the fiestas you went to--and the person you were talking to mentioned the word 'diniguan' and automatically--your cognitive system triggers your brain to recall memories associated with 'diniguan' per se experiences you had with your family and friends back in Mindanao dealing with diniguan.  As a result of the immediate flooding of images of past events, loved ones, friends etc--your body reacts to it with awe, emotionality (which is manifested in either crying ((which is a result of stressed glands within the obicularis oculi and obicularis oris of the orbitory tract in the muscofacial system)).

As a result, nostalgia is manifested.


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The limbic system is a complex set of structures that lies on both sides and underneath the thalamus, just under the cerebrum.  It includes the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala, and several other nearby areas.  It appears to be primarily responsible for our emotional life, and has a lot to do with the formation of memories. In particular, the hypothalamus is responsible for regulating your hunger, thirst, response to pain, levels of pleasure, sexual satisfaction, anger and aggressive behavior, and more.  It also regulates the functioning of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, which in turn means it regulates things like pulse, blood pressure, breathing, and arousal in response to emotional circumstances.

The hypothalamus sends instructions to the rest of the body in two ways.  The first is to the autonomic nervous system.  This allows the hypothalamus to have ultimate control of things like blood pressure, heartrate, breathing, digestion, sweating, and all the sympathetic and parasympathetic functions.

The other way the hypothalamus controls things is via the pituitary gland.  It is neurally and chemically connected to the pituitary, which in turn pumps hormones called releasing factors into the bloodstream.  As you know, the pituitary is the so-called “master gland,” and these hormones are vitally important in regulating growth and metabolism--and contribute to memory retrieval due to external causatives.



Hope that helps and explains.

So what is the theme song you have with your 'special someone'  ? Share with us the song and how it became the 'theme' song. lol

Go ahead, guys!

Powerful jud na ang prayer!! Basin sick ko or sad ko in my life because of stress from classes or family--mo pray jud ko--and after prayer ma ka feel jud ko happier. Like a heavy load was lifted from my shoulders.

Live life and give thanks to Him for every day, every hour, every moment we have with family, friends. Amen!

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on September 02, 2007, 04:32:19 AM
mga new generations lagi karon sa mga muslim arabs kay mga bogo man lagi!

They are too busy with religion instead of science and learning as their ancestors were MASTERS at!! The muslim world during the 11th-15th centuries were the most advanced region in the western world. Kuyawa jud na!

Quote from: EL MUNDO on September 03, 2007, 11:08:09 AM
mao ba? grabe baya ang contribution sa mga muslim in the medicine.

That is really true, Islam was very superlative in inducing learning and growth of culture, you know. It was actually the muslims of the Abbasid Caliphate and during the Suljuk Turkish rule that the old greek texts were preserved and re-written in arabic. Actually, this is how Europeans came into contact with it--during the crusades in the 12th-14th centuries, the european crusaders came into contact with the arabic translation of the original greek texts and scripts that were THOUGHT to have been lost in time. Amazing how the muslim rulers were prone to keep and preserve the arts and culture of the past; they did have respect for past societies, as most anthropologist and historians conclude.

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Here are also the things the muslims contributed to science and technology:

Did you know that hospitals, as we know them today, were first established by early Muslims. They offered the best available medical service at that time and cared for all people free of charge. Muslims are honour-bound to provide treatment for the sick, whoever they may be.

The first organised hospital was built in Cairo in 872CE. The Ahmad ibn Tûlûn Hospital treated and gave free medicine to all patients. It provided separate bath houses for men and women, a rich library and a section for the insane.

Patients deposited their street clothes with the hospital authorities for safe keeping, before donning special ward clothes and being assigned to their beds. Each patient would also have his or her own medical record.

Hospitals like these flourished as Muslim rulers competed to see who could construct the most dvanced centres. They spread all over the Muslim world reaching Sicily and North Africa.The earliest Muslim hospitals were funded by charitable religious endowments, called waqf, and some money from the state coffers was also used to maintain some hospitals.



Hospital Zone Highlights

   Learn about the cutting-edge surgeon Al-Zahrawi, known in the west as Abulcasis.
Al-Zahrawi introduced more than 200 surgical tools in his medical encyclopaedia. He included illustrations and detailed information on how and when each instrument was to be used. 
   
Did you know that nearly every medical book by Muslims a thousand years ago covered some aspect of eye diseases?
Muslim ophthalmologists of the 10th to 13th centuries were performing operations, dissecting, discovering, and writing about their findings in textbooks and monographs. 
See the many different medical journals written 1000 years ago that still exist today.
Muslim medics wrote voluminous handbooks, many of which were translated into Latin. One of these was the ‘Canon’ by Ibn Sina, which remained a primary reference for centuries. 



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Did you know that the Arabic word for mosque is Jami' and the Arabic for university is Jami'a? A thousand years ago the first universities emerged within mosques where religion and science sat comfortably side by side.

Building on knowledge from Babylonian, Egyptian, Greek, Chinese and Indian Civilisations, Muslims developed a learning culture where enquiring minds searched for truths based on scientific rigour and experimentation. In almost every field of knowledge, Muslims made new inventions and discoveries with practical outcomes that helped develop society.

Muslim charitable institutions provided the first scholarships to support students.Courses were difficult and medicine was particularly gruelling, and just like in universities today, examinations were long and difficult.


School Zone Highlights
   
Explore the unique link between mosques and universities in Islam more than 1000 years ago.
As more and more students attended universities, ijazas, or certificates, were awarded to those who graduated. These ijazas could be the origin of the word ‘baccalareus’. Today the International Baccalaureate is a qualification for international students.
Learn about advances made by Jabir ibn Hayyan’s research in the field of chemistry.
Known in the west as Geber, he is considered to be the founder of chemistry due to his enormous contributions to the field. 
Discover the origins of the term chairperson or ‘chair’.
Over a thousand years ago, Muslim schools and universities had study circles with groups of students gathered around a professor who was seated on a chair or kursi. It is this notion that evolved into a professional position, the chairperson


17th century Turkish manuscript showing a Madrasa in Istanbul.
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Amazing diba?

Quote from: junayag on September 03, 2007, 12:19:32 AM

... the feeling that one has witnessed or experienced a new situation previously (remembering the future).  Have you encountered this?  Let's demystify...

An explanation for déjà vu is that there is a slight malfunctioning between the long and short-term memory circuits of the brain. Somehow, specific information shortcuts its way from short to long-term memory storage, bypassing the usual mechanisms used for storage transfer. The details concerning this shortcut are not yet well understood. When this new, recent piece of information is drawn upon, the person thinks that the piece is coming from long-term storage and so must have come from the distant past. A similar theory says that the error is in the timing of the perceptive and cognitive processes. Sensory information is rerouted on its way to memory storage and, so, is not immediately perceived. This short delay causes the sensation of experiencing and remembering something at the same time, a very unsettling feeling. One other explanation is that déjà vu is actually the process of remembering memory connections, of following the impulses and synapses. All of these neurobiologically based explanations for déjà vu seem plausible and intriguing and perhaps there is some overlap or combination that accounts for the different experiences we call déjà vu.

Dejavu, or as what myself and other scientists would say is the epitome of the complex nature of the central and peripheral nervous system, the abilities within the cognitive self--and the beauty of the human body.

How brilliant and intelligent is our God, who willed us to be who we are

**Taken from my research thesis on ecological microbiology: Lotka Voltera Model Analysis**

The topic of developing a strategy for a rural village of about 500 people to create a community water supply that was safe to drink would be met without having to spend such a vast amount of capital in building large water treatment facilities that spend millions of dollars annually to treat water via UV light as well as chlorination. One logical way for this rural community to have a community water supply that is affordable for about 500 people is building a local reservoir system that will take advantage and collect rainwater, ground water.

To accommodate the community, plumbing systems will be built to every household and instead of the typical iron and metal-based plumbing systems, which are known to rust; the plumbing systems will be composed of a plastic inner layer allowing the collected water from the reservoir to pass tow every single house and thus minimize the amount of water’s interaction with water and any pathogens in the plumbing system. The outer layer of the plumbing system will be composed of platinum, which will provide structural support for the plumbing systems and due to its rust resistant capability, will be effective for the water. Now the plumbing systems will also have a local filter in each household that will prevent large bacteria and pathogen from entering. This is only the primary part of the water system, the second part is hiring workers to operate the local dam water reservoir and have the specialized workers that have a four water system treatment before being sent to the plumbing system to each household. The first phase is the boiling phase, which will boil water to up to 85 degrees and after the samples are boiled, sent to the second phase which will apply algaecides, which will kill and inhibit any gree or blue algae that were inside the water. Then the water samples will be sent to the third phase, which will utilize the use of neutralizing agents, In order to neutralize acids and basics we use either sodium hydroxide solution or calcium carbonate to increase pH levels and as a result neutralization causes a rise in temperature levels. The fourth system will be utilizing fluoride removal from the water samples and after all these systems are met, the water will be then sent to the plumbing system and will go through the ultrafilter that will be installed in each house to prevent the entrance of small bacteria and some large pores.

