MikeLigalig.com

What is the IHS?

IHS is derived from the first three letters of the Greek name of Jesus, iota-eta-sigma. IHS is also featured in the Jesuit crest.

Do Jesuits have a formal habit?

Jesuits do not have an official habit. In the Constitutions of the Society, it gives these instructions concerning clothing; “The clothing too should have three characteristics: first, it should be proper; second, conformed to the usage of the country of residence; and third, not contradictory to the poverty we profess…” (Const. 577)

Historically, a “Jesuit-style cassock” became standard issue: it wrapped around the body and was tied with a cincture, rather than the customary buttoned front, a tuftless biretta (only diocesan clergy wore tufts), and a simple cape. As such, though Jesuit garb appeared distinctive, and became identifiable over time, it was the common priestly dress of Ignatius’ day. During the missionary periods of the Continental Americas, the various American Indian tribes referred to Jesuits as “Blackrobes” because of their black cassocks. Today, most Jesuits wear the Roman collar tab shirts in non-liturgical, ministerial settings.

What are the vows that Jesuits take? What is the fourth vow?

Poverty, Chastity and Obedience. The fourth vow is of obedience to the Pope with regard to mission.

Where does the name Jesuit come from?

It was first applied derisively to the Society, meaning “one who used too frequently or appropriated the name of Jesus.” While never employed by its founder, members and friends of the Society in time appropriated the name in its now positive meaning.

Who is the current Superior General of the Society of Jesus?

On January 19, 2008, Father Adolfo Nicolás, SJ, moderator of the East Asian Assistancy, was elected 30th Superior General of the Society of Jesus.

How is the Society of Jesus organized?

Jesuits around the world are organized into 91 geographic areas called provinces governed by a provincial superior who is appointed by and reports directly to the Society’s Superior General. Jesuit provinces are grouped into 10 regional “assistancies,” each with an “assistant” to Father General in Rome. In the United States, ten provinces form a single assistancy.

How was the Society of Jesus founded?

Ignatius of Loyola founded the ‘Company of Jesus’ with six others (Francisco Xavier, Pierre Faber, Alonso Salmerón, Diego Laínez, Nicolás Bobadilla and Simão Rodriguez) and took their first vows at a Mass at Montmartre in Paris in 1534. In 1537 they traveled to Italy to receive permission from Pope Paul III for the religious order. Later that year, Ignatius and his companions were ordained to the priesthood in Venice, Italy. On September 27, 1540, at the Palazzo San Marco in Rome, Pope Paul III signed the Bull “Regimini militantis ecclesiae,” establishing the Society of Jesus officially as a religious order.

What is the Society of Jesus?

The Society of Jesus is a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church, founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola. The Jesuits are the largest male religious order in the world, with approximately 19,000 members internationally.

I'll be adding more in this thread in the coming days, months. Feel free to add some information in this beautiful thread about the Beautiful Jesuit Order.

A Brief History of the Jesuits

The Society of Jesus was founded in 1540 by St. Ignatius Loyola, a Spaniard of royal and military background. After being wounded in battle, he experienced a religious conversion. The result of his recuperation and spiritual explorations was the Spiritual Exercises, an articulation of his own journey to follow Christ and a model for others to follow. Jesuits, indicated by an SJ following their names, are distinguished for many important attributes including extraordinary compassion, service to others, world exploration, scholarship in nearly every intellectual field, sanctity (41 are saints and 285 have been beatified), and a unique approach to education.

Ignatius began his religious order by assembling a small, humble group of well-educated men whom he called "friends in the Lord." Their mission was to help others in their relationship with God. While Ignatius intended the order to engage in missionary work serving those most in need, he soon realized that his objectives could best be presented in an academic setting. Ignatius’ wisdom has been realized over the centuries in numerous ways. Our modern Gregorian calendar, several astronomical advances, and the discovery of five of the world’s eight major rivers are just a few of the great intellectual achievements of the Jesuits. These pursuits went hand-in-hand with the Jesuits' desire to share their passion for learning in new models for schools, beginning in 16th century Europe and spreading to all the continents in the following centuries. For nearly 500 years, these men of Ignatius have been carrying their message of growth in relationship with Christ, finding God in all things, and promoting justice for all God's creation to virtually every corner of the world.

At Regis Jesuit High School we continue the rewarding work begun by Ignatius. Commisioned from the Missouri Province, our community of Jesuits still serve to inspire young men and women by their example and gentle guidance. A talented group of lay educators join them in exploring our Ignatian heritage and sharing it with their students.

The Jesuit Order

By Fr. Warren Sazama, SJ;
Former Director of Vocations; Wisconsin Province of the Society of Jesus
Drawing on reliable national survey samples of priests, sociologist Fr. Andrew Greeley, Ph.D., has written a book that punctures a lot of the popular, unflattering myths about the Catholic priesthood in the United States.

Titled Priests: A Calling In Crisis (The University of Chicago Press, 2004), I think it is worth passing along some of the findings it discusses. They help shed a clearer light on a very timely issue for all Catholics â€" in fact, for all people interested in overcoming prejudice â€" and especially for those who are themselves considering a possible priestly vocation.

Much of what has been publicized in the media about Catholic priests is at crosscurrents with my own experiences of priests I know â€" Jesuits, other religious order priests, and diocesan priests included. Greeley shows how many of the prominent public voices commenting about Catholic priests in the media have based their statements not on fact, but on popular misconceptions, personal bias, and skewed data (for example, anecdotal or very unrepresentative samples such as priests in treatment).

He, on the other hand, taps into the actual life experiences of a broad range of real, live priests. Based on reliable sociological data, Greeley arrives at a number of conclusions that are consistent with my positive experiences of most priests. At the same time, he also addresses a number of legitimate concerns. I offer here a mix of a half dozen of his findings which I believe will give you a more accurate picture of American Catholic priests today.

