1. Jehovah’s Witnesses, 1874, 1914, 1918, 1920, 1925, 1941, & 1975
One group that has traditionally been very into end-times prophecy are the Jehovah’s Witnesses, whose propensity for picking failed years for Christ’s return are legendary. A group founded in 1874 by a one-time Millerite and Congregationalist by the name of Charles Taze Russell (1852-1916), since its inception, no denomination has been more guilty of repeatedly setting dates than have the JWs, usually to their own detriment. Though Russell originally proposed several dates for Christ’s return starting in 1874, his most famous doomsday date was October 1, 1914, a date which happened to dovetail nicely with the start of the First World War (which Russell—an ardent pacifist—and his followers believed to be the start of the Battle of Armageddon). When Christ didn’t physically return on schedule, however, Russell—taking a cue from some of Miller’s followers—simply suggested that the Lord had returned “invisibly†instead, though without defining exactly what that meant. In any case, it didn’t seem to impact the vigor of the church to any great degree, which continued to see extraordinary growth in the intervening decades after Russell’s death in 1916.
Undeterred by their 1914 “miss†(or, apparently, unaware of Christ’s aforementioned “invisible†return) church leaders, under the leadership of Russell’s energetic successor, “Judge†Rutherford, went on to name several other years as the date for the Savior’s return. 1918, 1920, 1925, and 1941 were all proposed at one time or another, but each passed uneventfully (with the exception of 1941, which saw some little ruckus being played out in Europe). While these “misses†seemed to have little deleterious effect on the church or its continued growth for several decades, the church’s penchant for date setting almost did it in when it announced that 1975 was to be the year of Christ’s final, visible return. (This sure-fire date was based on the belief that Adam was created in the year 4026 BCE, thereby making 1975 the 6,000th anniversary of that miracle.) Encouraging JWs to sell their homes, quit their jobs, and forego all planning for the future in deference to praying and doing door-to-door evangelizing until the end came, with the dawn of 1976 came considerable buyer’s remorse and, with it, a general exodus from which it was to take the church decades to recover. As a result, the organization has been considerably more careful about date setting since, though apocalyptic, ends-time beliefs continue to permeate their teachings to this day.
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