The use of this water treatment facility will be effective and provides clean drinking water for the people because the treatment plant itself will be small;  about 1/5th the size of a water treatment plant/dam in large cities. This way its cost effective for the small community. Additionally, to apply this setting, we would also be requesting a massive contribution by the state or federal government to run this experiment thereby having financial factors to pay and operate the system for the benefit of the local community.

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1.   Many bacterial communities in soil and aquatic systems include diverse bacteria that each utilize different assimilatory or dissimilatory pathways for nutrients such as sulfur or nitrogen. We are given that one bacterium is able to fix nitrogen, meaning that it is a nitrogen fixing bacteria. By this process, a nitrogen fixing bacteria like azotobacter, klebsiella, clostridium, and methanococcus will reduce atmospheric gaseous nitrogen to ammonia. In this process, the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia is catalyzed by a nitrogenase enzyme. The process of nitrogen fixation is quite exergonic for these bacterial organisms needs and requires a large ATP expenditure, at least 8 electrons and 16 ATP molecules, 4 ATPs per pair of electrons are necessary. It can be seen in the procedure of:
N2+ 8H+ + 16 ATP
                2NH3 +H2+16ADP +16Pi

Although nitrogen gas is numerous in the atmosphere, there are very few organisms that can fix nitrogen and some organisms must incorporate either ammonia or nitrate. Ammonia nitrogen can be incorporated into organic material relatively easily and directly because of its abundance and one major route for ammonia incorporation often is the formation of glutamate from ?-ketoglutarate. Microorganisms will then utilize transaminase, which when worked with glutamate dehydrogenase, will incorporate ammonia into a variety of amino acids. Another route of ammonia incorporation that some bacteria use is the use of the enzymes glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. Ammonia is used to synthesize glutamine from glutamate, and transfers amide nitrogen back to the ? ketoglutarate to make more glutamate molecules. In this pathway, glutamate acts as an amino donor in transaminase reactions, ammonia may be used to synthesize all common amino acids when suitable transaminase enzymes are present. This particular route is common for organisms such as E. coli and B. magaterium. Some other organisms also utilize the pathway called assimilatory nitrate reduction, which reduces nitrate to ammonia before the nitrogen can be converted to an organic form. The process takes place in the cytoplasm in the bacteria and the process is seen as:
         NO3- + NADPH + H+ ? NO2- + NADP+ + H20
Nitrite is next reduced to ammonia with a series of two electron additions catalyzed by nitrite reductase and possibly other enzymes. The ammonia is then incorporated into amino acids. Although there is another procedure, which is anaerobic based, called the dissimilatory nitrate reduction pathway, which is also used by organisms such as Paracoccus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pathway can be seen as:
            NO3- + 2e- + 2H ? NO2- + H20

2.   Oxygen can pose as a problem in nitrogen fixation because nitrogenase, which is responsible for catalyzing the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia, is quite sensitive to O2 and must be protected from O2 inactivation within the cell. Poisoned by oxygen because molecular O2 looks like molecular N2 to an enzyme’s point of view; the stronger electron acceptor will oxidize the metal cofactors in the nitrogenase enzyme. Bacteria do have a protection from oxygen and is a structure called the heterocyst. The three strategies that the nitrogen fixing bacteria utilize to prevent oxygen from entering the nitrogen-fixing machinery include the use of temporal, spatial and symbiotic strategies. The temporal strategy, which is used by Synechococcus, will photosynthesize by day and fix nitrogen by night. The Spatial strategy, which is used by anabaena, utilizes the heterocyst, which is a protection from oxygen. The symbiotic strategy, which is utilized by Rhizobium, depends on a second organism, in the case of Rhizobium, it will get a plant to supply energy and O2 free environment is observed (leghemoglobin).

3.   Bacteria use three different pathways for the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate. These three pathways include the Glycoloytic pathway (Embden-Meyerhoff pathway), Pentose phosphate pathway, and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. From running the Glycolytic pathway, glucose (C6) will lead to 2 glyceraldehyde 3-P (3P) and will then lead to 2 pyruvate (C3) and yields 2 ATP and 4 NADH per glucose. This is the most common for glucose breakdown and can go in the presence or absence of O2, and this is quite common in all major groups of microorganisms. This pathway is rather is the most energetically efficient. The second pathway, called the Pentose phosphate pathway starts off with (C6)?3 ribulose 5P (C5) ? 2 C5 ? C3 + C7 ?C6(fructose) + C4; C4 + C5 ? C3 (glyceraldehyde 3P) + C6 (fructose) and yields 2 NADPH per glucose. The fructose is then recycled. The cells that do this for bio synthetic purposes and not for energy, on the contrary, organisms that use Pentose phosphate pathway also use the Glycoloytic pathway for energy. The Entner-Doudoroff pathway takes glucose? KDGP (2-keot-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate) ? 2 pyruvate; yields 1 ATP, 1 NADH, 1 NADPH per glucose; is substituted for glycolysis in Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Agrobacterium etc. The 1NADH is used for catabolic reactions and the 1 NADPH is used for anabolic reactions such as photosynthesis and to build things. And the reason, as explained, for choosing to run each pathway even if its not the most energy-yielding pathway is because these pathways are essential for either biosynthetic purposes (building), anabolic reactions, catabolic reactions; there is a reason for running each pathway.

4.   The reason why most amino acid encoding operons repressible while most sugar-metabolizing operons are inducible because enzymes whose amount of reduced by the presence of an end product are repressible enzymes, which in this case are amino acids for the amino acid encoding operons. An amino acid present in the surroundings may inhibit (repress) the formation of the enzymes responsible for its biosynthesis. This is why most amino acid encoding operons are repressible. However, sugar metabolizing operons are inducible, that is, its level rises in the presence of a small molecule called an inducer. This means that sugar metabolizing operons can be increased in growth or number in the presence of an inducer; the regulater gene, snynthesizes an active repressor that binds to the operator, and blocks RNA polymerase binding to the promoter, unless the inducer inactivates it, of course. As a result, in the presence of the inducer, the repressor protein is inactive and transcription will occur. In this case, sugar will be processed.
Sporulation genes are controlled by sigma factors rather than by inducible or repressible operons because the sigma factors (there are for kinds, the sigma e, sigma f, sigma g, and sigma k) are proteins that binds to the RNA polymerase and change the promoter specificity. The reason for this is that although the RNA polymerase core enzyme can transcribe any gene to produce a messenger RNA copy, it needs the assistance of a sigma factor to bind the promoter and initiate transcription. This provides a means for regulating gene expression; if a complex process requires a radical change in transcription, or the synthesis of several gene products in a precisely timed sequence, it may be regulated by a series of sigma factors; each sigma factor (there are four kinds), enables the RNA polymerase core enzyme to recognize a specific set of promoters and transcribe only those genes.  And as a result cannot be controlled by inducible or repressible operons. It is also critical to understand that sigma e and sigma f are responsible for controlling expression in the mother cell, the sigma g controls the expression in spore and the sigma k controls expression of mother cell lysis genes.
The process of sporulation becomes irreversible at a certain stage and this stage is in stage 0, in which there is miroorganismic decision to sporulate, which means that the mother cell will eventually die. Microorganism is motivated by environmental extremities such as starvation etc, and thus causes a signaling cascade in which kinase phosphorylates Spo0F protein. And as a result, Spo0F transfers PO4 to Spo0B, which transfers it to Spo0A, which in turn causes expression of sigma factors for sporulation. Once this occurs, it is impossible to reverse because once this happens, the sigma factors will then bind to RNA polymerase and change the promoter specificity. As a result of this, one will become a ‘mother cell’ and the other will become a ‘spore’. The latter stages such as stage I leads to the condensation of DNA into a nucleoid, , stage II is when the cell membrane engulfs DNA and forms forespore septum and forespore is the cell that is developing into the spore. Stage III is when the membrane surrounds forespore again, stage IV is when the cortex layer is formed between the membranes, thus helps remove water form the inside of the cell and protects from heat and radiation as well. Stage V is when the protein coats form around the cortex, stage VI is when the spore matures and lastly stage VII is when the mother cell lyses and thus releases the spore. From understanding these stages and steps, it is evident that stage O prepares the steps for sporulation and thus it is the stage where sporulation is irreversible because once the sigma proteins binds to the RNA polymerase and changes the promoter specificity, the outcome is essentially ? sporulation.