Priests are among the happiest men in the world. They say they would become priests again, and life in the priesthood is better than they expected. They score higher in these areas than married Protestant clergy.
The data indicate that priests, on average, are as mature and as capable of the intimacy of warm, deep friendships as married laymen. Moreover, priests are more likely to be satisfied with their work and their lives than are married Protestant clergy.

Priests stay in the priesthood and are happy in ministry because they like their work and doing the things involved with priestly life. They tend to be religious altruists, not just social workers or social activists. While it is difficult for many people today to believe a man can be a happy, fulfilled, and mature human being without a female partner, celibate priests prove that this is not only possible but can also be a very rewarding lifestyle. Of course, those of us who are happy, celibate priests knew this all along.

Most priests are celibate heterosexuals. Approximately one out of six priests is homosexual. Moreover, the vast majority of both hetero- and homosexual priests value their celibate commitment and live it faithfully.

However, not all of what Greeley found in his examination of the research data about priests is flattering. Obviously not all is perfect about American priests and there is definitely room for growth. On the downside, Greeley’s examination of the research indicates that too many priests can be insensitive to the laity, and out of touch with the feelings and perceptions about their job performance as priests. For example, many Catholic laypeople report dissatisfaction with poor homilies, liturgies, and sub-par performances in pastoral counseling and working with young people. Moreover, Greeley believes that the walls of the clerical culture impede communication between priests and laypeople. While the brotherly bonds and friendships that priests experience among themselves are good, priests need to reach out, listen better to laypeople, and respond more sensitively to their perceptions, feelings, and concerns.

Another negative finding in Greeley’s examination of the research data is that priests are generally poor at inviting young, Catholic men to consider the priesthood. Nine out of 10 respondents who expressed some interest in the priesthood had never been approached by a priest on the subject. Greeley reflects that if only a small proportion of those young men had become priests, there would be no shortage of priests today. He also raises an interesting question: if priests are as happy and satisfied in the priesthood as the research data shows them to be, why are they not more actively encouraging vocations? Could it be because they unwittingly buy into the popular negative misconceptions of their calling? All this depicts a view that shows Catholic priests in America are neither the superheroes of bygone myths when people tended to put them on pedestals, nor the villains that unfortunately much of the popular media broadly paints them as today. Rather they are generally altruistic men who are as mature as their lay married counterparts and who need to be more sensitive and listen better.

As I mentioned at the beginning of this column, Greeley’s findings are very consistent with my experiences of my brother priests. In general, I find that most Catholic priests I know are good, happy, caring men. As I observe my experience of my married, lay friends and my brother priests, I see both groups having many wonderful qualities as well as limitations.

When I look at fellow priests, I see some true saints â€" generous, self-sacrificing, loving, holy men who inspire me. Certainly some are warmer and more pleasant than others and some are better at what they do, which is true in every walk of life. But by and large, most are good people who are neither obvious saints nor outrageous sinners. They do much good in the world in often ordinary ways. They have simultaneous generous qualities and blind spots.

They are, in a word, human.


http://www.thinkjesuit.org/home/resources/articles-books/myths-vs-facts-about-the-priesthood/

By Fr. Warren Sazama, SJ; Former Vocation Director; Wisconsin Province of the Society of Jesus

As a vocation director, I hear a lot about ambivalence. Ambivalence comes from two Latin roots “ambi” meaning “both” and “volo” meaning “wish” or “desire.” So, an ambivalent person desires two incompatible things. The result can be an uncomfortable, confusing experience about which way to turn. While more pronounced in some discerners than others, I have come to believe that ambivalence is generally present to a degree in all those discerning a possible religious or priestly vocation.

This kind of confusion is not necessarily a bad thing. In fact, it often is normal and healthy. The key is how the discerner deals with it, a process involving the discernment of spirits â€" determining which inner movements and desires are from God and which are not.

While discerners can experience ambivalence about all three of the vows religious take (poverty, chastity, and obedience), my experience is that the deepest ambivalence is most often felt regarding the vow of chastity, and understandably so. As is explicated in Pope John Paul II’s “theology of the body,” we are made male and female with a complementarity intended for union and procreation. The desire for marriage and family is imprinted deeply within our physiology. To sacrifice this is no trifling matter. In fact, I would have questions if this were not a concern for a discerner at least at some point in their vocational discernment process.

This concern, while almost always present to at least some extent, is often felt most acutely at two points â€" the early stages of the vocational discernment process and the time of application. Usually when I talk with people considering religious life or priesthood, one of their first stated dilemmas is the choice between family and religious life. Their task then is to discern which of these two desires is their deepest desire and call. If they genuinely discern over time that religious life is their deepest desire and God-given call, then they usually experience relative peace about that decision. This peace is seen from an Ignatian perspective as a confirmation from God of their decision.

So it would seem that all is well at this point, and that all a candidate has to do is follow through on the decision to apply and live happily ever after in their God-given vocation in life. Much to their consternation, however, this is not always the end of the story.

While some do go through with the application and acceptance process without wavering and enter with relative calm, others do not. Sometimes their former ambivalence about celibacy resurfaces, occasionally quite powerfully, and disturbs their peace of mind and resolve.

Why is this? Has their discernment process gone awry? Have they made a poor decision? Is God not really calling them to religious life? Is their decision to apply and enter not being confirmed by God?

I have come to believe that these inner disturbances and feelings of deep ambivalence at the time of application, and even acceptance, usually do not mean that they don’t have a vocation or that God is not confirming their decision. Rather this sense of inner anxiety, heaviness, darkness, sadness, or doubt about their decision strikes me as a reemergence of their original ambivalence. Something deep inside them screams out, “What are you doing?” â€" “Do you really want to give up the opportunity for a life companion and children?” â€" “Can you live without sex?” â€" “Are you crazy?”

This ambivalence may not be experienced as strongly if a person’s initial discernment process has been thorough, but it is usually present at least to some extent. Some discerners even fall in love with someone at this time.

