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Triad (simplified Chinese: 三合会; traditional Chinese: 三合會; pinyin: Sānhéhuì; literally "Triad Society") is a term used to describe many branches of Chinese criminal organizations based in Mexico, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Macau, Taiwan, Mainland China, and also in countries with significant Chinese populations, such as Malaysia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada.

The earliest triads started as resistance/rebel forces who opposed Manchu rule in China during the Ming Dynasty, as the Manchu ethnic group were regarded as foreign invaders in the predominant Han Chinese society of China then. In the 1760s, the Heaven and Earth Society (天地會) was founded, with its objective to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and restore Han Chinese rule in China. As the society's influence spread throughout China, it branched into several smaller groups with different names, one of which was the Three Harmonies Society (三合會). These societies adopted the triangle as their emblem, usually accompanied by decorative images of swords or portraits of Guan Yu. The term "triad" was first coined by British authorities in colonial Hong Kong, as a reference to the triads' use of triangular imagery. While never proven, it is "highly probable" that triad organizations either took after or were originally part of the revolutionary movement called the White Lotus Society.


More at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triad_%28underground_society%29

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Not long after the communists took power in mainland China, many of the Triads moved their base of operation to British controlled (at that time) Hong Kong, where they could have a lot more freedom. To this day Hong Kong is still the main hub of triad activity. In 1994 Hong Kong went as far as making a law that being a member of the Triads was in itself a crime.

Triads are a far "looser" organization than other cultures counterpart societies, like the "Mafia". There is also a swearing in and oaths for life, similar to many hierarchical organized crime syndicates. There is a certain extent of nominal top down control, but there is not as much of a leadership when it comes to direct control of actions. The actions of small subgroups are left in their own hands for the most part.

For a person to simply "be" a Triad does not mean that someone is even necessarily a criminal. There are many Triad members who do not engage in criminal activity.

From an organization that got started as opposition part to the Qing Dynasty to an Organized Crime syndicate that has tentacles all over the world, the History of the Triads is long one and one full of only one thing, resisting the people in charge. Even with many government task forces and laws being passed around the world to curb the illegal power of the Triads it is unlikely that this powerful organized crime unit will disappear anytime soon.


http://www.omikz.com/top-10-most-famous-mafias-in-the-world

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Chinese Mafia The Triads Of China #4

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