5.   Bacteria ferment even though it produces so much less ATP than respiring because bacteria have no external electron acceptors, thus it has to use its own electron acceptor; no electron transport; no electron transport chain (no electron acceptor) but it is necessary because NADH must be recycled for glycolysis to continue and survive. Certain bacteria ferment such as homolactic fermentors, which reduce pyruvate to lactate; the heterolactic fermentors, which allow the variety of end products such as lactate, EtOH, CO2 and there are the formic acid fermentors, which produce format? H2O + CO2; present in Escherichia, Salmonella, Proteus to name a few. It is also critical to understand that when dealing with respiration, there is some kind of external electron acceptor; and an electron transport chain; however in dealing with fermentation, there is no external electron acceptor; hence one has to use own electron acceptor; no electron transport. Considering the importance of fermentation and the end result of NADH and its recycling for the process of glycolysis to continue, it is clearly evident why bacteria ferment.
Anaerobic respiration produce less ATP than aerobic respiration because due to the lack of oxygen, pyruvate is not metabolized by cellular respiration, but by fermentation and unlike in aerobic respiration, the pyruvate is not sent to the mitochondia, but kept in the cytoplasm of the cell where it eventually converted to waste products. One has also to keep in mind that during aerobic respiration, oxygen is present and as a result during the process 36 ATPs per glucose is produced whereas in anaerobic respiration only 2 ATPs per glucose are produced. Both anaerobic and aerobic respiration share similar initial pathway of glycolysis, but aerobic metabolism continues with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation while anaerobic does not. Microorganisms that utilize anaerobic respiration include obligate aerobes such as C. tetani and C. perfringens. The pathway of anaerobic respiration is seen as: C6H12O6 ---> 2C3H6O3 + 2 ATP.

6.   The restriction endonuclease and the restriction methylase systems protect a bacterium from viral inspection in that these are both restriction enzymes in that they are naturally present in bacteria to keep out unwanted DNA (viruses in particular) and restricts the entry of DNA into the cell. These restriction enzymes recongizes a 6-8 bp sequence , usually palindromic; the restriction enzymes will cut somewhere in the sequence and may leave overhanging nucleotides, which are called ‘sticky ends’; may even cut strands evenly called ‘blunt ends’. The cell must have a way to protect its own DNA thus restriction methylase and restriction endonuclease are critical. These restriction enzymes tage the genomic and plasmid DNA as its own and the methyl group causes steric hindrance, thus restriction enzymes cant bind and cut. It is also important to know that all commerical restriction enzymes are cloned from different bacterial species in example: EcoRI- E. coli, strain R, first enzyme discovered.
           EcorV-E. coli, strain R, fifth enzyme discovered
           Hinfl-Haemophilus influenzae

7.   The PCR process was not practical before the discovery of extremely thermophilic archaeans in that PCR (polymerase chain reaction) process involves the use of in vitro of fast working polymerase and involves in the idea that thermophilic bacteria have Pol proteins that can survive and endure extreme high heat. Primers bind DNA at ~65? C and strands denature at ~95?C, while the Pol elongates at around 72-80?C. The PCR process tests with varying temperatures requires the comprehension of the concept that enzyme doesn’t denature after repeating temperature cycles. So, without the discovery of extremely thermophilic archaeans, heat loving bacteria, then PCR would have never been tested because PCR was developed after the discovery of thermophilic bacteria such as Thermus aquaticus and Pyrococcus furiosus, both being vent dwelling thermophiles. After their discovery, it was needed to understand their primer binding temperature range and their denaturation range as well as their pol elongation range. One can say that the discovery of thermophilic archaeans was the catalyst for the invention and eventual use of the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) process by Kary Mullis to synthesize the large quantities of a DNA fragment without cloning it.

8.   The trp operon is regulated by attenuation, rather than by being inducible or repressible. At any given time, a cell will be producing trp mRNA, whether it needs to make tryptophan or not. One also has to consider that the synthesis of a leader peptide bya ribosome while RNA polymerase is transcribing the leader region regulates transcription therefore the tryptophan operon is expressed only when there is insufficient tryptophan available.  The trp operon’s usage of attenuation means that mRNA encodes the leader peptide before the first actually trip synthesis protein. From this, the leader peptide mRNA has 4 hairpin-side-forming regions and at the first side are 2 trp codons. If the cell is low on trp, then the RNA pol stalls here while waiting for trp-Trp-tRNA. This prevents first pair of sides from forming hair pin so that 2&3  form loose hairpin and translation continues and as a result tryptophan is made. If there are high presence of trip, RNA pol breezes through and 1&2 will form hairpin, thus allowing 3&4 to form hairpin. The 3&4 hairpin is quite tight and causes termination of transcription, which is called rho-independent terminator. This is why this ‘wasteful’ strategy works.

Quote from: junayag on September 03, 2007, 12:25:54 AM

After being a Tubag Bohol memeber, after knowing each other, after discovering oneself, after sharing emotions, after seeing the light.... where do we go?

Hah! After checking what you guys post--i go back to doing more academic work!! Really tho--TB is a way for me to relax and release some stress because after working 5-6 hours on these lab projects and talking in science terminology--it feels great to unwind and read/communicate in bisaya with you guys!

Its like a home from away from home, so to say.

Quote from: Mari on September 02, 2007, 04:02:30 AM
i usually work at night and early hours in the morning. that's usually how artists' clock are ticking. my creativity peaks when darkness fall...kumbaga night owl. i was painting my soon to be cybercafe when someone just peeped on my window jalousy. i saw his face stuck close to the glass. what was that guy doing in my window around 2 AM?  He seem to be checking out what's inside the house or was he planning a scheme? Maybe he thought everyone was sleeping. After hearing all the stories about robbery and stuff, that got to my nerves. it was really creepy having been faced to faced with a stranger with just a piece of glass in between. im just letting all of u know just in case anything happens to me if that guy's brain turns nuts.

Lift some weights and get some muscles, when you're buffer--that should intimidate most men from harming you..hahahaha..but then again..do you want to be a buffy chick?

^Bastosa pood kadtong tao, Belle. Walang yata..

Quote from: junayag on September 03, 2007, 12:00:16 AM


people go for short term solution rather than a long term as they lack patience for waiting... that is why there is no permanent solution...

      “Let nothing disturb thee; Let nothing dismay thee; All thing pass; God never changes. Patience attains All that it strives for. He who has God Finds he lacks nothing:God alone suffices.”
-St. Teresa of Avila

This is another popular hit over here in the US:

Beautiful Girls Remix by Sean Kingston:
http://youtube.com/watch?v=jMxWr0lAyvw

The Islamic civilization rose to primacy in medical science as Muslim physicians contributed significantly to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology, with such thinkers as Abu al-Qasim (Abulcasis), Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Ibn Nafis, and Al-Razi (Rhazes).

Ibn Nafis (d. 1288) described human blood circulation. This discovery would be 'rediscovered' by William Harvey in 1628. Although it is startling that Ibn Nafis had made the discovery so long before Harvey, there is no indication that Harvey had read the treatise, or that Ibn Nafis' works were available to the West at that time. Maimonides, although a Jew himself, made various contributions to Arabic medicine in the 13th century.

The Comprehensive Book of Medicine was written by Rhazes. The Large Comprehensive, was the most sought after of all his compositions. In it, Rhazes recorded clinical cases of his own experience and provided very useful recordings of various diseases. The "Comprehensive Book of Medicine", with its introduction on measles and smallpox, was also very influential in Europe.

Al-Kindi was a great Muslim doctor, who wrote many books on the subject of medicine. The Mutazilite philosopher and doctor Ibn Sina was another influential figure. His "The Canon of Medicine" remained a standard text in Europe up until the renewal of the Muslim tradition of scientific medicine. Ibn Nafis described human blood circulation. This discovery would be rediscovered, or perhaps merely demonstrated, by William Harvey in 1628. He generally receives most of his credit in Western history.

Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), regarded as the "father of modern surgery",[6] contributed greatly to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a 30-volume medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries.

Avicenna, who is considered one of the greatest medical scholars in history, wrote The Canon of Medicine and The Book of Healing, which remained popular textbooks in the Islamic world and medieval Europe for centuries.

In the 15th century, the Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan ("Anatomy of the body") contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems. The Arab physician Ibn al-Nafis, proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy.[7]

Unani medicine is the ancient system of medicine which is based on Arabic and Persian teaching and is widely practiced in India.

George Sarton, the father of the history of science, wrote in the Introduction to the History of Science:[8]

"Through their medical investigations they not merely widened the horizons of medicine, but enlarged humanistic concepts generally. [...] Thus it can hardly have been accidental that those researches should have led them that were inevitably beyond the reach of Greek masters. If it is regarded as symbolic that the most spectacular achievement of the mid-twentieth century is atomic fission and the nuclear bomb, likewise it would not seem fortuitous that the early Muslim's medical endeavor should have led to a discovery that was quite as revolutionary though possibly more beneficent."

"A philosophy of self-centredness, under whatever disguise, would be both incomprehensible and reprehensible to the Muslim mind. That mind was incapable of viewing man, whether in health or sickness as isolated from God, from fellow men, and from the world around him. It was probably inevitable that the Muslims should have discovered that disease need not be born within the patient himself but may reach from outside, in other words, that they should have been the first to establish clearly the existence of contagion."