The re-emergence of ambivalence is, in my view, normal and healthy when it does occur. As mentioned, the desire for a life companion, children, and a sexual partner is deeply embedded in our human nature. In fact, it never entirely goes away even in happy, mature religious and priests. One of the best, most candid talks I ever heard on celibacy during my Jesuit formation was by two Jesuits psychiatrists, the late Fr. Jim Gill, SJ and Fr. Ned Cassem, SJ. They reminded us that the sacrifice made in celibacy is not a one-time experience but involves an ongoing grieving process which manifests itself in different ways at different times in the life of a religious or priest.

Missing a romantic partner might be most vividly felt in a younger person. In midlife, missing a life companion and children might become more prominent. As a religious gets older, missing grandchildren might be most felt.

In this light, the sometimes deep ambivalence felt around the time of application, and even after being accepted into a novitiate or seminary, can be seen as an anticipatory grieving of the things to be given up not just at entrance to religious life, but over the course of one’s evolving life stages. These sacrifices are real, and no good purpose is served by glossing them over.

A self-aware person feels these things, and self-awareness is essential to being a good religious or priest. And so this anticipatory grieving is not a bad thing or a sign that one doesn’t have a vocation to religious life or priesthood. If acknowledged for what they are and taken to God in prayer, these feelings will pass and the previous peace and confirmation will re-emerge at an even deeper level. While they may, and probably will, come back from time to time in different ways throughout one’s life as a religious or priest, this missing what one has chosen to sacrifice can continue to be taken to God in prayer and be a place to meet God and welcome God more deeply into one’s life and lead to ever deeper peace and intimacy with God.

You might be wondering at this point why the Church requires celibacy of her priests and why religious life with the three vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience has arisen from the earliest times within the Church and endured to the present time. While the Church has not always required celibacy of her priests, celibacy and priesthood do fit well together. Moreover, celibacy is an intrinsic part of religious life as it has developed within the Church from the second century onward.

The rationale for celibacy is the subject of other articles but suffice it to say here that celibacy is a sacred, time-honored, life-giving vocation within the Church intimately associated with religious life and priesthood. It is a way of loving and self-giving based on Christ’s example and counsel (Mt. 19:12). It has born much fruit and been the way of life of many great, joyful saints throughout the history of the Church to the present day, with perhaps the most renowned modern example being Mother Theresa of Calcutta. While it involves real sacrifices, as do all meaningful commitments, if lived well religious life is a wonderful, rewarding, joyful life of service that is a true gift to the Church and the world.

Spiritual Direction Key for Discernment



By Fr. Warren Sazama, SJ;
former Vocation Director; Wisconsin Province of the Society of Jesus

One of the first things I recommend to a man considering the Jesuits is that he get into spiritual direction with a good Jesuit spiritual director.

What is spiritual direction?

Spiritual direction is an ongoing process of nurturing one’s spiritual life. Although it is not counseling or therapy, it may have the benefits of healing and spiritual and emotional growth. Perhaps the best way to explain it is to describe how it works. Imagine if you will that I am the one seeking spiritual direction.

First of all, I must find and ask someone to be my spiritual director. I might ask for a referral from the Jesuit vocation director, a priest, or another person whose judgment I trust. (For someone considering becoming a Jesuit, a Jesuit spiritual director is preferred because he would be familiar with our approach to the spiritual life.)

Once I have found a director, we meet regularly (perhaps monthly) for about an hour each time. I tell my director what has been going on in my spiritual life. This includes talking about my prayer, how I’ve been praying, what’s been going on in my prayer, whether I’ve felt drawn by the Lord in any particular way. I might also talk about how I’ve been finding God (or perhaps not finding God) in my daily experiences, such as in my relationships, work studies, leisure, and other areas of my life.

I could talk about my temptations, what’s going well, what’s not going so well, my moral life, how I’ve been living out my faith in practice through volunteer work, being helpful to friends, and so forth. If in vocational discernment, my spiritual direction would include telling my director how I feel moved regarding my vocation.

My spiritual director then gives me feedback regarding what I’ve shared. He might talk about what movements or patterns he hears, what seems to be coming from God and, conversely, what seems to stem from negative sources.

The director is like a spiritual guide. Experienced in the spiritual life, he ushers and mentors me down new and unfamiliar paths, enriching my ability to observe and absorb from what is going on around and within me. A spiritual director in the Jesuit or Ignatian tradition will use St. Ignatius’s guidelines from the Spiritual Exercises to help interpret my experiences.

Why is spiritual direction important?

If’ I’m trying to discern (“figure out”) God’s call to me, I must pay attention to what God is saying to me. For that to happen, I must pray regularly â€" preferably daily â€" for an extended period (say, a half hour). I must pay attention to the patterns of what I hear in my prayer, the various spiritual movements within me. The guidance of a spiritual director makes me better equipped to do these things for several reasons.

    Regular meetings add accountability into the discernment process. When I know I will be making a report shortly to my spiritual director, I am challenged to look more carefully at my experiences so that I can articulate to my director what’s been going on in my life.

    In articulating my experiences to my director, in a sense I “put my experiences out there” to be looked at together. This helps me more clearly explore my inner experiences, detecting patterns, themes, and “movements.”

    My director serves as a companion in my spiritual life and offers support. This is very important, because in our secular culture, trying to lead a life of prayer and faith and hear God’s call can be difficult.

    Spiritual direction can also greatly reduce the possibility of self-deception. It is said St. Theresa of Avila noted: “The person who has himself as a spiritual director has a fool for director!” In going it alone, it becomes too easy to misinterpret our inner experiences. Unconscious biases can lure us away from listening to God’s voice. Instead we can end up paying more attention to voices other than God’s such as the values of our secular culture, family, or friends. Not that family and friends can’t be helpful. It’s just that we cannot assume that their will is always the same as God’s.

