Author Topic: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven  (Read 3663 times)

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The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« on: June 22, 2014, 01:12:44 AM »
The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven were the collective names of two groups of people whose convictions in English courts in 1975 and 1976 for the Guildford pub bombings of 5 October 1974 were eventually quashed after long campaigns for justice.

The Guildford Four were convicted of bombings carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), and the Maguire Seven were convicted of handling explosives found during the investigation into the bombings.

Both groups' convictions were eventually declared "incorrect and unsatisfactory" and reversed in 1989 and 1991 respectively after they had served 15-16 years in prison.


The Guildford Four
Paul Michael Hill, 21
Gerard "Gerry" Conlon, 21    
Patrick "Paddy" Armstrong, 25
Carole Richardson, 17

The Maguire Seven
Anne Maguire, 40
Patrick Maguire, Anne's husband, 42
Patrick Maguire, Son of Anne and Patrick, 14
Vincent Maguire, Son of Anne and Patrick, 17
Sean Smyth, Brother of Anne Maguire, 37
Patrick O'Neill, Family friend, 35    
Patrick "Giuseppe" Conlon, Brother-in-law of Anne, 52

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #1 on: June 22, 2014, 01:15:08 AM »
Quashing of the Guildford verdict

In 1989, a detective looking at the case found typed notes from Patrick Armstrong's police interviews, which had been heavily edited. Deletions and additions had been made, and the notes had been rearranged. These notes, and their amendments, were consistent with hand-written and typed notes presented at the trial, which suggested that the hand-written notes were made after the interviews had been conducted. This implied that the police had manipulated the notes to fit with the case they wanted to present.

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #2 on: June 22, 2014, 01:26:21 AM »
An appeal was granted on the basis of this new evidence. Lord Gifford QC represented Paul Hill, and others were represented by human rights solicitor, Gareth Peirce. The Lord Chief Justice, Lord Lane, said that the police typescripts were either a "fabrication by the police from start to finish, invented by some fertile Constabulary mind" or a "contemporaneous manuscript note ... reduced into typewritten form [and] then amended here and there in order to improve it; and, finally ... reconverted into manuscript by the various Surrey officers involved so that it could be produced as a contemporaneous note".

Either way, the police had lied, and the conclusion was that if they had lied about this, the entire evidence of the police was unreliable. The Four were released on 19 October 1989, after having their convictions quashed. Fifteen years had passed since their arrests.

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #3 on: June 22, 2014, 01:29:38 AM »
Quashing of the Maguire verdicts

On 12 July 1990, the Home Secretary David Waddington published the Interim Report on the Maguire Case: The Inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the convictions arising out of the bomb attacks in Guildford and Woolwich in 1974, which criticised the trial judge Mr Justice Donaldson and unearthed improprieties in the handling of scientific evidence and declared the convictions unsound recommending referral back to the Court of Appeal. The report "strongly criticise[d] the decision by the prosecution at the Guildford trial not to disclose to the defence a statement supporting Mr Conlon's alibi."

The convictions of the Maguire Seven were quashed in 1991. The court held that members of the London Metropolitan Police beat some of the Seven into confessing to the crimes and withheld information that would have cleared them.

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #4 on: June 22, 2014, 01:31:46 AM »
Aftermath

Neither the bombings nor the wrongful imprisonment resulted in convictions. The bombings were most likely the work of the Balcombe Street Siege gang, who claimed responsibility. They were already serving life sentences, but were released under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement. Three British police officers—Thomas Style, John Donaldson, and Vernon Attwell—were charged with conspiracy to pervert the course of justice, but each was found not guilty.

On 9 February 2005, the then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Tony Blair, issued an apology to the families of the 11 people imprisoned for the bombings in Guildford and Woolwich, and those related to them who were still alive, by saying, in part: "I am very sorry that they were subject to such an ordeal and injustice... they deserve to be completely and publicly exonerated."

wikipedia/

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #5 on: June 22, 2014, 01:33:15 AM »
Writing for the Guardian in 2009, Conlon vividly described his ordeal during his wrongful imprisonment: "It is still hard to describe what it is like to be facing a life sentence for something you did not do. For the first two years, I still had a little bit of hope. I would hear the jangling of keys and think that this was the time the prison officers were going to come and open the cell door and set us free. But after the Maguire Seven (all also wrongly convicted) – my father among them – were arrested, we started to lose that hope.

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #6 on: June 22, 2014, 01:33:53 AM »
"Not only did we have to beat the criminal justice system but we also had to survive in prison. Our reality was that nightmare. They would urinate in our food, defecate in it, put glass in it. Our cell doors would be left open for us to be beaten and they would come in with batteries in socks to beat us over the head. I saw two people murdered. I saw suicides. I saw somebody set fire to himself in Long Lartin prison."

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #7 on: June 22, 2014, 01:35:27 AM »
Gerry and Guiseppe Conlon's story was turned into the acclaimed 1993 film 'In The Name of the Father', directed by Jim Sheridan and starring Oscar-winner Daniel Day Lewis.



Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #8 on: June 22, 2014, 01:40:33 AM »
Gerry Conlon of the Guildford Four dies aged 60

Man imprisoned for 15 years after police fabricated confessions for pub bombing dies at home in Belfast following long illness


After finally gaining his freedom, Conlon underwent psychiatric treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. Photograph: Frank Martin/picture library

more at http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/jun/21/gerry-conlon-guildford-four-dies-belfast-ira, by Henry McDonald, Saturday, 21 June 2014

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #9 on: June 22, 2014, 02:10:33 AM »
Gerry Conlon throughout the years



Irish hero Gerry Conlon.
Photograph: Ian Cook/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Image

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Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #10 on: June 22, 2014, 02:11:15 AM »

Protesters outside the Old Bailey ahead of the release of the Guildford Four.
Photograph: Bill Cross/Associated Newspapers/REX

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #11 on: June 22, 2014, 02:11:55 AM »

Conlon with his two sisters as he is released after 15 years of wrongful imprisonment.
Photograph: Keystone USA/REX

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #12 on: June 22, 2014, 02:12:34 AM »

Gerry Conlon cheers as he is released from the Old Bailey.
Photograph: Ted Blackbrow/Daily Mail/REX

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #13 on: June 22, 2014, 02:13:20 AM »

Police escort members of the Guildford Four's families after Conlon's release from the Old Bailey. Photograph: Bill Cross/Associated Newspapers/REX

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #14 on: June 22, 2014, 02:14:30 AM »

Gerry Conlon outside the House of Commons in 2005, showing the media the letter of apology he received from the prime minister, Tony Blair, for him being wrongly convicted of the Guildford pub bombings.
Photograph: Stefan Rousseau/PA

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #15 on: June 22, 2014, 02:15:08 AM »

Gerry Conlon speaks in front of parliament during a demonstration in support of legal aid on 22 May 2013 in London.
Photograph: Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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Re: The Guildford Four and the Maguire Seven
« Reply #16 on: June 22, 2014, 02:16:09 AM »

Daniel Day-Lewis plays Conlon in a film based on the Guilford Four, In the Name of The Father. Photograph: Allstar/Sportsphoto Ltd.

http://www.theguardian.com/

Linkback: https://tubagbohol.mikeligalig.com/index.php?topic=78526.0
Republic Act 8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998, Philippines), as amended and strengthened by House  Bill 6893 of 2013--- violation means a maximum of P250,000 fine with a corresponding three-year jail term and a minimum of P30,000 fine and six months imprisonment

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