"One of the most famous exponents of Muslim universalism and an eminent figure in Islamic learning was Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna (981-1037). For a thousand years he has retained his original renown as one of the greatest thinkers and medical scholars in history. His most important medical works are the Qanun (Canon) and a treatise on Cardiac drugs. The 'Qanun fi-l-Tibb' is an immense encyclopedia of medicine. It contains some of the most illuminating thoughts pertaining to distinction of mediastinitis from pleurisy; contagious nature of phthisis; distribution of diseases by water and soil; careful description of skin troubles; of sexual diseases and perversions; of nervous ailments."

"We have reason to believe that when, during the crusades, Europe at last began to establish hospitals, they were inspired by the Arabs of near East.... The first hospital in Paris, Les Quinze-vingt, was founded by Louis IX after his return from the crusade 1254-1260."


This manuscript, dated circa 1200CE, is kept at the Cairo National Library. Image of copy is by Zereshk. The eye according to Hunain ibn Ishaq

Quote from: Franklin on September 02, 2007, 12:27:04 AM
Who said Jesus promoted prostitution, or commended prostitutes.
I don't think that his point (when he said "don't tell your neighbor that he has a splinter in his eye, when you have a log in your eye." was to lead others at all!
He means take care of your own problems.
Maybe he meant by the "log in eye" that it was a bigger sin to act self-righteous.

Our Lord was basically saying "do not judge lest you be judged..do unto others as you would have others do unto you".

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 11:27:03 PM
i think he removed first his pustiso and using his gum muscles

..........

“I never thought (the crowd) was that huge. When you realize you are not
alone, you grow stronger ... Sanay tayo diyan \”
-President Ferdinand E. Marcos

“Leadership is the other side of the coin of loneliness, and he who is a leader must always act alone. And acting alone, accept everything alone.”
-President Ferdinand E. Marcos

Elect me as your congressman today, I promise you an Ilocano president in 20 years.
-President Ferdinand E. Marcos

When authoritarianism is no longer necessary to protect the welfare of the people, I will be the first to move for its dismantling. But the easy, casual wave of the hand dismissing the dangers that confront the worsening world situation and us is not for me. It is for those who insist that I dismantle martial law against my best judgment but, legally and morally, cannot be held liable for any Kampuchean-like tragedy that would be fall our people if I followed their advice. But I would be liable. I would be called all kinds of names. I would be called stupid, naïve and obstinate. History and our people would hold me accountable not only perhaps for lack of wisdom, but for lack of courage if I followed such advice.
-President Ferdinand E. Marcos

We cannot and we will not negotiate with terrorists. We have nothing but contempt for them. To conciliate differences with these people without them changing their objectives is to condemn our Republic to ultimate strangulation and death.
-President E. Marcos (in reference to the MNLF/MILF war)

Wow..were we really 2nd richest in Asia? ...

Quote from: Wyble on September 01, 2007, 10:47:14 PM
Oni Amen, amen, i used to be a caregiver in LA before i got married for ten years i had a very good reputation as a nurse (as what they call me) kay its not only that i know how but i cared a lot and i did my job with too much pride...

You're one of the 'healing angels' in the medical system, Belle. Mao jud.

Religion is an issue of conscience. Everyone is free to conform to the commands of their coscience. We show respect for religion; we are not against a way of thinking of thoughts. We are only trying not to mix religious afairs with the affairs of nation and the state, we are avoiding reactionary actions that are based on evil intent and deed.
-Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

He who does not know how to look back at where he came from will never get to his destination.
-Sr. Dr. Jose P. Rizal

A gobierno inmoral corresponde un pueblo desmoralizado; a administracion sin concencia, ciudadanos rapaces y serviles en el poblado, bandidos y ladrones en las montañas. Tal amo, tal esclavo. Tal gobierno, tal pais!
Sr. Dr. Jose P. Rizal

**translated version**
To an immoral government belongs a demoralized people; to an administration without conscience, servile and rapacious citizens in the cities, thieves and bandits in the countyside. Like master, like slave. Like government, like country.

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 10:27:25 PM
Hi Pare!

Respect to the Koreans!  "ARE WE NOT AN EGOISTIC FOLKS?"

Let Gervistil paste this theme in thread "FILIPINOS ARE NO LONGER POOR? , ok tnxs

Im so happy pre, that many people in the world have that view of us Filipinos!! Here in the states', most of the people ive come into contact in the hospital where I volunteer--they always ask if I'm Filipino. hahaha..ingoon kono sila that when they were in beside--they were cared for by Filipina nurses. Na amazed jud ko..kai it says alot if patients remember their caregivers being Filipinas..buutan man jud ta. One thing I notice about Filipinos---even if we are experiencing difficult times jud--we still go to work and put on a happy face. Thats what my momm tells me: "Ayaw jud pa suko sa ang tao, Bran, kai ug mo suku ka nila..ma sakitan ilang dughan. Bahala jud na even if bati ang patients nimo..i-treat-an lang sila with care and respect kai mo balik man jud na nimo. Dili lang ka maka kita sa karon, per sa unya or in the future."

Quote from: Macky Ferniz on August 31, 2007, 02:49:22 AM
Correct me if I'm wrong, our population growth rate is faster than our economy growth rate. So how come our GDP will improve in 20 years if GDP depends on the population?

The Solution is "control population". Look at the above list of richest countries in Asia, Hong-kong is number one because they have few population. Actually Hong-kong is not a country anymore, it is a part of China. While China has more resources and money than Hong-kong but due to their huge population (25% of world's population), they landed only on the 10th.

I wonder why Brunei is not listed on the above. Also the Middle East is also part of Asia (Saudi, Kuwait, Dubai...etc.). There must be something wrong with this survey.

Population is directly dependent on a nation's human developmental index; the two are inversely related. The less industrialized a nation is (industrializing,modernizing): the population of that particular state will be high to provide man power to fuel the engines of that economy (service oriented, argrarian oriented, manufactural oriented etc). And the more industrialized/ modernized a nation state is (higher human developmental index) then their population growth rate will diminish {one can see this in western Europe, North America, Japan, S. Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia etc). For agrarian based economies, particularly the Philippines (with about 50% of the economy still agrarian based), there still will be a natural and economic titilation for the families that operate large farm estates (pinapple, banana, hemp, rice, mangoes, etc) to have large child base in order to operate these haciendas. This importance is mandated if the Philippines and other agrarian-based economies are to survive and bring in capital to the country.

However, if you look at the Philippine's economic standing--our service sectors are rising as well as our manufacturing sectors--the service sector is rising incredibly with government's initiative in focusing on IT/Software agencies throughout the country as well as growing banking/financial systems in the country. Once the country progresses enough to change the human developmental index and becomes a service-oriented economy (note that most western countries are service based and poor third world nations are agrarian based), we will eventually lighten the load on the needs of the agrarian market. Once the Philippines summits industrialization and the gdp is at $800 Billion USD or at a stable target reach where the gdp per capita in the Philippines is at $15,000 USD instead of the current $5,000 USD, then we would have reached a first world stage in terms of human developmental index. At this stage, we assume that government's budget in providing infrastructure has increased substantially and the presence of pentions, reliable and stable life insurance, homogenous school tuition loans, sufficient public health agencies, superfluent amount of hospital systems capable of treating and caring for most of the population within the 81 provinces of the country--as well as presence of specialist care givers to provide and ascertain the life expectancy of the average Filipino in the Philippines is above or at average standards (or comparable to westernized states).

Once these markers are achieved--then the high populatory life expectancy and standard of living would negate the need to have more than 4-5 children and would thereby substantially inhibit the need to have xxxx children; as a result, population will decrease to levels prevalent within western Europe, North America, which is at 1.0% or less.

Its purely a manifestation of the concept of supply and demand; which correlates with the Malthusian concept.

++++++++

How to achieve the said goals???

The maintenance of current economic growth (which is at an amazing 7.5%), securing job markets for Filipino technocrats graduating every year within our respectable institutions of higher learning: which can be implemented if government soothes foreign markets and investors and invites more foreign investment on our natural resources, which would provide jobs to the thousands upon thousands of engineers and construction workers here in the Philippines.
The sustainability of the economy also depends on the skills of our workers--which also places supreme importance on the education system in the country---the building of more schools and increasing budgets to all the public schools and universities must be mandated.

Nation building is a progressional and long-term task: from looking at the indicators of growth, however, the Philippines looks like it is in the verge of an economic boom. It is about time, in my opinion.

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 09:43:48 PM
Thank you Gervistil.

This is a hot point where all of us must have to think of!!!!!!!  i remember, our previous Pres. Ramos had visited Germany but i was not yet up to date of that time of some political news for i was very busy of my hard started life here. Or shall i have to say, got no courage like the Koreans did? I personally admit that what is above-cited really describes how and who we are, isn't?

Reading the article above tells me one thing: the ability of the Filipino to succeed.

Sure, we as a people went astray--with politics and economic downturn, however, i think that we as a nation and people have progressed alot during the past 20 years since the fall of the Marcos administration. The Philippines has learned alot of things--from what to do--and what not to do; and our ability to cope with difficulties yet able to find a way to survive and provide for our fellow kababayan is nothing short of reliability and fervor.