Finally, a willingness to enter spiritual direction can be a kind of vocation litmus test. Committing myself to these initial basic practices shows that I am serious about determining God’s will for me and whether or not I have a religious vocation.

pwede ta mag skateboarding diri ha...

Brod Wards,

What's your method for releasing stress?

Quote from: Leoin_Argo on May 31, 2013, 04:20:39 PM
guys, help here... im just a recent civil service passer willing to work in the government here in our beloved province. and as i was scanning some job positions, there are always corresponding qualifications and i noticed that there is an accompanied qualification that states: 8 hours of relevant training. what does that mean? others state 4 hours of relevant training, depending on the asked no. of hours.. ive understood all other qualifications, but what does '# hours of relevant training' mean?

Leoin,

Try applying for open positions in the Department of Interior and Local Government. You should also have appropriate training hours in people to people skills and understanding in the policies and procedures of the provincial government and local government.

Quote from: TUBAGBOHOL.com on May 31, 2013, 06:41:22 PM
Which is a more appropriate name? Vice Ganda or Vice Demon? Only demons can afford to make fun of women being gang raped.

His words speaks much about his morals. What a disgusting individual.

wa diay? hehehe! ako pod, nakalimot na ko sa ahong mga quotes da.

i something it was in reference to love and the importance of said concept...

Quote from: islander on May 31, 2013, 10:51:47 AM
but my dear chocolate muffin, i thought langka is planted and not made...

bwahahaha, awww it is? so it happens to be diay. all i know is that it tastes super lami. dey serb it en da loboc cruise man gud. hihihi!:

bwahahaha! @ wards and anna, what was your graduation quote?

V. Lord, have mercy.
R. Christ have mercy.
V. Lord have mercy. Christ hear us.
R. Christ graciously hear us.
God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.
God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us.
God the Holy Spirit, have mercy on us.
Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.

Holy Mary, pray for us.
Holy Mother of God, pray for us.
Holy Virgin of Virgins, [etc.]
Mother of Christ,
Mother of divine grace,
Mother most pure,
Mother most chaste,
Mother inviolate,
Mother undefiled,
Mother most amiable,
Mother most admirable,
Mother of good Counsel,
Mother of our Creator,
Mother of our Savior,
Virgin most prudent,
Virgin most venerable,
Virgin most renowned,
Virgin most powerful,
Virgin most merciful,
Virgin most faithful,
Mirror of justice,
Seat of wisdom,
Cause of our joy,
Spiritual vessel,
Vessel of honor,
Singular vessel of devotion,
Mystical rose,
Tower of David,
Tower of ivory,
House of gold,
Ark of the covenant,
Gate of heaven,
Morning star,
Health of the sick,
Refuge of sinners,
Comforter of the afflicted,
Help of Christians,
Queen of Angels,
Queen of Patriarchs,
Queen of Prophets,
Queen of Apostles,
Queen of Martyrs,
Queen of Confessors,
Queen of Virgins,
Queen of all Saints,
Queen conceived without original sin,
Queen assumed into heaven,
Queen of the most holy Rosary,
Queen of families,
Queen of peace,

V. Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world,
R. Spare us, O Lord.
V. Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world,
R. Graciously hear us, O Lord.
V. Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world,
Have mercy on us.

V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God.
R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.

Let us pray. Grant, we beseech Thee, O Lord God, that we thy servants may enjoy perpetual health of mind and body, and by the glorious intercession of blessed Mary, ever Virgin, may we be freed from present sorrow, and rejoice in eternal happiness. Through Christ our Lord. R. Amen.

Quote from: islander on May 30, 2013, 07:54:13 PM
curious.  unsay labot sa loboc river sa nangka?

bacazz, babycakes, loboc makes da best langka...

Quote from: Chongki on May 30, 2013, 04:05:55 PM
wa doc

sayang uy, kai lami raba.

Quote from: hubag bohol on May 31, 2013, 06:27:58 AM
PH economy grows 7.8%
First Quarter Growth Makes PH Fastest Growing Economy In East, Southeast Asia
By Chino S. Leyco
Published: May 31, 2013

Manila, Philippines --- The Philippine economy grew by 7.8 percent in the first quarter of the year, defying the expectations of economists who forecast 5.1 to 6.4 percent growth and making the country the fastest growing economy among the major East and Southeast Asian Nations.

Year-on-year, the country’s economy in the first three months grew from 6.5 percent, said Socioeconomic Planning Secretary Arsenio M. Balisacan.

It is time for the Motherland to shine...as it did back in the 1960s when the Philippines was the 2nd largest economy in Asia.

Keep it up, Pilipinas!

hehehe, katawa lang ta ba....

i phone cover man sigoro ni.

Despite the stress of work, don't stop, don't stress. Just keep calm and carry on...hehehe!

he he he he! cute lagi.

Comfortable

Been busy reviewing works and proof reading another doctoral paper due to be submitted by the end of this week. Toying around with some statistical figures with my IBM SPSS, a statistical program. Just finished comparing the p-values for some variables. Kind of happy i'm almost done with this paper.

The time here is 2:35. I should get to bed soon as I have clinical duties tomorrow.

Katugun na ako.

Today I presented a lecture on the topic of rationalism and empiricism in context to Hobbes' and Lockes' concept of sensory perception and image and memory formation. After my presentation in class, I submitted my 15 paged written paper on said subject matter. A special thanks to Kopiko "astig" coffee bag that kept me awake !



Goal: Summa Cum Laude.

42. Cat Stevens - Father and Son

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=Q29YR5-t3gg

Invocations

Holy Mother, pierce me through; In my heart each wound renew,
Of my Saviour crucified.

An indulgence of 500 days. A plenary indulgence under the usual conditions, if prayed
devoutly every day for a month (S.P. Ap., Aug. 1, 1934).

Mary most sorrowful, Mother of Christians, pray for us.

