Author Topic: Some volcano-related words  (Read 6768 times)

hubag bohol

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #40 on: March 16, 2011, 01:12:25 PM »


quartz

Quartz is a common crystalline mineral.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #41 on: March 16, 2011, 01:13:57 PM »


radioisotope dating

Radioisotope dating is used to find out how old fossils are. Different radioisotopes are used for different geologic time periods because of their different half-lives.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #42 on: March 16, 2011, 01:25:46 PM »
Richter, Charles F.

Charles Francis Richter (April 26, 1900- April 30, 1985) was a who developed the Richter scale, a logarithmic scale that measures the intensity of an earthquake. He developed it in 1935 at the California Institute of Technology.

Richter scale

The Richter scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the intensity of an earthquake. It was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter. The magnitude of an earthquake is calculated from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves recorded by seismographs. Beno Gutenberg also contributed to the more general application of the Richter scale. A magnitude 2.0 or less earthquake is called a microearthquake and is not felt by people. A magnitude 4.5 or more earthquake can be measured by seismographs all over the world.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #43 on: March 16, 2011, 01:32:38 PM »


ring of fire

The ring of fire is an area around the Pacific Ocean that is high in volcanic, mountain-building, and seismic activity.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #44 on: March 16, 2011, 01:43:50 PM »


seafloor spreading

Seafloor spreading is the movement of two oceanic plates away from each other, which results in the formation of new oceanic crust and a mid-ocean ridge.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #45 on: March 16, 2011, 01:58:07 PM »
seamount

A seamount is an underwater mountain that rises at least 1000 meters above the sea floor. Some seamounts rise above the water's surface. Most seamounts are volcanic in orgin; only a few are non-volcanic (caused by uplifting).

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #46 on: March 16, 2011, 02:11:35 PM »


sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock is rock that has formed from sediment. Most fossils are found sedimentary rock.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #47 on: March 16, 2011, 02:12:50 PM »
seismograph

A seismograph is a device that records and measures seismic waves (vibrations in the Earth), like those from earthquakes.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #48 on: March 16, 2011, 02:34:03 PM »


subduction

A subduction is a phenomenon in which one part of the Earth's crust (a plate) is pushed underneath another plate as two plates collide. The descending crust melts as it is pushed deep into the Earth's mantle. Subduction destroys crust and recycles it back into the mantle.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #49 on: March 16, 2011, 03:00:05 PM »
supervolcano

A supervolcano is an enormous volcano that is an order of magnitude larger than ordinary volcanoes. A supervolcano occurs when a huge magma chamber in the Earth's crust erupts after being under great pressure, causing a large caldera to form as the land over the magma chamber collaspses. This type of eruption is probably able to cause a major climate change and a mass extinction as it ejects dust, debris, and caustic gases into the atmosphere. Supervolcanos do not look like the familiar cone-shaped volcano - a supervolcano looks like a huge collapsed crater. Yellowstone National Park (in Wyoming and Montana, USA) is a supervolcano 70 km long and 30 km wide; it is due to erupt soon (in terms of geological time).

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #50 on: March 16, 2011, 03:24:30 PM »
tectonic activity

Tectonic activity is the shifting of a planet's surface because of changes deep inside the body. Earthquakes, fissures, rifts, and volcanoes are some results of tectonic activity.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #51 on: March 16, 2011, 03:32:46 PM »


tide

A tide is a periodic rise and fall of large bodies of water. Tides are caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon. The gravitational attraction of the moon causes the oceans to bulge out in the direction of the moon. Another bulge occurs on the opposite side, since the Earth is also being pulled toward the moon (and away from the water on the far side). Since the earth is rotating while this is happening, two tides occur each day. Isaac Newton was the first person to explain tides scientifically.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #52 on: March 16, 2011, 07:29:15 PM »
tropics

The tropics are a 3,000 mile (4800 km) wide band around the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N latitude) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S latitude).

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #53 on: March 16, 2011, 07:59:05 PM »


troposphere

The troposphere is the lowest region in the Earth's (or any planet's) atmosphere. On the Earth, it goes from ground (or water) level up to about 11 miles (17 kilometers) high. The weather and clouds occur in the troposphere. In the troposphere, the temperature generally decreases as altitude increases.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #54 on: March 16, 2011, 08:19:32 PM »


tsunami

A tsunami is a huge wave, caused by undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, rockslides, or, more rarely, by asteroid or meteoroid impact.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #55 on: March 16, 2011, 08:58:17 PM »
vent

A vent is an opening in the earth's surface through which volcanic materials (like lava, gases, and pyroclastic debris) erupt.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #56 on: March 16, 2011, 09:10:44 PM »
viscosity

Viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow of a liquid. Viscous liquids flow very slowly; less viscous fluids flow more quickly. For example, water has a low viscosity while oil has a higher viscosity.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #57 on: March 16, 2011, 09:40:03 PM »


volcano

A volcano is a place on the Earth's surface (or any other planet's or moon's surface) where molten rock, gases and pyroclastic debris erupt through the earth's crust. Volcanoes vary quite a bit in their structure - some are cracks in the earth's crust where lava erupts, and some are domes, shields, or mountain-like structures with a crater at the summit. Some types of volcanoes include: caldera, cinder cone, hornito, lava dome, maar, mud volcano, shield volcano, spatter cone, and stratovolcano. The word volcano is from Latin; it comes from the ancient Romans god of fire and metalworking, Vulcan.

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Re: Some volcano-related words
« Reply #58 on: March 16, 2011, 09:41:28 PM »


WEGENER, ALFRED L.

Alfred Lothar Wegener (1880-1930), the German geologist and meteorologist, proposed the theory of continental drift in his 1915 book, On the Origin of Continents and Oceans. This theory states that parts of the Earth's crust slowly drift atop a liquid core. The fossil record overwhelmingly supports and gives credence to the theory of continental drift (and that of plate tectonics). He proposed the existence of the supercontinent Pangaea, and named it (Pangaea means "all the land" in Greek). Wegener froze to death while heading an expedition crossing the Greenland ice cap in 1930.

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