I do truly think that the 21st century is the era when our precious fatherland will rise to its full potential. Who knows---someday in the early 22nd century--there will probably be another group of tubag boholers that discuss and analyze our commentry in here--and the actions/news of the past (the 21st century). Let us as a people strive for the best in our own times--and continue to give back to our homeland.

Don't ever ever give up on our Philippines and our precious Bohol. The moment you do--then its all over.

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 07:50:03 PM
Good to know that they are already arrested.  I hope they will get the right penalty.

Life is getting hard in any developing City and it is considered as a normal where everyone tries to find a way of existence.

Careful.... El Mundo na lisod raba diha ma-a-an lang.

Their penalty should  parallel to their crimes, imo. I just hope our municipal gov. makes examples of these felons--and pour the might of the law on them. Let the people and 'would be convicts' see the penalty and vengeance of Justice--hopefully it will be enough to disaude people from picking up similar criminal activities.

Quote from: Franklin on September 01, 2007, 12:17:39 AM
By the way do you know that Thailand is the only Asian country that has never been colonized?

I also think that peace has a lot to do with what the religious teachers teach.

Look at the terrorists trained in Islam by fundamentalist inmans who breed hatred, and tell the young that it is a good thing to kill, in the name of Allah, and commit suicide. Although both of these are forbidden in the Koran.

Seems suicide is the worst sin. A sin against God. Killing God's creation.

The land of the Rising Sun has also never been colonized. Instead--it was a colonizer of many nations, actually. It was defeated by the US, yes, however, prior to that---no western country ever stood over and had supremacy over the Tokugawa Shogunate or His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor. All nations in east asia and south east asia were colonzied by Japan:

1. Korean peninsula (japanese colony for 50 years after the 1st sino-japanese war in 1894)
2. Liandong Peninsula and Port Arthur and all of Sakhalin Island (after the brilliant victory over Russia in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905)
3. Formosa[Taiwan] was a Japanese colony since 1894 after the defeat of the Chinese in the first Sino-Japanese War
4. French Indochina [Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia] in 1940--when Gen. Yamashita initiated his 'Move South Campaign] and conquored all of Mainland south east asia in 100 days ((considered a military genius by military tacticians in the west even to this day))

5. Dutch Mollucas (Fell in less than 4 months) in 1940
6. Thailand (Was placed as a Japanese protectorate in 1940--basically a colony--as it took natural resources and man power)
7. The Philippine Islands (Fell in 1941); Took the Japanese the longest time to formally conquor the Philippines--but never successfully controlled all of the islands due to massive insurgency and geurilla warefare {theaters included in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao}

Quote from: Gervistill on September 01, 2007, 03:49:44 PM
makahilak man pod ta ani basa ani Onicul85 oi!!! hehehehe

Sorry pre, hope it helped tho--i just had to prove to some of our members that high growth rates isn't mainly correlated to church teachings--rather simple hard economics. "Sometimes it is necessary to cleanse the misunderstanding/ignorance of others--lest they propagate the same view over and over. " -Machiavelli

Quote from: Bohol on September 01, 2007, 01:31:41 AM
A Malaysian man with a mouth of steel on Thursday beat his own world record and dragged three train coaches 2.8 meters (nine feet) using only his teeth, his manager said.

Raja Gigi, who currently holds the Guinness World Record for pulling the heaviest weight, grappled with nearly 300 tonnes of metal (660 pounds) in an effort to beat his 2003 record and mark Malaysia's 50th year of nationhood.

"It went extremely well, he's broken the world record," said his manager Anna Chidamber, adding that 41-year-old Raja was "very happy" with his feat.



source: breitbart.com

Ituum man nang tao! Sure ba na sila dili na siya Indian?

Quote from: ..yadz.. on September 01, 2007, 10:59:09 AM
i like the attention (lots of it) he gave me when he's at home...treating me like a baby always..

i hate the very minute he doesn't look at me and be busy with things (ps2, net...etc) hehehe!

aww poor baby, why dont you get your man more ps2 games

Wowowee Girls.

Guys cant deny that they catch our attention, hahaha

The craziest thing? I actually sneaked out of the house and didnt go back home until the evening of the next day.

Quote from: Ginger on September 01, 2007, 06:27:31 AM
I don't have a partner at the moment so I have nothing to say...


How about you?

The kissing--i really liked. Disliked how she bit often and definately the nagging.

Quote from: Happy on September 01, 2007, 05:50:30 AM
Belle, how about this song.. I like this too, but it has nothing to do with superman

Luther vandross
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvW6nuQ2B0s

Ma hilak ta ana! Na....mingaw na pood ko sa ahong pamilya...jati..

Quote from: Ginger on September 01, 2007, 06:02:19 AM
Now, I miss my Papa

Aww....ayaw pag hilak, Hazel. 

Just tax the workers--if they're making money of it--why shouldn't government? Look at whats going in Thailand.

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 06:43:08 AM
You know what..... it was a time that i often asked those people stared at me:

Do you find me beautiful or ugly?

hahaha i like that technique pre; maybe we should flirt with them back--so ma uwaw sila

Quote from: Ginger on September 01, 2007, 05:41:48 AM
Action/Adventure, Bran. Btw, call me hazel.

hahahah wish I could dance like her.

Pariho diay ta sa same movie tasts, Hazel. Naka kita ka sa Pirates of the Caribbean 3? I loved it--specially this song:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N771hymOudg

John Paul II: the Pope who helped to overthrow communism[04-04-2005]

By Martin Mikule


Pope John Paul II was a respected figure worldwide. Even though he was often criticised for his conservative stances in questions like abortion, contraception or gay marriages, he still enjoyed great popularity that can be hardly compared to his predecessors. One factor contributing to his general popularity had been his energetic image as well as the enormous number of trips he made around the globe. John Paul II was also popular in the generally non-religious Czech Republic, even though the reasons for his popularity here may have been slightly different.

As Martin Horalek from the Czech Bishops' Conference says, it is associated with the fact that the Pope came from Central Europe and identified with the region:
"This pope has certainly had special importance for Central Europe, for all of Eastern Europe, for the Slavonic countries as well as for the communist and post-communist society in general. It has been one of the greatest merits of John Paul II that the whole Christian Europe started to think much more about the East of Europe."
But John Paul II did not appeal only to Catholics in Eastern Europe. As former Czech dissident Jan Urban says, due to his resistance to communism he was also important for many non-religious people.
"You know, just the symbolism of the first 'Slavic pope' with a very strong anti-communist stance and, what was important at that time in Czechoslovakia, - anti-Soviet standing - this was encouragement for non-Catholics as well."


His election in 1978 not only encouraged the Polish dissident movement but also Czech dissidents who united around the human rights manifesto Charter 77.
"One has to remember that his election came in that very dark time after Charter 77 had come into existence and the regime reacted with vicious attacks. Also, very strong element of Charter 77 dissident movement was Catholic - or Christian Democratic as they called themselves later. So the news about a Polish pope came as a great surprise but also as tremendous encouragement."
Many of the dissidents believed that John Paul II would have the power to influence totalitarian regimes in Eastern Europe.
"I recall talking to known Catholic activist Vaclav Benda after his release from prison and he laughed at the darkest of the dark times claiming: 'This is the end!' I thought: You are dreaming, what are you talking about? OK, it's a Polish pope, it' wonderful... We heard from our Polish friends how important it was for them when we met them at the border in the mountains. They all had stickers and literature about him, but it still felt like a dream."
But Martin Horalek says, that the election of John Paul II came as a great surprise even within the Catholic Church itself.
John Paul II"It was certainly a huge surprise. I think that most of the people in Italy, in Rome - they didn't expect it. He certainly opened the Church to a very live dialogue about contemporary society. He opened the Church to Eastern Europe, he started a dialogue with the Orthodox Church, and what is also very, very important is that John Paul II opened a very positive dialogue with the Jews and Muslims - what was before his papacy something rather suspicious and unusual in the Vatican."
Prior to 1989 the relationship between Czechoslovakia and the Vatican was not good. Not only during communism but even before the war there was a long dispute regarding John Hus. Hus was a medieval religious reformer - a theoretician of the Czech protestant movement - "the Hussites". He was condemned by the Church as a heretic and burned at the stake in 1415. As Martin Horalek says, it was only after the fall of communism that these disputes were settled, thanks to John Paul II:
"He came directly after the Velvet Revolution in 1990 and he organized this trip as a very extraordinary visit - which was something very special - and he opened the whole issue of John Hus and the big questions regarding this period of Czech history. So he practically started the four-year process during which historians, theologians and a lot of specialists studied the question of John Hus and this period."
But even though John Paul II was very popular among Czech Catholics, and his role in hastening the fall of Communism was widely recognized among former dissidents, not all Czechs looked at all his stances with sympathy.
Cardinal Miloslav VlkMan: "I don't agree with his opinions regarding abortion, condoms and so on..."
Man: "Well, I have to say I am an atheist, so I am not very qualified in Christianity. But I know that the pope is a certain symbol and he can achieve many things if he wants. I can imagine that this figure has some sense for believers."
Man: "The problem of the Catholic Church - at least for me - is that it is too closed and that it does not reflect the current society. I mean for example the often discussed question of family planning. So in this I see unnecessary conservatism and little respect for the needs of the current society."
At the moment there is much speculation about who will come after John Paul II. Many Czech Catholics would like to see Czech Cardinal Miloslav Vlk in the post. But even if - as seems highly improbable - the next Pope were to be from Central Europe, it probably would do little to change most Czechs' rather sceptical attitude towards not just the Catholic Church but organised religion in general.