An indulgence of 300 days. (Pius X, Audience, June 4, 1906)

Virgin most sorrowful, pray for us.
Virgo dolorosissima, ora pro nobis

An indulgence of 300 days. An indulgence of 5 years, if, in honor of the B.V.M.
Sorrowing, the Hail Mary is devoutly recited 7 times followed by the above invocation
once (S.P. Ap., Nov. 22, 1934).

Works Cited:


Hergenhahn, B. (2009).  An Introduction to the History of Psychology (Sixth Ed.).  Australia: Wadsworth.

These so-called mental events, said
Skinner, will someday be explained when we
learn which internal physiological events people
are responding to when they use such terms as
thinking, choosing, and willing to explain their own
behavior. Skinner, then, was a physical monist (materialist)
because he believed that consciousness as a
nonphysical entity does not exist. Because we do
not at present know to which internal events people
are responding when they use mentalistic terminology,
we must be content simply to ignore
such terms. Skinner (1974) said,

QuoteThere is nothing in a science of behavior
or its philosophy which need alter feelings
or introspective observations. The bodily
states which are felt or observed are acknowledged,
but there is an emphasis on
the environmental conditions with which
they are associated and an insistence that it
is the conditions rather than the feelings
which enable us to explain behavior.
(p. 245)

Like Watson, Skinner denied the existence of a
separate realm of conscious events. He believed
that what we call mental events are simply verbal
labels given to certain bodily processes: “[My] position
can be stated as follows: What is felt or introspectively
observed is not some nonphysical world
of consciousness, mind or mental life but the observer’s
own body” (Skinner, 1974, p. 17). But, said
Skinner, even if there were mental events, nothing
would be gained by studying them. He reasoned
that if environmental events give rise to conscious
events, which, in turn, cause behavior, nothing is
lost and a great deal is gained by simply doing a
functional analysis of the environmental and the
behavioral events. Such an analysis avoids the many
problems associated with the study of mental
events.

Works Cited:

Hergenhahn, B. (2009).  AnIntroduction to the History of Psychology (Sixth Ed.).  Australia: Wadsworth.

Aquinas’s synthesis of Aristotelian and Christian
thought was bitterly argued within the church.
Earlier in this chapter, we saw that the conservative
members of the early Christian church (such as St.
Jerome) argued that non-Christian philosophers
should be condemned and ignored. Augustine argued,
however, that as much non-Christian philosophy
as possible should be assimilated into church
dogma. Augustine won the debate. Now, some
900 years later, we have a similar debate over the
works of Aristotle. One of the most influential voices
of conservatism was St. Bonaventure (ca. 1217â€"
1274), who condemned the works of Aristotle.
Bonaventure, following Augustine, believed that
one comes to know God through introspection,
not through reasoning or by studying nature.
Aquinas’s position prevailed, however, and was finally
accepted as official church doctrine. With
some modifications, it remains the philosophical cornerstone
of Catholicism to this day. The view represented
by Bonaventure lives on in Protestantism,
where scripture is valued more highly than reason
and a personal relationship with God is valued
more highly than ritual and church prescriptions.

Thus, God
could now be known through revelation; through
scripture; through examination of inner experience;
or through logic, reason, and the examination of
nature.
Although sensory information was again accepted
as an accurate source of knowledge,
Aquinas, following Aristotle, said that the senses
could provide information only about particulars,
not about universals, which reason must abstract
from sensory information. Reason and faith cannot
conflict because both lead to the same ultimate reality,
God. The philosopher uses logical proof and
demonstration to verify God’s existence, whereas
the Christian theologian takes the existence of
God on faith. Each arrived at the same truth but
by different means. Aquinas spent considerable time
discussing the differences between humans and
lower animals. The biggest difference he recognized
was that nonhuman animals do not possess rational
souls and therefore determined that salvation is not
available to them.

The Reconciliation of Faith and Reason

The Aristotelian emphasis on reason was so great that it could not be ignored. After all, the huge body of information Aristotle had generated was a product of empirical observation guided by reason. This emphasis
on reason placed the church in a difficult position because, from its inception, it had emphasized revelation,
faith, and spiritual experience and minimized empirical observation and rationality. It turned out that
Aquinas’s greatest task (and achievement) was the reconciliation of faith and reason, which he accomplished
by arguing effectively that reason and faith are not incompatible. For him, as for the other Scholastics, all paths led to the same truthâ€"God and his glory.

RIP. May flights of angels lead him to his rest...

Please also visit:

http://www.fatima.org/essentials/requests/devotion_of_seven_sorrows.pdf

Novena to Our Lady of Sorrows (from the Raccolta).
May be said as a nine day novena and/or as a companion to the daily
recitation of 7 Hail Marys offered in honor of Our Lady’s Sorrows.





Each day begin with:

V.O God, come to my assistance;

R.O Lord, make haste to help me.

V.Glory be, etc.

R. As it was, etc.




Then:


Day I.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in the affliction of
Thy tender heart at the prophecy of the holy and aged Simeon.
Dear Mother, by Thy heart so afflicted, obtain for me the virtue
of humility and the Gift of the holy Fear of God.
Pray one HailMary



Day II.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in the anguish
of Thy most affectionate heart during the flight into Egypt and
Thy sojourn there. Dear Mother, by Thy heart so troubled,
obtain for me the virtue of generosity, especially towards the
poor, and the Gift of Piety.

Pray one Hail Mary



Day III.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in those anxieties
which tried Thy troubled heart at the loss of Thy dear Jesus. Dear
Mother, by Thy heart so full of anguish, obtain for me the virtue
of chastity and the Gift of Knowledge.
Pray one Hail Mary

Day IV.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in the consternation
of Thy heart at meeting Jesus as He carried His Cross. Dear
Mother, by Thy heart so troubled, obtain for me the virtue of
patience and the Gift of Fortitude.
Prayone Hail Mary


Day V.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in the
martyrdom which Thy generous heart endured in standing
near Jesus in His agony. Dear Mother, by Thy heart afflicted in
such wise, obtain for me the virtue of temperance and the Gift
of Counsel.
Prayone Hail Mary


Day VI.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, in the
wounding of Thy compassionate heart, when the side of Jesus
was struck by the lance and His Heart was pierced. Dear
Mother, by Thy heart thus transfixed, obtain for me the virtue
of fraternal charity and the Gift of Understanding.
Pray one Hail Mary



Day VII.

