Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak (Arabic: Ù…Øمد Øسني سيد مبارك‎, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [mæˈħæmËæd ˈħosni ˈsæjËed moˈbÉ‘Ëɾɑk], Muḥammad ḤusnÄ« Sayyid MubÄrak; born May 4, 1928) is the former President of Egypt. He served from 1981 to 2011.
Mubarak was appointed Vice President of Egypt in 1975, and assumed the presidency on October 14, 1981, following the assassination of President Anwar El Sadat. The length of his presidency made him Egypt's longest-serving ruler since Muhammad Ali Pasha. Before he entered politics, Mubarak was a career officer in the Egyptian Air Force, serving as its commander from 1972 to 1975.
During demonstrations beginning on January 25, 2011, protesters called for his resignation as president of Egypt. On February 1, 2011, Mubarak announced that he would not seek another term in the 2011 Egyptian presidential election. On February 5, 2011, Egyptian state media reported that senior members of the ruling National Democratic Party, including Mubarak, had resigned from leadership roles within the party.
On February 11, 2011, Vice President Omar Suleiman announced that Mubarak had resigned as President of Egypt, transferring authority to the Higher Council of the Armed Forces, following 18 days of protests challenging his thirty-year rule.
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