Searched for “Manila Massacre World War 2 casualties killed”
The Battle of Manila and Manila Massacre of 1945 during World War II resulted in devastating civilian casualties. At least 100,000 civilians were killed during the month-long battle [Wikipedia](
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_massacre) [Wikipedia](
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)) , making it one of the most destructive urban battles of the Pacific Theater.
The massacre occurred when Japanese forces, under the command of Admiral Sanji Iwabuchi, committed systematic war crimes against Filipino civilians as American and Filipino forces fought to retake the city from February 3 to March 3, 1945. The civilians were killed "indiscriminately and deliberately" [Facts and Details](
https://factsanddetails.com/asian/ca67/sub428/entry-5337.html) through bayoneting, shooting, and bombing.
Military casualties were much lower in comparison: 1,010 Americans were killed and 5,565 wounded, while over 16,000 Japanese soldiers were killed [HistoryNet](
https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-manila/) [DVIDS](
https://www.dvidshub.net/news/463611/battalion-s-2-killed-during-battle-manila-15-feb-1945) .
The battle resulted in the complete destruction of Manila, which had been known as the "Pearl of the Orient." It was "the scene of the worst urban fighting fought by American forces in the Pacific theater" [Wikipedia](
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)) and stands as one of the major war crimes committed by Imperial Japanese forces during World War II.
Citations:
- [Manila massacre - Wikipedia](
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_massacre)
- [Battle of Manila (1945) - Wikipedia](
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945))
- [BATTLE OF MANILA IN WORLD WAR II | Facts and Details](
https://factsanddetails.com/asian/ca67/sub428/entry-5337.html)
- [Battle Of Manila](
https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-manila/)
- [DVIDS - News - Battalion S-2 Killed During Battle for Manila (15 FEB 1945)](
https://www.dvidshub.net/news/463611/battalion-s-2-killed-during-battle-manila-15-feb-1945)
More sources:
- [A Not-So-Distant Mirror: What the Battle of Manila During World War II Suggests About Urban Combat, War Crimes, and the Battle for Gaza | Hoover Institution A Not-So-Distant Mirror: What the Battle of Manila During World War II Suggests About Urban Combat, War Crimes, and the Battle for Gaza](
https://www.hoover.org/research/not-so-distant-mirror-what-battle-manila-during-world-war-ii-suggests-about-urban-combat)
- [Review | Massacre in Manila: the forgotten second world war battle that destroyed a city and countless lives | South China Morning Post](
https://www.scmp.com/culture/books/article/2173594/massacre-manila-forgotten-second-world-war-battle-destroyed-city-and)
- [Battlefield as Crime Scene: The Japanese Massacre in Manila](
https://www.historynet.com/worldwar2-japanese-massacre-in-manila/)
- [(PDF) The Death of Manila in World War II and Postwar Commemoration](
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324079142_The_Death_of_Manila_in_World_War_II_and_Postwar_Commemoration)
- [Bloody history: Japanese army slaughtered more than 100,000 Filipino civilians in desperate revenge in Manila Massacre - Global Times](
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202409/1319967.shtml)
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