I grieve for Thee, O Mary most sorrowful, for the pangs
that wrenched Thy most loving heart at the burial of Jesus.
Dear Mother, by Thy heart sunk in the bitterness of desolation,
obtain for me the virtue of diligence and the Gift of Wisdom.
Pray one Hail Mary

V.

Pray for us, O Virgin most sorrowful,

R.That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.

Let us pray.

Let intercession be made for us, we beseech Thee, O Lord Jesus
Christ, now and at the hour of our death, before the throne of Thy
mercy, by the Blessed Virgin Mary, Thy Mother, whose most holy
soul was pierced by a sword of sorrow in the hour of Thy bitter
Passion. We ask this through Thee, Jesus Christ, Saviour of the
world, who with the Father and the Holy Ghost livest and reignest
world without end. Amen.

In addition to these four graces there are also seven promises attached
to the practice of daily praying seven Hail Mary’s while meditating on
Our Lady’s Tears and Sorrows. These seven promises were revealed to
St. Bridget of Sweden:


1.“I will grant peace to their families.”

2.“They will be enlightened about the divine Mysteries.”

3.“I will cons ole them in their pains and I will accompany them
in their work.”

4.“I will give them as much as they ask for as long as it does not
oppose the adorable will of My divine Son or the sanctification
of their souls.”

5.“I will defendthem in their spiritual battles with the infernal
enemy and I will protect them at every instant of their lives.”

6. “I will visibly help them at the moment of their death â€" they
will see the face of their Mother.”

7.“I have obtained this grace from My divine Son, that those who
propagate this devotion to My tears and sorrows will be taken
directly from this earthly life to eternal happiness, since all their
sins will be forgiven and My Son will be their eternal consolation
and joy.”

Graces and promises attached to the practice of the devotion in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary Sorrowing:

According to St. Alphonsus de Liguori (The Glories of Mary) it was
revealed to Saint Elizabeth that at the request of Our Lady, Our Lord
promised four principal graces to those devoted to Her Sorrows:

1. That those who before death invoke the divine Mother in the
name of Her Sorrows will obtain true repentance of all their sins;

2. That He will protect all who have this devotion in their tribulations,
and will protect them especially at the hour of death;

3. That He will impress on their minds the remembrance of His
Passion;

4. That He will place such devout servants in Mother Mary’s hands
to do with them as She wishes and to obtain for them all the
graces She desires.

The Seven Sorrows of Our Lady:

1. St. Simeon’s Prophecy
2. The Flight into Egypt
3. The Loss of Jesus in the Temple
4. The Meeting of Mary and Jesus on the Way to Calvary
5. The Crucifixion and Death of Jesus
6. The Piercing of the Side of Jesus, and His Descent from the Cross
7. The Burial of Jesus.

2. Because Our Lady also wants it!

Our Lady lamented to St. Bridget that very few consoled Her by
meditating on Her Sorrows, and “that the greater part of the world
lived in forgetfulness of them:

I look around at all who are on earth,
to see if by chance there are any who pity Me, and meditate upon My
Sorrows; and I find that there are very few. Therefore, My daughter,
though I am forgotten by many, at least do you not forget Me; consider
My anguish, and imitate, as far as you can, My grief.’
”

“For this purpose the Blessed Virgin Herself appeared in the year
1239 to the founder of the Order of the Servites, or servants of Mary,
to ask them to institute a religious order in remembrance of Her
sorrows.”

1. Because Jesus wants this devotion.

“Jesus Christ Himself revealed to Blessed Veronica of Binasco,
that, He is more pleased in seeing His Mother compassionated than
Himself.” He said to her:

My daughter, tears shed for My Passion are
dear to Me; but as I loved My Mother Mary with an immense love, the
meditation on the torments which She endured at My death is even
more agreeable to Me.

“Wherefore the graces promised by Jesus to those who are devoted
to the dolors of Mary are very great.”

Why Devotion to the Heart of Our Mother in Her Sorrows?

http://www.creators.com/lifestylefeatures/inspiration/classic-zig-ziglar/send-it-out-and-you-ll-get-it-back.html

Life really is like a bouncing ball. What you send out is what you get back. And, according to Dr. J. Allan Petersen, the finest gift we can give another human being is the gift of an excellent expectation. He says that "expecting the best provides realistic affirmation of a person's uniqueness, individuality and strengths, and it multiplies itself. It encourages a reciprocal action from other people. The Biblical principle, "Give and it shall be given unto you," applies to expressing appreciation."


This is simply another way of using the Golden Rule in our everyday lives â€" to treat other people the way you want to be treated. It is also another old principle, "As you sow, so also shall you reap." You plant good, positive thoughts and good, positive actions in other people and society, and the same things will be planted in your mind. Wouldn't it be exciting if we all took that approach? Then I could say to everybody, I'll see you at the top!

It's true: When you do something for someone who is in no position to return the favor, you are energized and able to do more things for yourself. Research validates the fact that those people who get involved in helping others, whether it's building homes with Habitat for Humanity, serving through the Salvation Army or Red Cross, or participating in the service clubs, traditionally do better in their own businesses and personal lives.

Years ago, somebody made the observation that if you see someone without a smile, you should give him or her yours. Others have said that a smile is a little curve that sets a lot of things straight. You undoubtedly have noticed that when you smile at someone, in most cases â€" particularly if it involves a non-threatening situation (man smiling broadly at a woman holding a baby) â€" the smile is virtually always returned.