Uncompromising

Yet when he was elected in 1978, few outside Poland had heard of Karol Wojtyla, then the archbishop of Krakow.

The cardinals who chose him knew they could count on him to uphold traditional beliefs at a time when many Catholics were questioning the teachings of the Church.


The Pope played a key role in the downfall of Communism in Eastern Europe
During his papacy, there has been no wavering in the Vatican's position on contentious social issues such as birth control, abortion and divorce.

Neither has the celibacy of the priesthood or the role of women in the church ever come up for discussion.

This, too, is part of his legacy. In fact, the uncompromising views of John Paul II may now limit the room his successor has for manoeuvre.

"The next pope is going to have a very difficult time untying things like birth control, abortion and women priests," says Madeleine Bunting.

"With all of these sensitive issues, John Paul II has made it very, very difficult for his successor, because a pope cannot undo the teachings of his predecessor.

"For example, he has been so categorical that women priests are not acceptable that it will take a long time - decades - for that to be changed gradually."

End of Communism

But while John Paul II has been a conservative in terms of doctrine, he has tried to promote social justice, not least in his homeland.

As a young man growing up in Poland, Karol Wojtyla witnessed the rise of Nazi Germany. Then after World War Two, he faced the challenge of being a priest in a Communist state.


A major theme of John Paul II's papacy has been his attempt to reach out to other faiths
"When the church elected a Polish pope in the middle of the Cold War, everybody felt it was a real political statement," recalls Father Thomas Reese, an authority on the workings of the Vatican.

"John Paul II played an extremely important role in bringing down Communism in Eastern Europe. His election was inspirational."

The proactive style of John Paul II has underlined the fact that a pope is not just a spiritual leader; he is also a player on the world's diplomatic stage.

He spoke out against the war against Iraq, trying in vain to persuade the United States and Britain to hold back from military action.

A major theme of his papacy has been his attempt to reach out to other faiths, in search of reconciliation after centuries of hostility and suspicion.

He has travelled to Islamic countries, becoming the first pope to set foot in a mosque. As a gesture of religious tolerance, it took on new meaning after the events of 11 September 2001.

'John Paul the Great'

Marco Politi, one of Italy's best-known Vatican watchers, believes John Paul II will be remembered not only as a great pope, but also as a leading figure of the 20th Century.

"Twenty-five years ago, the pope was an important personality for Catholics, maybe for Christians," he says.

"Now he is a spiritual leader accepted and recognised by people of different faiths."

  John Paul II has laid the foundations for the future. He is the last pope of the 20th Century, rather than the first one of the 21st Century

John Wilkins, editor of The Tablet 
But while some in the Church are already talking about "John Paul the Great", others are more doubtful about his legacy.

They say that during his reign, the Vatican has exercised too much power, and is now less tolerant of dissent.

Some want to see a different kind of papacy, with bishops around the world having a greater say in how the Church is run. That would be a challenge to the authority of the Church's central bureaucracy, the Curia.

John Wilkins, editor of The Tablet, believes that after John Paul II there may be a change in the relationship between the Pope and the Church outside Rome.

"It is a curious paradox of a very centralised papacy that in some ways the Church has never been so open in the direction that it follows now," he says.

"John Paul II has laid the foundations for the future. He is the last pope of the 20th Century, rather than the first one of the 21st Century."

But whoever eventually succeeds him, he will be a tough act to follow.

Father Thomas Reese believes the Pole brought unique skills to the papacy, and whoever succeeds him will not be a carbon copy.

"There is no-one like John Paul II," he says with a smile.

"We would have to clone him, and the Church is against cloning."



++++++++


His Holiness Pope John Paul II as he visits Communist Poland for the first time since he left decades ago.

Quote from: Ginger on September 01, 2007, 05:12:39 AM
Just like, not love.

I'm not impressed with Spiderman 3, lack of action.

Tinuud ba? Lamii-an diay ka ug action flicks, ging?

Kaning song ay sexy and good beats...good to grind with:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyHiYqDZ15I

^ Thats not including the already 2.5 million Filipino-Americans in the United States-----and the countless millions of Americans who have some kind of Filipino blood in them!

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 05:17:38 AM
This is not good although it is also happened and still a big crime here in Europe.  Ladies from the Eastern part of Europe who are looking for a job and after arriving they will take everything.  This is a kind of alike Mafia Organization dealing innocent girls and mostly headed from their co-nationals. Human trafficking is all around the World global business.  I am sorry to say, that not only innocent women are victims of this kind of prostitution but also ladies who think and believe they will get a Model contract as promised from their recruiters. Those kind of Criminal leaders maayo bitayon unya tuslokon ug dagom kada adlaw ang itlog.


.

Oo bitaw..luuy lang pood ang atong pinays sa Japan ug sa Europa gi bu****-buangan sa human traffickers oi. Innocente ra ba jud na ang dancers kai mo adto gud sila to provide for their pamilya..only gi take advantaged lang sila from putang inas like human traffickers. Pisti...mo suku jud ko when i hear stories like this. Mo saka ahong dugo!!

Jati pood ni!

Quote from: Bambi on September 01, 2007, 03:25:11 AM
Pare!

tnxs for the infos...very interesting.  nice to hear that u are also fond of mountain wandering.  we are every autumn about middle of sept. in Sud Tirol, Italy and that's every year.  i don't know whether you heard about DOLOMITEN mountains.... have u been there? come and visit it is a paradise!

Delaguna, thank u for the photos from Silliman University.  very nice and at least i need not to imagine it anymore how it looks like the University of Intellectuals.

Musta pre!! unsa man gi buhat nimo dinha?? hahaha oo mashyado ko sa mountain hiking--addictive raba jud na--specially if mo adto ka with a group of people--maka share jud mo sa experience sa nature. Wa ko ka anha sa Dolomiten mountains--pero ive heard about it. Guapo ba dinha? Lami diay ug mo bringta kanang beer dinha after pitching a tent--and just cozying with friends hah? Pre--you should visit dinhi--sa Allegheny mountains sa northwestern Pennsylvania--guapo kasatanan ang view--especialidad sa autumn and early december months.

Pero ang only thing to watch out for are brown or black bears...mo follow jud na sila kay gusto pood na sila mo-kauun..haha.
Sige pre! Regards lang ha! 

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on September 01, 2007, 02:21:39 AM
if ma develop na sa america ang mga oil fields sa sudan and nigeria, sure they will **** saudi! hapit na mahurot ang oil reserves sa saudi kay gihuthutan sa US.

mm bitaw. Pero kanang saudi--they do own a huge percentage of the Yankee economy---stuck with them. lol. Dili lang ko gusto mo extend kaning war theater sa middle east oi---over 3000 American dead gyud sa iraq and estimated ra ba over 500,000 iraqis namatay since the invasion of 2003. Okay ko for us to stay in Iraq and stabilize the country---dahil--it is our responsibility to build it after all it was the US who invaded and toppled the Hussein regime. I support moderist politicians and agree that we should focus on iraq and afghanistan before we put our feet into another bucket of trouble. C'mon America--lets take this step by step.

musta ka dinha bambi, pinaybayan, ging, happy, mike, jun, mohandis, and Ate! Today is a good day oi!

I'll check it out, Mike. Mohandis--di pood puydi i nuke-on ang Saudi kai best friend good na sa Washington. Ug naa sila oil--best friends na sila--pero ug wa na yamo oil--siguro pooydi i bombahan.

Hahaha i knew you'd like it. Superman was great--the movie was awesome too.

Everytime my friends come over to my house--they always want to 'watch' Wowowee because of the Dancers---i mean i gotta admit--those girls do look hot. Plus, it touches our heart to see so many OFWs coming to the show and giving back to our country and helping people out and at the same time having fun. Good combination, in my opinion.

Eat Bulaga rocks cuz shoot...vick sotto is DA MAN!!!

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on September 01, 2007, 01:41:16 AM
di man gani nila madakpan si bin laden!

There is a way to kill Bin Laden, and absolutely wipe out his immediate followers. Ultranationalist-Right wing Americans would prefer to 'Nuke and saturate Afghanistan/Iraq/Iran'---however thank god the majority of politicians dont think like that...

I mean..technically..thats one way of making sure he's dead. Who can survive a thermonuclear blast?

