The Hotel Mumbai attacks, also known as the 26/11 attacks, were a series of terrorist attacks that took place in November 2008, when 10 members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, a militant Islamist organisation from Pakistan, carried out 12 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks lasting four days across Mumbai. The attacks killed 175 people and injured more than 300.
The attacks exposed the weaknesses and gaps in India's police and intelligence capabilities, such as poor coordination, inadequate equipment, outdated training, and lack of resources. In response, the Indian government initiated several reforms and measures to improve the security and preparedness of the police and intelligence agencies, such as:
- Establishing the National Investigation Agency (NIA) as a federal agency to investigate and prosecute terrorism and other national security-related crimes.
- Enhancing the capacity and mobility of the National Security Guard (NSG), the elite commando force that was deployed to end the siege at the Taj Hotel and other locations.
- Strengthening the intelligence-sharing mechanism among various agencies, both at the central and state levels, through platforms such as the Multi-Agency Centre (MAC) and the Subsidiary Multi-Agency Centre (SMAC).
- Upgrading the equipment, weapons, communication systems, and vehicles of the police and paramilitary forces.
- Providing soft skills training for police personnel to improve their attitude, behaviour, communication, and emotional intelligence.
- Increasing the budget allocation for the police and intelligence sectors, and creating special funds for modernisation and infrastructure development.
These reforms and measures have been implemented to varying degrees and have faced some challenges and limitations, such as bureaucratic hurdles, political interference, corruption, and resource constraints. However, they have also resulted in some positive outcomes, such as improved response time, better coordination, enhanced professionalism, and increased public confidence.
Source:
(1) 2008 Mumbai attacks - Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Mumbai_attacks.
(2) The True Story Behind the Movie Hotel Mumbai - TIME.
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(3) Fourteen years on, remembering the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks.
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(4) Mumbai Massacre | Background Information | Secrets of the Dead - PBS.
https://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/mumbai-massacre-background-information/502/.
(5) SOFT SKILLS TRAINING FOR POLICE PERSONNEL - Bureau of Police Research ....
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(6)
The Author(s) 2021 well-being of police personnel in India.
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(7) Intelligence career pathway | College of Policing.
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How Accurate Is ‘Hotel Mumbai’? The 26/11 Terrorist Attacks Are ....
https://www.bustle.com/p/how-accurate-is-hotel-mumbai-the-2611-terrorist-attacks-are-dramatized-in-the-new-film-16951722.
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