The connected life is free from vengeance. Alexa, 8, knows the power of living from life: "I would want the reward of God's love. I don't want any toy, just Jesus' love."

Think about this: Surprise and amaze your enemies by giving them grace instead of revenge.

Memorize this truth: "And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you" (Ephesians 4:32).

Ask this question: Have you forgiven your enemies, or do you rehearse their downfall in your mind?

Bitterness, hatred and revenge are like corrosive acids that destroy the containers that hold them. Jesus is the vine, and Christians are the branches. Stay connected to the vine, and watch the fruit of forgiveness and peace grow. Connect your life to anything else, and you'll find it withering away. Power, influence, money, career and even family can't replace the source of life.

"God might reward you with wisdom or any good things like peace, love, goodness, faithfulness and joy," says Brent, 8.

God knows how to hit evildoers where it hurts.

It might not be as immediate as we would like, but their day will come if they persist in evil. If their evil is flagrant enough, the law will step in to protect society from them. The focus of this column, however, is our response to personal wrongs we suffer.

"If you do not do evil back to someone, God will reward us in strength," says Julie, 11.

Muscle is built through resistance. Spiritual muscle is built through adversity. Look for opportunities to give grace when people expect revenge.

"We are not to decide someone's punishment. God is the judge," says Meredith, 10.

It's so easy to justify taking matters into our hands when we've been wronged. We erroneously believe we have a right to strike back.

Do we look to God when someone wrongs us? Is God big enough to handle our enemies? Is he big enough that we can pray for our enemies? Can we treat them with kindness? Only God can expand our hearts. It's no accident that God called David a man after his own heart.

"If we do not try to get even with others, God might reward us by building our faith," says Rebecca, 6.

Let God be God and watch him work. The saddest part of revenge is that it puts us on the same level as those who have wronged us. God wants to expand our souls through adversity. He greatly desires to bring his people into the true nobility that is their destiny. After all, God says his people are royal priests (I Peter 2:9).

"It costs more to revenge injuries than to bear them," wrote Thomas Wilson.

King David is one of the greatest examples of bearing injuries while refusing to take revenge, says Joshua, 11: "When David saw his chance to kill Saul, he didn't. His friends tried to make David kill Saul with his spear."

Put yourself in David's shoes. A jealous madman is hunting you like an animal. You're living in caves, dodging spies and wondering if you'll live to see another day. Then, you find yourself with an opportunity to take him out.

Although David knew the prophet Samuel had anointed him to be king of Israel, he refused to take the kingdom by his own hand. He waited for God to depose King Saul. David said he would not touch the Lord's anointed.

How Might God Reward You for Refusing to Get Even with Someone Who Hurt You?

"Some people have inner peace because they have happiness and joy inside them. Jesus has inner peace," says Mindy, 7.

Before the Apostle Paul tells his readers to be anxious for nothing but to pray about everything, he writes, "Rejoice in the Lord always" (Philippians 4:4).

If this sounds unrealistic, consider the role of joy in the crucifixion of Christ. Scripture says it was the "joy that was set before Him" that allowed Jesus to endure the cross and despise its shame (Hebrews 12:2).

The joy of knowing a God bigger than any set of circumstances produces confidence and endurance.

Think about this: What you seek determines whether you have inner peace.

Memorize this truth: "But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you" (Matthew 6:33).

Ask this question: Does what you seek lead to peace?

They don't allow a myriad of non-essentials to rule their lives. The habitually rushed life is usually the confused life. I once saw a sign that read "Live for God: Don't Sweat the Small Stuff."

"Some people don't like to be quiet a lot," says Lauren, 7.

Someone should develop a 12-step program called "Noise Addicts Anonymous." This program would help people withdraw from the constant noise of televisions, radios, stereos, phones and computer games.

"Some people do not have inner peace because they have so much anger in them," says Valerie, 10.

It feels so right to be angry when someone wrongs us. The choice is obvious: Grit your teeth and live in bitterness, or forgive as Jesus Christ has forgiven.

"Because they think they have more thinking in their head," says Patrick, age 5.

Too much of the wrong kind of thinking in our head is called worry. Lewis and Faye Copeland tell the story of a man who was offered a job to do all the worrying for the boss.

"You get $100,000 to make every worry of mine your own," said the executive.

"Where is the $100,000 coming from?" asked the applicant.

"Ah, that's your first worry!" replied the executive.

"Some people don't have inner peace because they worry about what they are going to eat and drink," says Mitchel, 12. "God tells us not to worry about that stuff in Matthew 6:25-26."

Good homework, Mitchel, but you forgot one item. Jesus mentioned clothing, as well. There's a large department store in my neighborhood that wants me to worry about clothes. Almost every week, I receive mail that advertises the latest sales.

It's easy to get so caught up in the details of our physical lives that we neglect our spiritual lives. Be grateful for what God has provided, but don't get so wrapped up in "stuff" that you spend time worrying about it. The Lord Jesus said to look at the birds. They don't sow or reap, yet God takes care of them. How much more will he take care of you?

"Some people just don't know what inner peace is," says Savannah, 8. "Maybe it's just that they are so rushed. If people could slow down, maybe it would help."

In the midst of blaring trumpets, trombones and saxophones, the late Count Basie sometimes sat watching from his piano as though he were a spectator. He delighted in striking a single note that would send his audiences through the roof because it was so perfect.

"Less is more" not only describes the Count's musical style, but it also characterizes those who seek God's kingdom first.

Maligned, misunderstood, shipwrecked, beaten, stoned, jailed, ill, betrayed and eventually beheaded, Paul unquestionably was afflicted.

Paul looked beyond immediate hardship. He saw God using hard times to create in him something glorious. He traded the weight of feeling unloved by those who persecuted him for what he called "an eternal weight of glory."

"When things get tough, you have to realize that God planned it, and it will turn out for the best," says Caroline, 11.

