What are the long-term effects of cigarette smoking?Long-term smoking can contribute significantly to the acceleration of the following health problems:
Nicotine addiction
Coronary artery disease – at least 20% of deaths are smoking-related
Heart disease - Smokers in their 30s and 40s have a heart attack rate that is five times their non-smoking peers
Hardening of the arteries and complication of blocked arteries, hypertension, blood clots
Stoke – People who smoke a pack a day have almost two and a half times the risk of getting a stroke
Peptic ulcer disease
Lung diseases – chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema; smoking caused nearly 85,000 deaths in 1990 due to these diseases.
Cancers – oral, especially of the respiratory tract and the oral cavity, nose, pharynx, larynx, lung, cervical, urinary bladder, kidney, and pancreas; smoking accounts for 85% of all lung cancers
Disease of the oral cavity, e.g., irritation and infection of the gums and teeth
Delayed wound healing
Smoking can cause the following problems in women:
Reproductive disturbances (such as, infertility)
Problems during pregnancy include:
a. Fetal abnormalities and even death
b. Low-birth weight infants - DOH Philippines
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