Quote from: Happy on August 31, 2007, 11:39:08 PM
its always within us, what is important is faith.

Mao jud.

Quote from: Bohol on September 01, 2007, 01:24:28 AM
The U.S. can take over Iran in hours but what's next? Iraq lessons.

Mao jud na Mike..the conventional warefare is something the US can accomplish--pero imagine the insurgency that would take place? It just boggles my mind to think about it--i mean ang population of Iraq is 25 million--and its already costing us billions to stabilize the country--and thousands of American lives. Iran has around 70+ million people (about 3 times the size of Iraq)..it would be an economic, military and political nightmare.

I pray that Washington evades hostilities with Iran as much as possible. Last I heard---if a war with Iran was initiated--the US would initiate the draft again....

Quote from: Wyble on August 31, 2007, 11:21:58 PM
dili ko kasabot murag hapyuron akong dughan sa kutsilyo, unsa man gani nay tawag ana??? hahahahha

hadlok-on? 

Quote from: Ginger on August 31, 2007, 10:37:14 PM
I always miss home every time I listen to this  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flfDuYuy6aQ

And I want to fall in love with this http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPUJIbXN0WY 

Ahay! I just love this man! 

I love this song! ---really calming song, diba?

Try this out ging!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzOe2SrtLwM

ps. im sure you'll like it 

No way...theres no frigging way. Congress would be in an uproar if Bush decides to instigate hostilities with Iran. Logistically it is impossible--with the Armed Forces already spread thin--trying to hold on to Iraq and Afghanistan. A third front would bleed the World's Super Power.....

First we need to contain Iraq...

Salamat ging!

Holy shoot...

^ The campus looks really nice, pre. I'd love to visit the area sometime in the near future--specially the church; looks really inviting. Is Silliman within the municipal boundaries of Dumaguete or is it miles outside of the city?

....ya..on second thought..i think id rather not try that ever. Mo suka ko diri after reading that, Bambi.

-_-''

Quote from: willmerit on August 31, 2007, 12:45:44 PM
mas cute si marinder-sylvia.  sunod si alice, sila ang akong mga choices.

Haha..cute bitaw. Indian beauty

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on August 31, 2007, 05:47:18 AM
kana papaitan usa na sa mga tagalog dishes consisting internal organs (respiratory and digestive organs) of an animal (kanding or baka) apil na ang lubot then sagulan sad ug partially digested food sometimes tae na wala pa nakagawas isagol para pait2x ang sabaw.

Wa ko ka-un ana, pre. Sounds interesting tho.

.....Good for them. Now give us back Sabah! Mabuhay ang Philippine Eagle!!

Okay..now for some Asian beauties.


Lynn and Alice


Suvanant and Alice


Hahaha Caleb..


Marinder-Slyvia


Me and Annabelle

Quote from: Sigbin II on August 31, 2007, 10:42:06 AM
I like Andrea, Regina, and Freddie.  Everyone, except Maria.    Nganong nasuko man na siya? 

Hahaha..i think she was tipsie when i took that pic.

aww no one liked regina??

^Hahahaha ingnoon siya nako karon! Kai mo meet up raba me tonight. Ingnan siya naa siya pinoy crush..hahaha!

wa ko sabot sa ang meaning sa papaitan..ang lubut ba na?

Quote from: teng on August 30, 2007, 01:49:03 PM
hmmmn how about sweaty feet, palms and even face..i mean excessive sweating anyone knows for a remedy

I dont know..but id suggest bringing extra tissues and definately foot action spray for the odor.

Hah!! Cute no? Tomboyish raba na siya..isooog bajiha. Di ma lupig sa sports.

Wow!! Guapa jud! Naa bitaw shiya ug mestisa beauty no? Cute jud!

sigoro....yuck.

Okay here are some pics of my friends---who do you think is more attractive?


My homegirl, Andrea.


Freddie, one of my closest pinay friends


Maria..angry again? 


Andrea and Regina (my x)


Regina (my x) and me

Tinuud jud tho! Mo ka-un galang siya sa ang lubut sa bajii!! Kana may disgusting..hahaha..

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on August 27, 2007, 05:20:48 PM


She's pretty!

Wow...guapa! Sexy tan...

^ That i have never tried on a chic before---only because its grade A. Nastyyyyy... pre..baho kasatanan gyud na! Ang ta-ee ug tubuul dinha--na ma rub off na sa atohang lagay. Di pood na safe oi..
Naa ko amigo who is into that stuff tho---and he brags about his 'experiences' too. And the type of bajis he goes after are really...'dakoooooooooooooo'...ning joke around me sa una--"Hey Phil, dont you worry your cock will get lodged in her ass--or what if gets sucked inside?" haha..buangoon jud kami...oi..

Viagra? Hah..no need for that yet...still in my sexual prime of youth

hmm..about my bathroom experiences...NOT! That would actually be a horror flick...ahahaha

hahahahahaha pisti..ayaw oi! luuy lang pood ang itoy sa bitch...hahaha... Lami raba kanang gi-sinagong iring kono...basta lami kono ang sabao ana--ning ingoon ahong amigo.

Hmm....does oral count?

Simple..cuz she's a lovely lady! Who doesnt want a lovely lady?

HAahahahhaha

Wowee, is definately a favorite--and so is Eat Bulaga.

The iring, definately.

Ako--well i dunno. I get attracted to a woman really quickly--but loose interest quickly if they dont have similar personality as mine. I dont know..i tend to expect the best...always..hahaha. Is there a future Mrs. Onic out there?? 

Quote from: Mohandis Ban-alam on August 30, 2007, 07:13:22 PM
di kabalo manguyab...one night stand lang!

Jati one night stand ra diay? Ingooon ka virigin pa ka! Dah! haha

^ Wow, powerful kastanan gi ingoon nimo oi! Lami bitaw imuhang explanation, pre.

My god...what a lucky pooch!

^ Bingo--I was thinking of the same thing.

^^^ hahahaha oh por schuuuur! hahaha gotta love the accents, yo!

Mao ba? Well i guess for some people spirituality is individualistic..and express it in their own way.

Quote from: Wyble on August 31, 2007, 02:05:28 AM
nag lunop atong mga nurses, didto, nganong dili man na i apil sa curriculum or sa practicum nang family planning? blame napod ta sa gobyerno ani..............

Bitaw, i do agree with you jud. Wa jud ko kaibao if gi apil ba ang family planning practicum didto sa pinas.
Anyone here know?

UNITED NATIONS (CNN) -- Workers found vials believed to contain the poison gas phosgene at a U.N. office building in New York Thursday.

U.N. archivists for UNMOVIC, the U.N. chemical weapons agency, unexpectedly turned up samples of material from an Iraqi chemical weapons plant in old files.

The samples were in weapons inspectors' files dating back to the 1990s, but the substance is not believed to pose any immediate danger, U.N. officials said Thursday.

The building where the samples turned up is several blocks away from main U.N. Secretariat building along New York's East River. Tests found no toxic vapors in the offices, U.N. spokeswoman Marie Okabe said.  Watch how the chemical scare unfolded »

Phosgene is an industrial chemical used to make plastics and pesticides, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. At room temperature, it is a poisonous gas, but can be stored and shipped under cooling and pressure.

Phosgene was used extensively during World War I as a choking agent and caused a majority of the war's gas deaths, according to the CDC.

Phosgene gas and liquid are irritants that can damage the skin, eyes, nose, throat and lungs, the CDC said.

The material was taken from al-Muthanna chemical weapons plant north of Baghdad. The samples are sealed and have been there since 1996.

The samples were in containers that ranged in size "from small vials to tubes the length of a pen," Okabe said.

Ewan Buchanan, a spokesman for UNMOVIC, said the substances are in a sealed metal box and wrapped in a plastic bag, "so there is no immediate danger."

Inspectors from UNMOVIC and its predecessor agency UNSCOM were responsible for verifying Iraq's compliance with U.N. resolutions requiring it to abandon its pursuit of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. The material collected normally would have been destroyed after analysis, UNMOVIC said.

UNMOVIC's mandate ended this year, and its offices are being packed up and moved out, State Department Deputy Spokesman Tom Casey said.

The FBI's Hazardous Materials Response Unit is coordinating with New York police and other agencies to remove and dispose of the material, FBI spokesman Richard Kolko said.


"There is no hazard to the people of New York from this incident," Kolko added.

An FBI team was on its way to the UNMOVIC offices where the samples were found. They will be taken to a U.S. facility in Maryland where previous chemical samples from Iraq's weapons inspections were destroyed, Buchanan said

http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/08/30/un.gas/index.html

Aha man ang Dipolog?

Quote from: Wyble on August 31, 2007, 02:05:28 AM
nag lunop atong mga nurses, didto, nganong dili man na i apil sa curriculum or sa practicum nang family planning? blame napod ta sa gobyerno ani..............

Siguro, Belle.