This is not a fatalist view toward adversity. Rather, it's seeing God at work even where opposition abounds. God is mysteriously at work in adversity, but it takes eyes of faith to see him.

Another Caroline, 9, tells us how to focus when looking through our eternal-weight-of-glory glasses: "When things start going bad for me, I believe in God, and then I say a prayer. Then I feel a whole lot better. Sometimes I just go up in my room and get my Bible and start reading."

Think about this: Jesus persevered for us in his suffering on the cross.

Memorize this truth: "For consider Him who endured such hostility from sinners against Himself, lest you become weary and discouraged in your souls" (Hebrews 12:3).

Ask this question: Can you see God's purpose in enduring a difficult person or circumstance?

"By trying we can easily learn to endure adversity â€" another man's, I mean," wrote Mark Twain.

If you're reduced to human resources, there's wisdom as well as wit in Twain's quip. Severe personal adversity has a way of undoing us. The self-assured masks we love to wear become difficult to maintain.

Taylor, age 10, knows what it's like to be embarrassed: "Once I remember I was not doing good in my baseball game. I really wasn't batting or fielding well, so I asked God to help me be better next time I go to bat or go to field. I keep going because I go to the Lord in prayer."

At times, everyone drops the ball and strikes out. The difference is where you go when you're down and out.

"One time I thought nobody loved me," says Anna, 7. "My mom said that she loves me, but sometimes things don't go your own way. She also said that if I trust in God, he will lead me to the right path. After that, I trusted in God. Guess what? My mom was right."

God created us with a deep desire to be loved. If you have loving parents, you're blessed. But even the best parents can't fill all the capacity you have for love. Neither can your spouse.

If you feel unloved, you'll create your own adversity. No one can carry the overbearing weight of feeling unloved. Adversity merely brings it to light. Until you're in a relationship with the most passionate lover of all, Jesus Christ, you'll try to fill the void of feeling unloved with all kinds of things and people.

"I keep on going when life gets tough by knowing that there is more to life than just that one moment," says Robbie, 11.

"Do not lose heart," the Apostle Paul wrote. "For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, is working for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory, while we do not look at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen" (II Corinthians 4:16a-18a).

If there were a Suffering Hall of Fame, the Apostle Paul would be inducted unanimously on the first ballot.

Quote from: balong on May 30, 2013, 10:47:44 AM
ayaw mo kabaka mga pipol. aho laging tiwason ning estorya ni lily. but ill be busy this weekend. i am going to attend a millionaire workshop for 3 days starting friday. starts from 8:30 am to 10 pm at the royal carib hotel in orlando. $1000 a day ang bayad. di naman ko kinhangang mo eskwela pa. but this is sort of a review. ang aho jung purpose is to open the eyes of my oldest daughter. so she  can taste what life is like with her dad. i will bring her along as my guest so she can rub shoulders with millionaires and wanabees. ma kuhaan na pod ang budget. $6000 ang gasto for 3 days. sigi lang because it is money well spent for the financial education of my daughter. kining ahong mga anak ka antigo naman hinoon mo trade ug penny stocks, my specialty. but there are so many techniques for getting rich

Hehehe, penny stocks diay? I am now just investing through my 401 k and through an investment company called Primerica. It has an annual growth rate of 9-12 %. Okay ra na, Nong?

Balong,

Please take the time to read this thread:

http://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=73007.new#new

Remember, no stress. Ihatag lang imong stress sa Ginoo.

Stressing over things only hurts you...literally. So, no stress. Keep it cool, dude.

No stress, no stress....shyeeeeet...

WOW! kujawa lagi da!

Ordination into transitional deacons...

God will always provide a way to supply for our daily needs, and for what is essential for our spiritual invigoration ! I'll include your Papa in my prayers, brother Vincent. God Bless you and may God pour forth His graces on your family and on you.

Incomprehensible Creator, the true Fountain of light and only Author of all knowledge: vouchsafe, we beseech Thee, to enlighten our understandings, and to remove from us all darkness of sin and ignorance. Thou, who makest eloquent the tongues of those that want utterance, direct our tongues, and pour on our lips the grace of Thy blessing. Give us a diligent and obedient spirit, quickness of apprehension, capacity of retaining, and the powerful assistance of Thy holy grace; that what we hear or learn we may apply to Thy honor and the eternal salvation of our own souls.

 Holy Spirit, Giver of all good gifts, enter into my mind and heart. Give me the gift of knowledge and the grace to use it wisely. Help me in all my endeavors. Give me perseverance and fortitude. Help my memory, that I may remember what I learn and recall it when necessary. Guide me in the classroom. You who are the Way, the Truth, and the Life, let me not be deceived by false teaching. Our Lady of Good Studies, pray for me. Amen.

Deep trust in God....helps in that liberation.

As the saying goes, "The Truth shall set you Free..."

41. James Ingram - I Don't Have The Heart

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUz0T7ixeEk&feature=player_detailpage

gwapo lagi nimong balay, nong!

Quote from: chicogon on May 29, 2013, 05:42:31 AM
Sa Chicago hospitals diay?

ma uwaw man ko, uy. not in public...private lang. hihihi!

Quote from: chicogon on May 29, 2013, 05:43:48 AM
Sa pirmero raman kurat... ma normal naman pod kadugayan ahihihih

hihihihi! the flower blooms only once diay.

They are all so very handsome in their attire !

It must be amazing to be ordained a priest...

a little bit of history, anna.

and you're very much welcome.

calling to holy life is, indeed, a beautiful one. in fact, anna, we are encouraged to discern deeply on it. well, despite you not continuing on to a life as a nun, you are a mother of your wonderful children. i pray to God that you and your husband continue to live and uphold the dignity of marriage and provide a source of rich , catholic life to your children. for as parents, you are the repository for your children.

May God Bless you and your entire family !

if you like this one, you need to watch henry viii.

Beautiful...