#OnThisDay in 1959, “chip” co-inventor Jack Kilby filed patent application 'Miniaturized Electronic Circuits'.
Kilby was employed by Texas Instruments and having not earned a vacation, he was left alone in the laboratory during the summer of 1958. He showed that it was possible to fabricate a simple integrated circuit in germanium, a commonly used semiconductor at that time. An integrated circuit, chip, is built up of transistors and other components in a single piece of semiconductor material. Kilby continued his career as an inventor, with some 60 patents. Among other things, he is co-inventor of the pocket calculator, one of the first applications of the integrated circuit. A market survey run before the start of planning for its manufacture showed that interest in a pocket calculator was negligible. After all, people had slide-rules!
Another young engineer, Robert Noyce, developed the circuit as it was later to be manufactured in practice with silicon. They are both considered as the inventors of the integrated circuit, but Robert Noyce died in 1990. Kilby was awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics.
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