Chemotherapy: The most dreaded of all. Thoughts of uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea come to mind for most when they think of chemotherapy. Actually it isn’t as bad as it used to be.
Unlike radiation, chemotherapy traverses the whole body, killing rapidly dividing cells. Besides cancer cells, other rapidly dividing cells include the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, blood cells, and hair. Damage to these cells results in the troublesome side effects associated with chemotherapy.
The most common chemotherapeutic agents used in breast cancer are cyclophosphamide or Cytoxan (C), methotrexate (M) 5 fluorouracil or 5FU (F), Adriamycin or doxorubicin (A), Oncovin or vincristine (O) and Taxol (T). Various combinations are utilized and given intials like CMF, CAF, etc. in keeping with the abbreviations mentioned previously.
Chemotherapy is usually given in cycles. Two common cycles are the 3-week and the 4-week cycle. In the 3-week cycle, there is a 3-week break between chemotherapy treatments. The 4-week cycle has two weeks on and two weeks off. These cycles can run from 12 weeks to over a year depending on many factors.
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