Maybe..just mabye..the government wants to maintain the population trend so we continue training engineers--nurses--doctors--pharmacists and other technocrats year after year to secure the OFW system. I mean, this is purely hypothetical in my view, but if you think about it--it makes sense on a nation-wide view. The more OFWs you have--there will be more annual remittances to the RP--and provide the capital to fuel national growth. Its actually practical--if you think about it. The more OFWs you have abroad--the more income they will be sending back to the country--to satiate the needs of their families. As long as the mass of the people are satiated--there is no revolution--and hence there is a stable government. The less OFWs there are--the less annual remittances are sent back--and as a result--the people dependend on them are forced to fend for themselves and look for the limited jobs there are in the country. Revolution and mass protest is inevetible. So long as there are schools training technocrats year after year and sending them off abroad--people will be satisfied and a high birth rate secures the longevity of this cyclic-system. An epitome of a dependency-satiation economic cycle, which places government in control of almost EVERYTHING.

Its brilliant, in my view, how government implemented this system. I know Marcos started the OFW system--and is proof of his shear political brilliancy.

A legend in our times...

Quote from: Wyble on August 31, 2007, 02:23:13 AM
sa gamay pa ko hilak ko kay gusto ko mo adto ug bohol kay mo tilaw ug chocolate hills, hahahaha. tinuod gyud. but honestly ganahan gyud ko sa injo... nindot ang bohol oi!

Hahaha palamuut daw! Taga asa man diay ka belle? Cagayan de oro? Surigao? Davao?

Quote from: Wyble on August 29, 2007, 02:16:50 PM
I paint too. I am using watercolour...

Wow..beautiful! You have any of people? You're lucky to have such artistic talents, Belle, ako--even if I try to draw it turns out to be stick figures..hahaha. Wala jud ko artistic talent--ahong igsoon baji--she can paint and do charcoal tracings--and whenever i watch her do her sketches---i cant help but be awed at how she makes a person out of charcoal and paper...its really amazing.

Keep up with your painting oi, its really great!

Drugie? di oi!

Nurse ka dinha?

Quote from: Mari on August 30, 2007, 08:32:44 PM
hey guys, would u agree with me that Boholanos are very talented, warm and beautiful people? bet to that! when i was in thailand, i met several foreigners who never miss to tell me Bohol is such a lovely place with lovely people. cheers to that! keep up the reputation peeps.

Bohol is my precious Island...lovely shores that are pearl white...with rolling chocolate hills like no other. Blue skies and plenty of smiles. Land of my father's, grandfather's, and great great great great great grandfather's. My ancestral home.....to which nothing can compare.

Really? Yea--they are both really smart; then again..im not surprised because most Filipino students are naturally smart..haha.

So are you a professional artist, Belle?

Quote from: junayag on August 01, 2007, 02:53:27 AM

The best effect of fine persons is felt after we have left their presence.

Because we enjoy talking to them..laughing with them..smiling with them. And when we are separated from them..we are cut from that source--and long for it again. You know Jun..i dont really know...

Whats your view on it, pre?

As I write this..i begin to settle down to my cozy and comfy chair in my college dormitory and ponder to myself....one more year? or another page in my life. This is my 4th year in college--and the last year for me to 'relax' and hang out with my friends before I start medical school next year. As I think of this--images of my mom, my dad, my beautiful brothers and my dear sister--as well as the nostalgia of being around my friends. Memories of snow sleddding during freshman college year--and rolling down the hill--and look up and see my friends laughing--as they roll down the hill too. The times we spent walking around the Susquehanna River--and dipping our feet inside the shore--and watch the trees tossle left to right--as the wind brushes through my face. Memories. Powerful memories. I begin to remember---and realize that this will probably be the last time I see some of my friends--as we will be separated in our own path--this journey of life takes us.

When will I see them again? I ask..yet know not the answer. Will any of us change in the future? God only knows...


I begin this year with trepidation and fear of my Lord and God--yet comforted and motivated by his love and presence around me. Another year..another step..in this journey we call--life.

Quote from: Bohol on August 27, 2007, 12:56:54 PM
By Joe Espiritu
Columnist
Bohol Sunday Post

One of the shocks in life that we had received was that a fellow columnist of the Post Leo Udtohan floated rumors of our intention to run for municipal councilor. Nothing is so far from the truth. We wondered where he got the idea. We never had the intention of running. In the first place, we do not know how to campaign. A politician must be a good campaigner first and a good administrator or lawmaker second. The second may be forgotten when one wins.

As a computer information systems analyst, we are development and results oriented, very different from a campaigner. We had called a spade a spade instead of the diplomatese digging instrument. This means, we could be blunt no matter what the other fellow feels. We cannot not pussy foot around. We had been commissioned to straighten out information systems in some local government units. We have made them functional but petitions came thick and fast asking for our removal. With a trait like that, we would never win a political position, not in a lifetime.

Good points...well written!

Hey does Joe Espiritu visit this site?

Quote from: Wyble on August 27, 2007, 09:46:04 PM
Really? who?, i need to know some Filipinos here, hu hu hu,  i think im the only one here in my town, puro puti no mex, no asian ay very few chinese diay only one indian family  (from India), my town has a very big university but so far i have never seen a filipino. are they filipinos too? We sometimes go there to the University Clinic, they are one of the country's best next to UCLA. (i think u know that)...maybe when you come back here we could meet.

Yea they're Filipinos--two of them are medical students that go to Michigan state--but live in annharbor area..and four others are still college students--in my year.

Quote from: Melrose on August 30, 2007, 03:24:24 PM
Jun: Yeah, love begets love. Good things beget good things. I just believe that if one holds that great big love in one's heart, then every good thing would naturally emanate from within. Goodness comes natural for that person.

Here's 1 Corinthians 13:1-13. The Book of Love.

1 If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels,
but have not love, I am a noisy gong or a clanging cymbal.

2 And if I have prophetic powers, and understand all mysteries and all knowledge,
and if I have all faith, so as to remove mountains, but have not love, I am nothing.

3 If I give away all I have, and if I deliver up my body to be burned,
but have not love, I gain nothing.

4 Love is patient and kind; love does not envy or boast;
it is not arrogant

5 or rude. It does not insist on its own way; it is not irritable or resentful; [2]

6 it does not rejoice at wrongdoing, but rejoices with the truth.

7 Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.

8 Love never ends. As for prophecies, they will pass away; as for tongues, they will cease; as for knowledge, it will pass away.

9 For we know in part and we prophesy in part,

10 but when the perfect comes, the partial will pass away.

11 When I was a child, I spoke like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I gave up childish ways.

12 For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known.

13 So now faith, hope, and love abide, these three; but the greatest of these is love.

Very nice, Mel!

Quote from: Wyble on August 31, 2007, 12:40:16 AM
curious lang ko kay imong opinion sa topic binag-o man gud (binatan-on) kay akoa tinigulang, hahahaha. Re: fertility etc.

unsa man diay gibuhat sa atong Health department diha??? naa man tay mga free nga birth control pills? where are those??? sa akong panahon daghan pros ug nagbaha ang cons sa contraceptive method mao na nga i said before nga apil religion sa "cons" (but i didnt apply it), fertility can be stop or prevented. . .

ambot lang!!!!!

The Health department in the Philippines isn't as developed as the ones here in the United States--particularly where I am at (in the north east: NJ)--if you go to a local community shelter, police department or community hall, you will see the presence of public health nurses to assist anyone in child planning and or pregnancy--including abortion etc.

In the Philippines, luuy lang kai limited ka sa tanan atong gobyerno kai limited funds man jud--daghang provinces gud--about 81 provinces and a population of over 90 million--and the government's budget is about $20 Billion. This is supposed to cover defense, infrastructural projects (highways, airports, naval ports, railway systems, schools, hospitals, salaries of the beaurocracy and maintenance). Of course natural--not enough funding is placed in our health department---that is the problem. The country is not only booming and industrializing--so there will be a high demand of workers--which motivates child growth. Then there is also a 50% dependency on the agrarian market--as the Philippines is still an agrarian-focused market economy--meaning families will continue to produce large children in the rural communities in order to properly operate the haciendas and farms in the Visayas, Mindanao and Luzon districts. Economics, primarily, is a large causatory agent in the populatary growth rate in the Philippines--than the notion of Church conservatism.

Think about it this way, Christian teachings in the Philippines preaches the imorality of homosexuality and its actions---yet there is high percentage of gay and lesbian Filipino in the Philippines and abroad. Which clearly indicates that Church teachings isn't properly followed. If it was--the Philippines would show little to no homosexual populations, diba? The same applies about child growth--the Church is there to be a moral authority on christian doctorine--the same way as the mosque and its imams are there to provide direction for the muslim population. Considering there is a clear separation of church and state--the Catholic Church and other denominatory churches in the Philippines ha no political ligitimacy--it cannot make laws--or break laws--it can only teach and preach to its congregation. Its up to the individual on an individual basis to either act on those teachings or ignore it.

Consensus wise, it is evident that economics is the key agent---there is way too much evidence for that--than there is against it. History has provided us example--and an answer to this.

Hope that helps.